جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "resource curse" در نشریات گروه "علوم اجتماعی"

For years researchers have associated the developmental problems of countries possessing natural resources like oil with the very fact of the possession of such resources. The numerous studies of this field have mostly focused on the theories of the Rentier State and the Resource Curse. Today, with the advent of empirical research and theoretical criticism, there is little doubt with regards to the shortcomings of the classic theories of the field. The latest research has also attempted to mitigate the extremes of the classic theories of rentierism which usually cover a limited scope of the suggested outcomes of rentierism, and such theories have not formed a comprehensive and elaborate theory, nor have they presented an appropriate ideal type of the rentier state for historical investigations. The present paper presents a critical survey of the literature on rentierism, focusing on one main question: how can this theory be improved? With respect to this question, at first, rentierism literature will be reviewed, then the institutionalist theory of Douglass North shall be introduced. By recognizing the advantages and disadvantages of both theories, the present paper goes on to formulate new conceptual framework named the "Rentier Limited Access Order". Not only is this framework rooted in both theories, but it also goes beyond them and delivers new insights with which rentier states can be studied.

More than 100 years have passed since the discovery of oil in Iran. Although this industry has a decisive role in the country's economy, Iran has never been among the technology developers of world's oil industry. Also, after all these years Iran couldn’t stablish the ability to develop and commercialize new and applied technologies in oil and gas sector.
Comparative study, emploeyed in this research, is one of the methods to understand weaknesses to achieve technogical capablities. So, in this article, by applying historical and analytical approach we try to study the technological development processes of Iran and Norway oil industries. Paying attention to subjects such as: exploit the existing potential of the industries at the birth of the oil industry, the role and policies of the government in creating effective institutional mechanisms in oil industry, building technological absorption capacities, research and development in oil industry, creating knowledge through oil contractor companies, technology transfer and development through manufacturing in oil industry within the framowrk of a comparative study of these two countries, some recommnedations will be offered to improve and facilitate the technological development of the oil industry in Iran and to enhance the competitive advantage.

Iran has got the third largest oil reserves in the world and despite this natural wealth، it’s economic conditions in comparison to many poor countries، is undesirable and it seems in the case of resource curse is true. It is believed that resource abundance affect the poor by instability in the export price of primary resources، increase in inequality، decrease in growth rate، governance and political structure، Dutch Disease and internal war. ARDL approach is used to examine the relationship between abundance of natural resources and poverty over period (1981-2007). According to our findings، we cannot impute poverty to resources abundance. Studies that have used abundance measure (per capita natural resource) in spite of presence of poverty and inequality in natural resources- rich countries cannot confirm the relationship between poverty and inequality، and natural resources abundance. These researches point out institutions convert wealth to curse instead of blessed.