جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « رژیم حقوقی » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

Caspian Sea legally is from the water of the coastal countries and it's ownership is limited to these countries. Before the collapse of the Soviet Union, Caspian Sea was used in common by Iran and Soviet Union. The laws of the Caspian Sea were based on the treaties in 1921 (Amity contract) and 1940 (Business and Trekking contract). For a while after Iran and Russian war, Turkmen chai Contract at 1838 regulated the relationship between Iran and Soviet Union around Caspian Lake. From 1921 to Soviet Union collapse, Amity and Business and Trekking contracts were as a legal source for regulating of these two countries behavior related to the Caspian Lake. After the contract between Iran and Soviet Union at 1940 they announced the Caspian as a common Lake between them. Following Soviet Union collapse and increasing the coastal countries from 2 to 5 ones, problems in the legal regime of the Caspian Sea were created. In this descriptive study the researcher investigated the position of Iran, Russian and newly independent coastal countries related to the Caspian Lake.

The Caspian sea is the biggest known source to have discovered in human's final quest to gain more energy. Except for Russia and Iran that, in terms of energy, have a lot of previously discovered sources, the eight newly independent central Asian countries and Caucasus, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan have proven sources of 14.7 to 31.3 billion oil barrels and 373 trillion cubic feet of gas. This is actually 2.7% of all established oil sources and 7% of gas sources in the world. The aim of this article is first to investigate the change process of the Caspian sea and then negotiation process and convections on legal regime of the Caspian sea. Finally Iran's foreign policies regarding the Caspian sea will be discussed.