جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « self-concept » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

In various contexts, the scope and boundaries of coverage are influenced by multiple factors at both micro and macro levels of society. Therefore, this study adopts a novel approach to examining the type of coverage for female students, focusing on the impact of two variables: spirituality as a cultural-social variable at the macro level and self-perception as a human cognitive variable at the micro level. The study employs a combination of library research and field surveys, utilizing software such as SPSS, PLS 3, and Excel. The study population consists of 1001 female students, with a sample size of 277. The findings reveal a significant relationship between spirituality and self-perception, as well as between self-perception and type of coverage, as indicated by the Spearman test. The t-test value demonstrates that spirituality directly influences individuals' self-perception, with spirituality accounting for 0.230 of the variance in self-perception based on the coefficient of determination (r2). Similarly, self-perception explains 0.125 of the variance in type of coverage. With a path coefficient of -0.496 and a t-value of 5.456, spirituality significantly impacts self-perception. Likewise, self-perception significantly influences type of coverage, with a path coefficient of -0.379 and a t-value of 3.245. Among the dimensions of spirituality, spiritual needs emerge as the most influential, while among the dimensions of self-perception, social skills are identified as the most significant.

Considering the important role of spiritual and religious matters in the cognitive emotion regulation, the present research was conducted to identify the role of God-image/God-concept and self-image/self-concept in predicting adaptive and maladaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation. The method of this research is a descriptive correlation type. The participants included 250 students The Shahed university that were selected by convenience sampling method. God image – self image questionnaire for spiritual interventions, Cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. The correlation results show that there is a significant correlation between the variables of God-image/ God-concept, Self-image/Self-concept and cognitive emotion regulation, and multiple regression shows that this regression model predicts 17.7% of the variance of adaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation and 15.5% of the variance of maladaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation .Discussion and The results show that self-concept in a positive direction and self-image in a negative direction significantly predicts adaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation. Also, God-concept and self-concept in a negative direction and God-image and self-image in a positive direction significantly predicts maladaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation.

The theory of learned helplessness was presented by Martin Seligman in the late 60s and the early 70s. According to this theory, the previous mental learning had a tremendous impact on future performance. Learned helplessness is a cognitive process that teaches people that staying in such a state leads them to passivity and inactivity, and can keep people stuck in the quagmire of backwardness. Previously, some authors presented articles on the theory of learned helplessness and development, but in this article, the connection between the two and the effect that learned helplessness has on self-concept is discussed. The purpose of this article is to identify the factors that play a role in the lack of development of societies in order to guide them to the path of development by raising developed people. In this research, there is a kind of correlation and causal relationship between two variables: the independent variable - the role of learned helplessness - on the dependent variable - development process. The method of collecting data is in the form of library and documentary studies. The difference between the real self and the ideal self is the beginning of tension and intellectual conflict, and such a process is associated with the thinking that no matter how much effort is made to get out of helplessness, success and progress will not be achieved, and this is exactly the basics that Seligman teaches us in Learned Helplessness.

Social anxiety disorder refers to an overt and persistent fear of social or functional situations. Self-concept can play a significant role in explaining social anxiety. This study aimed to determine the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between self-concept and social anxiety of female students of the Isfahan University of Technology. The present study indicated a correlation scheme and the method of structural equations was used based on the partial least squares approach. A sample of 300 female students from the Isfahan University of Technology was selected by voluntary sampling method. The Nef Self-Compassion Scale, Beck, et al.'s (1990) Self-Esteem Scale, and Connor et al.'s (2000) Social Anxiety Inventory were used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 25 and AMOS version 22. The results showed that compassion reduces social anxiety by 22.3% of the path between self-concept and social anxiety. In addition, self-compassion has a minor mediating role in the relationship between self-concept and social anxiety (p <0.05). Self-compassion has a minor mediating role in the social anxiety of female students (p <0.05). Self-concept has a negative effect on students' social anxiety (p <0.05). Finally, the importance of self-concept in explaining social anxiety and self-compassion has a mediating role between self-concept and social anxiety.

