جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « تحرک اجتماعی بین نسلی » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

This article aims to investigate the predictors affecting intergenerational social mobility among women in Dehloran city. The method of this research is a survey and the data collection tool is a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study includes all women in Dehloran city. The samples included 373 women who were selected using Cochran's formula. In terms of time, this research was conducted in 2019-2020. Research instruments include the standard scale of social capital by Goshal and Nahapiet (1998), Lotfi's Destiny Scale (2008), Hezar Jaribi's Social Justice Scale (2011), Foroutan's Gender Stereotypes Scale (2016) and a researcher-made questionnaire to measure the intergenerational social mobility and media consumption. The validity and reliability indices of the model measurement section show that the model has a desirable goodness of fit. The results of structural equation modelling have also confirmed the effect of the variables of social capital, media consumption, destiny, gender stereotypes and the sense of social justice on the intergenerational social mobility of women. The results of the study indicate that the media consumption variable has the greatest impact on intergenerational social mobility, then, variables of destiny, gender stereotypes, sense of social justice and social capital are ranked. Also, research variables were able to explain 30.9% of the intergenerational social mobility changes.

One of the indicators of judging the development of a society is the social mobility especially, its ascending vertical type and the factors affecting it. This study aims at  investigating the role of speech skills, self-disclosure, writing skills, and the use of communication technologies in intergenerational social mobility. It is a quantitative research in which the survey method and the researcher-made questionnaire have been used. The statistical population included 5,240,090 people selected from Tehran's over-30-year-old citizens . The sample was 384 persons selected through Cochran's formula and Sampling was done in the form of multi-stage clusters. The results revealed that communication skills and population variables had affected the citizens’ intergenerational social mobility with a coefficient of 0.19. Writing skill with β: 0.23 and self-disclosure with β: 0.24 also had affected intergenerational social mobility. There was no significant relationship between speech skills and using communication technologies and intergenerational social mobility. Besides, gender variable with β: -0.34 and marital status variable with β: 0.11 had affected social mobility. Based on the t-test and considering gender variable, vertical intergenerational social mobility was more in men and considering marital status, it was more in singles. Tehran citizens’ communication skills were more than average and their intergenerational social mobility was ascending for men and descending for women.

The purpose of this paper was intended to study the impact embodied cultural capital and intergenerational mobility of individuals in the city of Gorgan. The research method used in this study is suevey. For collecting the data, researcher-made questionnaire and for determining the reliability of the questionnaire, face validity technique and content validity with help of CVR coefficient technique and for determing the reliability of the questions, cronbach (alpha) coefficient were used. After questionnaire design and implementation of a pilot between 30 and responsive, questioning the reliability using Cronbach alpha coefficient (0/82). The sample of this study consisted of all women and men aged between 30 to 54 resident in Gorgan who were 146238 people based on 2011 census. The research sample size was 384 people. Multi-stage random sampling method was used to select. The samples. K-S test was used to identify the type of statistical method. In addition, parametric statistics (Pearson coefficient) was used for normal distribution of data. Descriptive results showed that 8.6 percent of responders were found to have descending intergenerational mobility, while 24 percent had horizontal intergenerational mobility and 67.4 percent enjoyed ascending intergenerational mobility. Finally, while studying the research hypothesis which is the relationship between embodied cultural capital (subjective) and intergenerational mobility of individuals in the city of Gorgan, it was approved at more -than- 95% confidence coefficient level.

