جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Lived Experience » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of the educational package based on the lived experience of mothers with multi-disabled children with emotional dyslexia on the improvement of depression. 

The method of this research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research includes all mothers with multi-disabled children whose children were studying in Golhai Shiraz exceptional school in 1400-1401. Among the mothers, 30 mothers were selected as available and were randomly assigned to an experimental group (15 people) and a control group (15 people). Then, the pre-test of the research variables was carried out and the mothers of the experimental group were trained for 12 sessions on alexithymia. After the completion of the training, a post-test of the experimental and control groups was conducted. Research data were collected through alexithymia (Toronto, 1994) and depression (Beck, 1961) questionnaires. The data were analyzed by intragroup-intergroup multiple covariance analysis. 

The results showed that the alexithymia training program improved depression in mothers of children with multiple disabilities. 

Based on the findings, since the program developed in this research was based on the real experiences of mothers of children with multiple disabilities, and it was developed specifically for these mothers, and the psychometric features of the program were confirmed by experts in this field, and in a way, it was related to the issues and it has addressed the psychological problems of mothers and the behavioral problems of children, it has been more effective.

Subjectivity is the reflexive experience of awareness and individual agency in interaction with oneself and with others in the real, symbolic, and institutional realms. This study aims to comprehend the social and semantic complexities of the subjectivity of Kurdish women. The research employed theoretical sampling and in-depth individual interviews with 43 Kurdish women, supplemented by the formation of a focus group consisting of six individuals, within the interpretive-constructivist approach and grounded theory method framework. The findings reveal that the subjectivity of Kurdish women can be grasped through the central phenomenon of suspension. This experience was categorized into four concepts: suspension of cognition and agency, suspension of lived experience, conscious suspension of fear, and suspension as a strategy. Contextual conditions and institutional relations encompass normative institutions, regulatory institutions, minority status, and economic status while intervening conditions include experiences of subjugation, social connections, and available resources. Three types of strategies emerged: protection strategy, resistance strategy, and negotiation. Ultimately, this study demonstrates the intricate nature of subjectivity in Kurdish women's experiences, depicting it as fluid, mixed, and multifaceted, and existing within three categories of female subjectivity, passive-unembodied-internal subjectivity vs. embodied/active subjectivity, and delocalized subjectivity.

Vocational training and employment of criminals is one of the most widely used programs in prisons for re-socialization, correction and rehabilitation. The purpose of this study is a sociological analysis of the narratives of female prisoners working in vocational training and employment units. The method of this research is a qualitative phenomenological study that was conducted using a semi-structured interview. The samples include 16 women who were convicted and were in prison during the months of October to March 2017, which was obtained by using theoretical saturation in determining the sample size and snowball sampling method. Narrative analysis was used to analyze the data obtained from in-depth interviews. Findings show that female prisoners mentioned the most important motivation for attending employment units with categories such as avoiding the monotony of attendance in rooms and daily discipline, using benefits such as visits and telephone calls and leave. In conclusion, this study states that in order to re-socialize female prisoners, pay attention to the talents and creativity of prisoners and generally design programs from the bottom up and pay wages according to labor law and ensuring government support after release, are topics that are ignored by the respondents during the employment of prisoners

The corona pandemic caused many changes in social and family life, which affected the roles of working mothers. This study was conducted with the aim of knowing the lived experience of working mothers and focusing on the changes and conflicts of family and work roles of mothers before and during the pandemic.

The research method is qualitative and phenomenological. The studied community are mothers working in the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology (who have experienced the role of mothers before and during the outbreak of the Corona virus). And 15 working mothers have been questioned by purposeful non-random and snowball sampling methods until theoretical saturation is reached. The research tool is a semi-structured face-to-face interview, which is based on the research questions of all the interviews, coded, categorized, and then categorized and concluded.

The results of the study show that during the corona pandemic, there have been changes in women's maternal and occupational roles, which have sometimes led to conflict and role pressure. The diminution of the role of schools, kindergartens and leisure centers, the possibility of remote working and reduced working hours, the reduction of family support and the reduction of social connections due to the spread of the disease have been influential in this field. More presence of mother and sometimes father has led to more cooperative work and a new way of organizing family and work life, and caring, educating and entertaining children has been one of its most important tasks.