The present study aims at predicting identity styles in adolescent girls based on their self-esteem and self-concept. The research method was descriptive of correlative type, and the statistical  population  consisted of 15 year older girls and in Qom City. Among the statistical population, 130 subjects were selected through available sampling. To gather data, we used Roger’s self-concept questionnaire (1957), Coopersmith self-esteem inventory, and G6-ISI identity styles (White, Wampler, and Wayne, 1998). The data were analyzed using the SPSS software as well as the descriptive and inferential statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequency, correlation coefficient and multiple regression. The result of regression showed that self-esteem predicts 2% and the self-concept predicts 12% of the identity styles among adolescent girls.

The present research aimed to compare defense mechanisms, early maladaptive schemas, and self-concept between individuals with and without drug dependence.

The present research was causal-comparative. A number of 80 people of individuals referring to drug independent and outpatient treatment centers in the city of Rasht were selected by non-probability and purposeful sampling method and answered the questionnaires of early maladaptive schemas (short form), the defense styles, and the self-concept.

The results showed that there was a significant difference between individuals with and without drug dependence in the studied variables so that drug-dependent individuals had significantly higher scores on the subscales of mental ability, physical attractiveness, and social skills, as well as significantly lower scores on the subscales of job efficiency and pros and cons than drug-independent individuals. In addition, the drug-dependent group scored significantly higher only on neurotic defense mechanisms than the normal group, and no significant difference was found between them in immature and mature mechanisms. Finally, the drug-dependent group scored significantly higher than the normal group on the subscales of disconnection and rejection, impaired autonomy and performance, impaired limits, and over-vigilance and inhibition, but no significant difference was observed in the other-directedness subscale between the two groups.

Weak dimensions of self-concept, the use of neurotic defense mechanisms, and higher levels of early maladaptive schemas can be possible high-risk factors underlying individuals’ tendency to drug use.

This study aims to identify the intensity and types of online love in cyberspace in the shadow of social characteristics of users. Ideas of Sternberg, Lee, Bawman, Illuze, Giddens and Ben Zeev about Love are consiers as the theoretical base of the research. Statistical population contains all citizens of Kashan city in 2020, out of which 384 persons were selected via a non-probability sampling method. Findings showed that different types of online love have been formed in cyberspace, although the amount and intensity of love in these species are different from each other. The most common and widespread type of online love among the respondents was the love of fun and entertainment (Ludus), and it followed by pragmatic and matchmaking loves respectively.At the same time, the widespresd types of online love differ according to the age of respondants, their marital status, level of education, friendship duration and their jobs. Interestingly, the infidelity love contains only 4% of the total amount of online romantic relationships. Moreover, there is a relationship between the types of online love with the attitudes toward the Internet and the Internet environments.

The present study aimed to compare irrational beliefs, self-concept, and spiritual well-being in divorced and normal women. This research was causal-comparative. The statistical population was all divorced women covered by the welfare organization and ordinary women of Shiraz city. The sample group consisted of 120 people in two groups (60 divorced women and 60 normal women). The available sampling method was used to determine the sample size in the group of divorced women. The purposeful method was used for normal women to compare the group of normal women with divorced women. Jones' irrational beliefs questionnaire, Rogers' self-concept questionnaire, Polotzin's and Ellison's spiritual well-being questionnaire, were analyzed. The collected data were evaluated at two levels (descriptive statistics and inferential statistics). At the level of statistics, mean and standard deviation were used, and at the level of inferential statistics, multivariate analysis of variance has used. The result showed that there is a significant difference between irrational beliefs, self-concept, and spiritual well-being in divorced and normal women. Irrational beliefs in women with a history of divorce are higher than in normal women, and the mean of self-concept variables and spiritual well-being in women with a history of divorce is lower than in normal women. The average of irrational beliefs and their dimensions (including helplessness against change, the expectation of approval from others, problem avoidance, and emotional irresponsibility) are higher in women with a history of divorce than in normal women. There is a significant difference between self-concept in women with a history of divorce and normal women. The average spiritual well-being and its dimensions (existential health and religious health) are lower in women with a history of divorce than in normal women. Based on the results, on the need to pay attention to the irrational beliefs of self-concept and spiritual well-being, it is suggested that these structures be implemented in pre-marriage training classes to prevent the occurrence of problems and increase people's awareness of the role of these variables in joint life.

