جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Routine Activities theory » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

Adolescents are particularly susceptible to suicidal tendencies. Suicide, the tragic outcome of a process that commences with suicidal thoughts, is a serious concern. Studies indicate that approximately one-third of individuals, who contemplate suicide, will eventually make an attempt on their own lives. Suicidal ideation is a significant predictor for suicide attempts. Various empirical studies have demonstrated a positive correlation between cyberbullying victimization and suicidal behavior. Typically, cyber stalking victims are young with college students being at a heightened risk. This study aimed to investigate the impact of cyber victimization as a stressor on suicidal ideation. To accomplish this objective, the research drew upon two theoretical frameworks: theory of Cohen and Felson's Routine Activities and theory of Robert Agnew's General Strain. According to Cohen and Felson's theory, the presence of three elements—target attractiveness, proximity to motivated offenders, and absence of capable guardians—contributes to criminal behavior and delinquency (in this case, cyber victimization). This theory was employed to explore the factors underlying cyber victimization. Furthermore, Agnew's strain theory posits that cyber victimization serves as a source of strain, leading to the development of negative emotions in individuals. According to this theory, the emergence of negative emotions can precipitate deviant behaviors, such as suicidal ideation and suicide.

This study employed a cross-sectional survey as its research method, utilizing a questionnaire to gather data. The research population comprised all students enrolled at Mazandaran University during the years of 1400-1401. A total of 426 questionnaires were collected and after excluding incomplete or unreliable responses, 400 questionnaires were subjected to analysis. The sampling technique employed in this research was stratified random sampling proportionate to the population size and categorized by gender. The data were analyzed using mean comparison tests and multiple regression with the assistance of SPSS software.

In line with the theory of Routine Activities, criminal incidents occur when three elements converge in time and space: a motivated offender encountering a suitable target in the absence of a capable guardian. Consequently, victimization is elucidated by the convergence of suitability and access to a motivated offender in the absence of a capable protector. The research findings demonstrated that the presence of online target attractiveness, online proximity to motivated offenders, and absence of capable guardians contribute to an escalation in cyber victimization. According to the theory of General Strain, cyber victimization as a source of strain induces negative emotions in individuals. This theory posits that suicide is influenced by an individual's level of strain and his/her capacity to manage it through lawful means. The research results indicated that cyber victimization has a detrimental impact on negative emotions. Furthermore, the findings confirmed that negative emotions have a direct correlation with students' suicidal ideation. Agnew contended that men are more inclined than women to respond to strain with criminal or delinquent behavior. Conversely, women are more prone to exhibit self-destructive behavior in response to strain. The study's results aligned with this assertion, revealing that girls experiencing negative emotions are more likely to have suicidal ideation compared to boys experiencing similar emotions.

Currently, Cyberstalking victimization is a problem all over the world which has been increasing in Iran as well. The present study, based on Routine Activities Theory, examines the causes of the Cyberstalking victimization among Mazandaran University students. The research method of the current study is survey using a questionnaire as a data collection tool. A total of 374 students of Mazandaran University in the academic year of 1963-97 were selected through stratified sampling method. The findings indicate that there is a significant difference between girls and boys in rates of Cyberstalking victimization. Boys are more likely to be victims of Cyberstalking victimization than girls, while girls are more likely to be victims of financial and sexual Cyberstalking victimization. The results of the regression analysis showed that the variables of this study were able to explain 26 percent of the Cyberstalking Victimization changes among students. Of all the variables entered in the regression, three variables of “online offender’s lifestyle” and “direct online protection” and “online proximity to offenders” have a significant effect on Cyberstalking victimization.

The purpose of this study is to assess deviant behaviors among Mazandaran University students by Routine Activities theory and to examine the applicability of Routine Activities theory to deviant behaviors and individual offending. Although routine activities theory known as one of the most important theories in study of deviant behaviors, but most routine activities studies rely on victimization and thus far relatively little attention has been given to the applicability of routine activities theory for studying individual offending and deviant behaviors. Unlike most studies that have used routine activities theory to explain victims and victimization, in this study the routine activities theory is used to explain individual offending and deviant behaviors of students. Data used in this research were collected from a survey of 393 students of Mazandaran University in 2015. The findingsindicates that there is significant differences between males and females in the incidence of deviant behaviors, so that deviant behaviors among male students is more than deviant behaviors among females. The findings also indicates that variables of routine activities theory can explain deviant behaviors among students well. The result of regression analysis showed that variables have been able to assess 44 percent of changes in deviant behaviors among students. Among all variables that entered in regression model, “intensity attachment to delinquent friends” and “unstructured activities” have a significant positive impression on deviant behaviors and “presence of authority figures” has a significant negative impression on deviant behaviors. Also “intensity attachment to delinquent friends” is the most important variable to explain the deviant behaviors.