Today, the concept of power has acquired new epistemological and ontological dimensions and has become more explanatory. The complex relationship between power and resistance has led to the criticism of the concept of resistance and the development of alternative concepts. The purpose of this paper is to first provide a brief overview of power, resistance, and alternative concepts of resistance as well as to analyze 20 narratives of single girls living in Tehran, Iran, using an interpretative hermeneutic approach. These narrations illustrate their experiences with power relations in their everyday lives. In order to achieve this goal, the study has examined the family, the university, the workplace, and the public environment. The finding showed that power encounters can take three forms: receptiveness to power, powerlessness, and resistance. According to the findings, the concept of resistance is fundamentally inadequate. According to the results, subjects did not have a fixed or integrated identity. They could be receptive, powerless or resistant according to their interpretation of power relationships.

Today the static concept of the family has turned into a dynamic concept in light of social and cultural changes in Iranian society. Therefore, the method of solving marital conflicts in the family has also changed from consulting the elders to focusing on  social institutions. Counseling center is one of these institutions that women refer to address marital problems. The purpose of this research is to study the women’s experience of visiting a counseling center in Isfahan using a qualitative method based on narrative analysis technique. The research population consisted of all the women with marital conflict in Isfahan who had referred to the counseling center for their conflict problem in 2021. A sample of n=17 people was selected and data was collected through in-depth interview. Data analysis was conducted using problem solving method. In this study, 5 main themes and 22 sub-themes were identified. The main themes were characters, location, problem, action and solution. According to the findings of this research, women's experience of counseling is a problem-oriented experience suggesting that they, rather than looking for pain, are trying to address their problems rationally. As such, when their problems are solved, they continue the counseling; otherwise, they change their counselor or stop it altogether. Therefore, this counseling is meant to reach a desirable solution for life, for most of the women referring to the centers, the counseling process has resulted in a solution.

Understanding inferiority and the issues arising from it is one of the important concerns of social sciences. The most important groups that always experience and live with inferiority are children, women (especially female heads of households), and elderly people. The current research aims to study the lived experience of female heads of households covered by positive life centers of the Kashan Welfare Organization. The theoretical approach of the research is influenced by the findings of Freire, Gramsci and Margaret Ledwitt. By combining Freire, Gramsci’s, ideas, and Ledwit’ points to a model of community-oriented development and bottom-up development that has elements of appreciation for getting rid of poverty, critical awareness of people involved in poverty, emphasis on the issue of social justice and environmental sustainability.

The research approach is of a qualitative type, and in-depth interviews were conducted to collect data, and thematic analysis method was used for data analysis.

The findings show that women experience inferiority in the themes and concepts such as belief in the existence of discrimination in society, feelings of helplessness, insecure economic conditions, feelings of powerlessness, unstable family relationships, thirst for external support, and non-empowering organizational supports.

Due to their unstable economic conditions and the fact that they are discriminated in the society, such women are deprived of access to the sources of power in the society and they always feel helpless, and this factor causes them not only to get out of this cycle of poverty and They do not take action, but their dependence on external support increases.

Over three decades after the war's resolution, ordinary women compelled to leave their homeland and subsequently reside in distant cities remain largely absent from narratives, research, and historiography. The most prominent texts on women's war experiences convey the narrative of women who were "decisive and influential," and who were able to make their voices heard due to their proximity to centers of power. Humanities research has focused exclusively on these published texts in the form of women's memoirs, avoiding direct reference to the enormous number of women who survived and lived through the war. Due to this gap in the discourse of war, this study attempted to address the lived experiences of 32 of these women directly by referring to those who live in Mashhad's Shahid Beheshti Town. In addition to analyzing the gender existence of the participants, structural concerns such as class, economic status, ethnicity, and culture are explored with the theoretical approach of "feminist phenomenology" and adherence to "positional subjectivity." The gathered narratives are evaluated in a narrative fashion using a "structuralist narrative" approach, and the "central narrative," which comprises the experiences of all participants, is narrated in three sections: "Facing War," "Survival Struggle," and "Reviving Life and Striving to Improve It."

