جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « instability » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

Suicide is a global public health concern. Identifying factors related to suicide can improve risk classification and help targeted interventions for high-risk groups. In fact, effective suicide prevention requires a comprehensive understanding of risk factors. In this study, in addition to economic and social factors affecting suicide, the amount of risk and economic instability is also considered.

In order to determine the index of risk and instability at the macroeconomic level, an index of the average variance of the three variables of inflation rate, economic growth rate and the percentage of exchange rate changes in the parallel currency market has been made. Then, with the aim of providing economic and social strategies to prevent suicide, the impact of each macroeconomic and social factor on suicide has been estimated using the ordinary least squares regression method during the period of 2001 to 2020.

The estimation results show that the general level variables of prices, divorce, crime rate, income inequality in society as well as economic instability have a positive effect on suicide, and employment variables and the age ratio of the 50 to 69-year-old population to the rest of the country's population have a negative effect on suicide.

Despite the influence of macro-economic and social factors on the suicide rate in Iran, it is worth considering the significant impact of the inequality of income distribution in the society on the suicide rate. Considering this significant effect on the suicide rate, reducing inequality is actually an economic solution that the country's politicians can implement.

These days development and its challenges become one of the main issues in Iran. Therefore, detecting the causes and finding ways to get out of none-development predicament is one of the concerns of the Iran’s scientific Elite.Regarding to importance of development in Iran this article explains the pathology of sustainability and instability of development in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Although Iran has placed the development at the center of its attention for the last four decades, for various reasons it has not been able to create sustainable development.Therefore, the question comes to mind: "How can one explain the causes of the instability of the process of development and its irrational ups and downs in the Islamic Republic of Iran?The Primary answer to this question is based on this hypothesis: It seems that the lack of the consensus at the level of the idea, model and mode of action of strategic elite and continuity of development programs, weaknesses in participatory processes, and centralization as sustainability-based development requirements of global experiences have led to the instability of development in the Islamic Republic of Iran.The researcher's purpose is to address this question. To the extent possible, it will endeavor to provide a pathological approach to the subject through rational reasoning and rational arguments. This research will help to better understand of the ups and downs of the Iran’s development in these days.

Official reports show that the structure of marriage is at risk of high rates of instability and divorce. The purpose of this research is to explain the lived experience of Kermanshah women of the instability of married life. The qualitative method of phenomenology was used to conduct this research. In-depth interview technique was used to collect data. In this research, 20 women of Kermanshah who were selected purposefully were interviewed. To analyze the data according to the characteristics of this research, the seven-step Claesian method was used. From the data analysis, the three main categories of facilitators of marital life instability (with the subcategories of addiction, unreasonable expectations, unconventional relationship with the opposite sex, gender inequality and unemployment) emotional experience (with the subcategories of feeling of failure, feeling of loneliness, feeling of liberation and feeling frustration) and broken social relations (with the subcategories of reduced social prestige, humiliation by others, non-acceptance by friends and negative stigmas) were obtained. In general conclusion, it can be said that instability as a social problem affects the whole society. Economic programs for change in employment creation, strengthening of ethical foundations, especially social morals, reforming and regulating the normative system in line with expectations, Promoting the culture of referring families to family counseling centers and in the event of disputes, providing various training programs to empower young people to raise awareness about women's rights, education, family, marriage means a proper criterion should be addressed.

This study seeks to examine the mechanisms that influence the unequal distribution of income structure on the industrial development of societies. This study has been conducted with a comparative-longitudinal method in which data from 189 countries in the period of 1990-2014 (period of 25 years) has been used. Due to the data structure , data analysis was performed using the generalized estimator equations method. The results showed that inequality of income through the social instability plays a diminishing effect on the industrial development of societies. Also, income inequality from the channel of reducing investment in education and thus reducing the level of human capital has a reverse effect on industrial development. Based on the mechanism of the political economy of redistribution, income inequality leads to the redistribution of income through tax policies and thereby affects the industrial development of societies. The findings also showed that income inequality does not directly correlate with the industrial development of societies and it is only through the above mechanisms that influence industrial development.

Urban historic neighborhoods are one of the most important capitals left over from the past centuries in Iran, which have been eroded and degraded for various reasons today. One of the most important historic neighborhoods in the capital of Iran (Tehran) is the Oudlajan neighborhood.
This article, by using various methods such as documentary study, interview and field observation, trying to answer two questions in relation to the Oudlajan neighborhood: First, what factors are in the historical context together to create the current instable situation in this neighborhood? And what other parts of the neighborhood are in the current situation, what role each of these components play in increasing its stability or instability?
According to the results, some of the most important factors affecting the current situation in the neighborhood in different historical periods are: the weakening of the productive and economic system of the country due to the inability to compete with the new systems, reduce the dependence of the capital to other cities and villages in the country and strengthen the mechanism of attraction Population in Tehran over the past 150 years, changing the pattern of stratification in urban neighborhoods and focusing on poverty and wealth in some neighborhoods, breaking the organic relationship of Tehran's bazaar with Oudlajan neighborhood and exploiting the Oullajan by the market and the inefficiency of urban management systems as controlling systems And regulator of relationships in city.
The most important parts of the neighborhood, in terms of its impact on stability or instability, can be divided into four broad categories. Which is mentioned in the text of the article and it seems that the result of their forces is now to increase the instability in the neighborhood. It should be noted that if this trend continues, the survival of the Oudlajan as a historical neighborhood will be faced with serious challenges and Iran will lose another valuable historical capital forever.

Along History, The confrontation with environmental threats, and to increase self-adjustment ability to unknown nature, human beings have created specific beliefs collectively. Those beliefs have no scientific and rational basis but sometimes have metaphysical or magical character which usually classified as "superstition". The main purpose of this study is examining individual's impression on entity and nature of Superstitions and recognizing factors influencing their understanding and perception. From methodological viewpoint, this research is based on Conventional approach. It means that, the main purpose of the study isn’t collecting and recognizing real superstition in the society, but the main goal understands people's conception and perception of what is superstition. All residents of 15 years and above in Isfahan province were as the target population for the current study. The total sample size of the current study consists of 6192 individuals, selected based on three variables of age, sex, and residential area according to the quota sampling in 25 sub-province and urban areas. The questionnaire was contained open questions and has completed by face-to-face interviews. Based on Conventional approach, every individual was asked to answer the questions after contemplating about his/ her superstitious beliefs and those of his/ her parents and residential sub-province as well. The results indicate that higher levels of socio-economic development and quality of life, like university education, leads to people's lower tendency to superstitious beliefs.