Social mobility indicates the dynamic aspect of the society and indicates the efforts and activities of every individual, group and institution in changing their social status, generally from lower to upper levels in society. The purpose of this article is to investigate the effect of objectified cultural capital on intergenerational social mobility in Gorgan city, Iran. The theoretical ground for this article is based on the cultural theory of Pierre Bourdieu. Bourdieu underscores the cultural roles such as cultural capital in the success and failure of the agents in work. According to the issues mentioned above, the questions of this study are as follows: 1) what kind of relationship is there between objectified cultural capital and social mobility level of the citizens in Gorgan? 2) What kind of effect does gender role have on social mobility level of citizens in Gorgan? 3) What is the status of horizontal, descending and ascending social mobility in Gorgan? In this article efforts and scientific studies were made to answer the questions raised above.
Theoretical Framework: The transition of an individual from one social status to another is called “social mobility”. The transition of an individual from a social status to a similar one is called “horizontal mobility”. The transition from one stratum to another, whether it is toward the upper or lower level is “vertical mobility”. There are two approaches based on the classic and modern theories of social strata and mobility. 1) Those who evaluate the various strata within the framework of social strata by defining their occupations.Sociologists who think status cannot be transformed to a particular stratum do not regard occupation as the only index for strata. Bourdieu identifies three types of cultural capital in his book The Forms of Cultural Capital: 1) Embodied cultural capital such as memory, experiential, behavioral and acquired skills are considered as physical and individual capitals. 2) Objectified cultural capital includes cultural and media objects which in fact are parts of one’s properties as well as one’s objectified abilities such as works of art and writing. 3) Institutionalized cultural capital suggests educational degrees. Academic proficiency brings with it symbolic and economic benefits such as a high salary and a high profile job. Professional degrees are examples of institutional capital.
This article is a survey study in terms of its method. In order to get the needed information, in-depth interview and questionnaire are used. To determine the content validity, content validity ratio (CVR) technique is used. After designing the questionnaire and pilot study among 30 participants, the reliability level of questions was calculated (82%) by Cronbach’s alpha. The unit of analysis is the respondent individual in this study. The statistical population includes all the men and women of 30 to 54 years of age in Gorgan, which according to the 2011 census was equal to 146238 people. The sample size was 384 people according to the Cochran’s sample size formula. To choose the samples, random multistage sampling was used.
Out of 384 participants in this study, 50.3 percent were men and 49.7 were women. In terms of group age, 20.3 percent were 30 to 34 years of age, 20.1 percent were 35 to 39 years of age, 19.8 percent were 45 to 49 years of age and 20.1 percent were 50 to 54 years of age and the average age was 42.3. The result of the Pearson Coefficient Correlation indicated that with 0.081 and with 0.119 level of significance, the research hypothesis 1 that there is a significant relationship between the objectified cultural capital and intergenerational social mobility of citizens in Gorgan is thus found: with 95 percent of confidence coefficient, the research hypothesis is rejected and the null hypothesis, that there is no relationship between the objectified cultural capital and intergenerational social mobility, is proved. According to the amount of the calculated t(2.638) and the level of significance (0.009), we can say that the research hypothesis (H1), that the gender of participants causes difference in the level of intergenerational social mobility,is proved with the confidence coefficient of more than 95 %; and the null hypothesis (H0), that the participants’ gender does not cause any difference in the level of intergenerational social mobility, is rejected.
Conclusion and Suggestions for Further Research: The results of the research showed that there is no relationship between the objectified cultural capital and the social mobility in Gorgan. According to the calculated mean, the level of intergenerational social mobility of men being equal to 3.050 out of 5 and that of women being 2.268 out of 5, we can conclude that men’s level of intergenerational social mobility was more than that of women’s. Of the total participants’ social mobility level, 8.6 percent was made up by descending intergenerational social mobility, 24 percent was made up by the horizontal intergenerational social mobility and 67.4 percent was made up by the ascending intergenerational social mobility.

Social mobility is defined as the displacement of individuals and groups between social classes or different occupation status. In this study, the impact of cultural factors, especially the work ethic and cultural capital on social mobility within a generation and between generations was investigated. Our finding indicates that 32.7 % of men of 35 to 64 years old in Tehran, have experienced upward mobility, 60 % have stayed the same and 5.8% of respondents have experienced downward mobility.
In addition, 49.83% of respondents had Inter-generation upward mobility. Downward Inter-generation mobility includes 22.1%, of respondents and 28% of them did not mention any mobility between two generations. Adjusted R Square in inter-generational mobility Regression is more than 69% and in Intra-generation model is over 15% and both of them are statistically significant. Among the variables of the research conceptual model: 1 - family economic capital ,2- family cultural capital ,3- Respondent's cultural capital and 4 - work ethics, first work ethics and then cultural capital had more direct effect in path analysis of social mobility.

The study of social mobility is part of urban studies. Iranian sociological investigations do not reflect much about the problem of women’s social mobility; while understanding the dynamics of women’s mobility and its extent can help in planning and policy-making within the framework of social studies. The present research probes into women’s inter-generation social mobility in an Iranian urban setting: that of the city of Tehran. This research measures girls’ inter-generation social mobility (the new generation), as compared to that of their mothers, by considering indices such as level of education, number of children, age of marriage, status of job, and the choice in spouse selection. Moreover, factors influencing inter-generation social mobility have also been analyzed and assessed. The findings show that the girls under the study (sample population) had greater upward inter-generation social mobility, as compared with their mothers. This is demonstrated by a comparison of values of indices of inter-generation social mobility with the earlier generations. This comparison indicated an increasing upward tendency. Among factors influencing such a tendency, the parents’ income was of paramount importance, within other independent variables. Whereas, so much as their grand mothers were concerned, the same importance was attached to the age of marriage.