The purpose of this research is to investigate the challenges of citizenship education based on the perception of Afghan immigrant students, with the aim of describing and interpreting the lived experiences of the components of citizenship education. The research method included the community of parents and students in the primary level of the 4th district of Alborz province, including 6 immigrant girls and 10 immigrant boys. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview that has been continued until data saturation and analyzed using the Strabert and Carpenter method. After analyzing the data and removing the common codes, a conceptual code that expressed the experiences of the participants was extracted and categorized into 10 main themes. The findings of the present research indicate that the responses of the interviewees can be classified in the areas of environmental protection, based on the analysis of the interviews, indicating the themes of environmental protection, rights and duties of citizenship, empathy, responsibility, respect for the rights of others, cooperation, discrimination, the spirit of seeking justice, criticizing and accepting criticism, and establishing communication are the themes. The themes of discrimination, empathy, cooperation, communication are the themes that the interviewees had the most challenges regarding the quality and quantity of it, according to the experience in education in Iran, is significant based on the analysis of the above themes, gender bias in favor of men and the marginal role of women is one of the distinct distinctions of the interviewees.

The media plays an effective role in institutionalizing values and forming or changing national identity as the largest level of identity and acts as a variable lever of national identity. The aim of the current research was to analyze the role of mass and social media in the construction of national identity according to the students' lived experience, which was done with a phenomenological approach. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of the nature of the data. The statistical population of the research included all students of the first and second secondary courses in Ardabil city. The sample size was 17 students who were selected by purposeful sampling based on the principle of theoretical saturation and then the data were analyzed based on thematic analysis. The findings showed that based on the lived experience of the participants, the gap between knowledge, attitude and behavior towards national identity was evident in mass and social media; So that the national identity and its dimensions among teenagers whose dominant media is social media is less than among teenagers whose dominant media is mass media. Teenagers with the dominant use of mass media have tried to protect the traditional sources of national identity, on the other hand, the teenagers with the dominant use of social media represented themselves in favor of global or cosmopolitan identity.

Perception and experience of gender as an established pattern can play a significant role in individuals' social and educational actions. This study focuses on exploring the lived experiences of female students from childhood. The research method employed is qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The sample consists of seventeen female students from Tehran. The sample size was determined based on theoretical saturation principle. Data collection was done through semi-structured interviews, and data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis. After gathering the data, the narratives of the students regarding their experiences of girlhood were coded and categorized. Three main themes emerged from the interviews, which further yielded nine sub-themes and twenty-three concepts during the analysis. The main themes include femininity traits, girlhood issues, and girlhood agency. The sub-themes encompass exclusive traits of girls, gender differences, being a good girl, gender discrimination, gender perspectives, gender stereotypes, changing attitudes, family role in issues, and girlhood strategies. Examining the lived experiences of girls reveals that although the examined samples reproduce some of the common emotional and behavioral characteristics associated with girlhood, the students' narratives indicate that they face limitations and deprivation in society due to their gender. Moreover, they feel a sense of injustice and discrimination in their social and daily lives. The students under study express dissatisfaction with the societal misconceptions about girls and demand more agency and empowerment for girls in society.

The present study seeks to understand the lived experience of girls in the city of Tehran from the generational gap that have taken place in the society. In the last few decades, according to the changes in the cultural structure of the society, a favorable environment has been created for changes in the values and attitudes of social groups, especially the new generations of the Iranian society. The conceptual framework in the current research is based on the views of thinkers in the field of generational difference and value changes of generations. The qualitative research method is an interpretive phenomenological type, based on which 20 girls from the 70s were interviewed through the purposeful sampling method, and the data were analyzed and interpreted using the thematic analysis method. The results show that the girls of the 70s of Tehran, as a new generation, have special lived experiences such as: being cosmopolitan, religious modernism, becoming secular, modern lifestyle, modernity and modern identity, living in a plural and distinct world, and homeless mind. . In general, the generation of the seventies adjusts its life based on the values and beliefs of the modern world and adjusts and organizes its lived experiences accordingly.

Empowerment refers to a process in which women have access to material and non-material resources and can influence their lives, choices and abilities. Empowerment has two dimensions, static and dynamic, and agency has an important effect in this process. In other words, empowerment includes three concepts of agency, processes/achievements and results. Empowerment has various economic, social, educational, personal and psychological dimensions and occurs when women can challenge the existing norms and culture and improve their lives. The above research was conducted with the aim of understanding the lived experiences of Kerman women of empowerment with the phenomenological method. In this research, interviews were conducted with 13 women who participated in the empowerment projects of Kerman, and these women were mainly people who were somehow involved in poverty and economic issues, and the text of the interviews after implementation in the software. Max Kyuda was coded, and finally 14 themes were extracted, which are: paradox of the big other, lack of cost in the predicted profession, failure of financial empowerment, perception of skill improvement, emergence of hope, feeling of being seen, equality and mutual respect, melting horizon. effective learning experience, synergy, enthusiasm for group activity, work as leisure, perception of incompleteness and discontinuity, perception of weak organization.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the lived experience of women who file for divorce with a substance-dependent spouse.

