جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « social relations networks » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

Employment and the achieving a desirable job is considered to be the most basic needs of a society. Unemployment has been considered as a destructive social, economic and cultural phenomenon and its elimination has always been one of the main concerns of officials. One of the important issues in the Iranian society is the unemployment of educated people in all academic fields. Information and statistics show the failure of well-educated young people to find a job. However, a group of students has succeeded in finding a job. This study, by relying on the theory of neoclassical scholars in economics and the theorists of social relations network in sociology, explains how these individuals find their desirable job.
This research was a survey and its population included students of Kharazmi University in three levels of undergraduate, postgraduate and PhD at Karaj and Tehran branches. Data were collected through a questionnaire with a sample size of 544 people.
Findings: The informal relationships (social relations network) play a much larger role than the official paths of job search in student employment. Strong social relationships in comparison to weak social relationships, lead to more employment and academic relationships play a very limited role in student employment. Moreover, the findings showed that students from urban areas used social relations network more than students from rural areas and students whose parents had higher education used the social relations network for employment more than students whose parents had lower education.
Employed students have mostly found their jobs through informal relationships and formal job search paths have little effect on student employment. In other words, official job search channels such as recruitment agencies, official job placement sites and job advertisements have not played a significant role in student employment. Only 22.4% of the students indicated that they had found their job through official job search channels, while 77.6% of the students found their job through informal relationships. The social relations network helps people to meet specific needs such as employment. In other words, employment or lack of employment depends largely on the social relations network of individuals. The findings of this study showed that extensive interaction among individuals for obtaining resources and social and economic opportunities is an important issue in economic sociology studies. Considering the results of this study, it can be concluded that the network of social relations is effective in analyzing the labor market in Iran.

The social and cultural effects of tourism show that tourism and traveling influencesthe value system, the behavioral patterns, the social structures, and the lifestyle of the host society and the tourist. As one cannot ignore other modern evolutions because of their negative effects, we should try to control their negative consequences through some preparations and to benefit from their positive effects. The same approach should be taken in case of tourism to identify its positive and negative effects. One of the most important social effects of ecotourism is its influence on the social relations and the relation patterns among people in the host society, which has unfortunately been ignored in the research on the social effects of ecotourism. Therefore, thepresent paper intends to investigate the effect of ecotourism on the social relations of ecotourism sector practitioners in Tabl village. Network analysis method was used to carry out the research and the required data were gathered through questionnaire. The networks were delineated and analyzed using Visone and Net Draw softwares and based on the cutpoints, the out degree centrality, and the centrality of the special vector. The results revealed that the practitioners of ecotourism sector in Tabl village, whoare in relation with the tourists andthere is a possibility for them to disconnect their relations with their community under the effect of other cultures, have conserved their relations with their community so that they trust their families in the highest order and their friends and the local trustworthy people were located in the next order. Although the ecotourism has no influence on the relations among relatives, the village network is not coherent and the relations among people are based on the tribalrelations. Therefore, employing people with the high centrality in the network will be helpful to increase trust and cooperation among them.