The present study was a qualitative study based on a phenomenological approach. The statistical population was women applying for divorce with a substance-dependent spouse in Tehran in 2023, and 17 subjects were selected based on purposive sampling and using the technique of data saturation. Data collection was done through in-depth semi-structured interviews and the data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

In this study, after extracting key phrases and words from the interview text, 4 main themes and 16 sub-themes were extracted. The main themes included marital dissatisfaction, emotional separation, forced divorce, and concern for the future of themselves and their children.

The families and especially the spouses of male substance users need comprehensive understanding and support as they are exposed to extreme personal and social vulnerability. These results give the treatment team a new perspective to understand more realistically the families of substance-dependent patients and their real problems.

The present study aims to understand the lived experience of female heads of households from mothering. The current research followed a qualitative approach and phenomenological method. Fifteen mothers who were heads of households in Marand city and supported by welfare organizations were selected through the purposive sampling method, with whom deep and semi-structured interviews were conducted. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s method. The lived experience of female heads of households from mothering were classified under the five main themes of "worried mothering", "maternal sacrifice", "identity while playing multiple and conflicting roles", "double financial pressure", and "abnormal adaptation". Thirteen sub-themes were also found, namely "feeling worried about the child's future","intolerance of the child's discomfort", "expressing regret for becoming a mother", "dedication and self-sacrifice", "tolerating hardship for being with a child", "reluctance to remarry because of the child", "the role of fathering, head of household,  and mothering", "inability to meet needs", "child abuse and punishment", "stigma and sexual greed", "exclusion of family and acquaintances", and "hiding identity". The maternal experience of female heads of households is associated with many challenges in their personal, family, and social lives. After accepting the role of the heads of the household, they perform the duties of mothering and fathering together, which are beyond the duties of a mother alone. They experience special difficulties due to economic, social, and cultural pressures and multiplicity of duties. Adopting appropriate measures and policies in the economic, socio-cultural, and psychological fields is essential for policymakers and support institutions to empower mother heads of households so that they can fulfill their role as mothers with fewer worries.

The present study sought to phenomenologically review the life experience of women in polygamous families and describe their lived experiences. A descriptive phenomenology study was conducted, and the field of study consisted of polygamous families of Minab in Hormozgan Province, Iran. Purposeful sampling method and snowball method were used. Semi-structured interviews were performed with 33 women who had lived in such families for many years, and their narratives were analyzed using the Colaizzi analysis technique.Data analysis revealed five key concepts of ruined life, maladaptive emotional reactions, spiritual and mental disorders, second wife, the favorite, tranquility in life, and encounter with co-wife from strife to pity; there were also 17 secondary concepts and 105 primary concepts. The results manifested that today the phenomenon of polygamy is no longer an acceptable norm for women in the study field, in contrary to the perception that it was considered as a cultural and relativistic matter. today the phenomenon of polygamy is no longer an acceptable norm for women in the study field, in contrary to the perception that it was considered as a cultural and relativistic matter. This phenomenon is considered as painful for women with identical conditions, religion, and culture as it is perceived as painful for other women with different religions and conditions; this is a completely internal matter for all women.

From the phenomenological point of view, the life-world of every human is a place he lives in. Place and human not only are against each other, but also they are sincerely acquainted and reflect each other. So place considers as a "everyday life phenomenon" that human lived experiences are formed in it. As the lived experiences are formed directly without voluntary thinking, they are the reliable source for achieving the desired features of the place. The purpose of this study was to explain the characteristics of the place based on the lived experiences of its users. This research seeks to answer the question that based on lived experiences, what are the characteristics of a space to become a place in the heart of the city?In this research, Shohada square of Mashhad has been chosen as a case study. To answer the question of the research, we have used Moustakas phenomenological research method. This Study composed of two parts: theoretical and field researches. The theoretical part includes the available information about phenomenology of place. The field part is taken from open and semi-structured interviews with sixty participants. After providing textural and structural descriptions and combining them together, six basic characteristics of the place was achieved: Introversion, Centrality, Enclosure, Density and Objectivity.

Purpose:

One of the most important characteristics of contemporary society is the increasing trend of women's employment and their entry into the field of economic partnerships. Simultaneously with the arrival of modernity in Iran, women redefine their identity in the struggle between tradition and modernity in the shadow of social transformations. The consequences of gender in women's employment are clear things, which becomes highlighted with the passage of time and the presence of more women in various fields of employment. On the other hand, the presence of women in Iran's labor market has gone through ups and downs but in all these ups and downs, it is certain that women have had a very impressive presence in the fields of knowledge and learning, and this shows that they have understood the need to be present in the society to improve their status and make an impact. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the lived experience of female employees of Karaj city of gender discrimination in the workplace.

The current research is applied in terms of its purpose, and in terms of method, qualitative and sampling method in this research is in the form of a snowball using semi-structured and phenomenological interviews. The statistical population of the research was 15 female employees of Karaj city. In order to analyze the data, the seven-step Claysey method was used. In this way, based on the first three stages of the Claysey method, the concepts deduced from the interview with the participants were placed in 155 codes. In the next step, it was tried to place the extracted codes in the specific categories of the subject. For this purpose, first, sub-categories were created, and from their integration, sub-categories were formed from the combination of several sub-categories, finally, the main concepts of the research were created. Next, by juxtaposing the corresponding codes extracted from the above tables, the main concepts were identified, which is actually a combination of several codes.

34 concepts were identified and three main categories were obtained, which were the underlying roots of gender inequality, consequences of gender inequality, and strategies to deal with gender inequality. It also turned out that gender discrimination in the workplace has many consequences that may lead to a decrease in the productivity and overall performance of the organization or the loss of capable and effective workforce, as well as lack of motivation and frustration among employees and cases like that. In this research, it was found that psychological problems, exploitation of women and decline in productivity at work are the consequences of gender inequality in women's work environment

Mourning the survivors of the deceased person helps to reconstruct the memories related to him in the collective minds on the one hand, And on the other hand, it helps them with the harsh reality of death in a more rational way so that they can endure the lack of experience and the loss of him and live a happier life. But during the period of Covid-19, with the spread of the phenomenon of virtual mourning, for many survivors, the issue of mourning became more complicated Social structures. During this period, issues such as saying goodbye without farewell, mourning without consolation, complicated mourning and many other issues were raised to point out the problematic nature of virtual mourning. The subject of the current research was to analyze the lived experience of the bereaved in virtual mourning. Interpretive phenomenology method was used to analyze the findings. In general, after analyzing the data Seven categories "liberation, sterile mourning, coexistence of traditional and virtual mourning, double loss, rupture of mourning, formal peace and connection with the deceased" were extracted.

Although the pursuit of beauty is a historical social behavior, but drawing beauty features and marketing for cosmetic surgery, is a new challenge that results in professional failure for surgeons and socio-psychological damage for patients-clients. The purpose of the research is to know the marketing angles of cosmetic surgeries based on women's lived experience.

This is a transcendental phenomenological qualitative research with Moustakas model, and based on the Purposeful sampling of 11 female patient- customer who had experienced at least one cosmetic surgery in a part of their body within 12 months before the interview. The data was collected in the cosmetic surgery clinics of Zanjan city by semi-structured interview until theoretical saturation was reached. Data coding was done with MAXQDA.20 software, data validation was done through researcher reflexivity (reflexive-accounting), and peer debriefing (peer review) was also conducted in this research.

Angles of the Market-seeking phenomenon, emerged in seven main themes and 26 sub-themes. influence situation, in five themes of internet seduction, advice of market-seeker and definitive, embedding the surgery market in society, positioning of surgery, intervening conditions; and affected situation by the phenomenon in two themes of social and relational disorder, and mental breakdown and disorder appeared, and came together in the super-theme of "multidimentional and entangled market-seeking" which represents the essence of the phenomenon.

Cosmetic surgery market-seeking, is an "entangled phenomenon" that creates a gap between subjective perceptions and objective results of the surgery, and it also have some impacts on patient-customer and surgeons. Market-seeking adjustments are recommended through the formulation and education of medical ethics and emancipatory gender education.