The purpose of this study is to examine the life skills of the library, self-concept and perception of the competence of female budget students. Research method of quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test with budget control group. The statistical population of this study included all third grade elementary school girls in District 18 who were selected using multi-stage random sampling method and finally remained as a sample group during the fall of 32 people who were divided into two experimental groups and Controls were divided (16 in the experimental group, 16 in the control group). The experimental group performed a life skills training program for 20 sessions of 45 minutes and the control group was in a non-intervention condition. The experimental and control groups were then followed up for a period of 2 months. Data collection tools were Harter (1982) Perception of Competence and Child and Adolescent Resilience (28) and Pears-Harris (1965) Self-Concept. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance and pairwise comparison. The results showed that life skills training is effective on the perception of competence and self-concept and has caused a significant increase in them; But there is no significant difference between the mean post-test scores and resilience follow-up in the experimental group and the control group. Therefore, based on the results, it is possible to use life skills training for self-concept and perception of competence.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between family function and children’s self-concept with regard to parents’ religious attitude. The method of this study was descriptive-correlational and regression equations were used to investigate the moderating model. The statistical population includes all male and female students of fourth, fifth and sixth grades of Yazd city and their parents who are educated in public and non-public schools. The statistical population of the study was 37000 people. Using Morgan table, 380 people were selected by stratified random sampling. To measure the variables, the Family Functioning Assessment (FAD) scale, the Pierce and Harris Child Self-Concept Scale (CSCS), and the Religious Attitude Questionnaire (RS) were used to collect data. Correlation analysis and regression were used to analyze the results. The results showed that parents ‘religious attitude had a moderating role on the relationship between family function and children’s self-concept and the interaction effect of family function with parents’ religious attitude on children’s self-concept was significant. Also, the sum of family performance variables, parents’ religious attitudes and their interactive effects predict 30% of children’s self-concept changes. The results also indicated that the correlation matrix and simple and paired variables were significant and each of the variables of family functioning and parents’ religious attitude alone could significantly predict children’s self-concept. In general, the results of the present study imply the role of family functioning and parents’ religious attitudes on the quality of children’s self-concept and reinforce (positive moderate) the family’s religious attitude toward enhancing children’s self-concept.

Present study has investigated the possibility of love formation in cyberspace and its extent in users' Internet interactions. The theoretical framework of the research consists mainly of the theories of Ben Ze-ev, Illouz, Anderson, McKenna and Brigell about online love. The main research method is survey and the statistical population is the citizens of Kashan in 2020, from which a sample of 384 people were selected and studied by stratified sampling method. Findings showed that although this research was conducted in a relatively traditional society such as Kashan, but in this environment, cyberspace is bedrock for romantic interactions and in it, we see the formation of online love at an average level relatively. The results also show that the intensity of online love in terms of variables such as education, age, marital status, type of attitude to the Internet, type of employment and duration of online friendships are not the same and show significant differences.

The purpose of present  study was to determine the relationship between responsibility and academic engagement by mediation of self-concept among the Warfare Victims’ Children High School of East Azarbaijan Province. The research design was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population consisted of all students of the sacrificial children who were studying in the schools of East Azarbaijan during the academic year of 1397-98. out of this population, 332 individuals were selected through multi-stage random sampling. Data were gathered using an Academic Fredricks engagement questionnaire (2004), Kourdloo responsbility questionnaire (2010), and Beck and Steer self-concept questionnaire (1978). Hierarchical regression analysis and Sobel test were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that there is a significant statistical relationship between academic engagment with responsibility and self concept. Responsibility alone accounts for only 7%, but with the concept of self-control, 23% of the variance in academic engagment. The Sobel test showed that the effect of the self consept as a mediator was significant [P <0.01, z = 6.26). The notion of self as mediator plays a role in the relationship between academic passion and responsibility

Social harms in any society is considered as one of the main threatening factors of the social system and is one of the factors slowing down the development cycle and in some cases its deterrent. Therefore, success in dealing with social harms represents success in developing and improving the social life of society. One of these harms, which is itself the result of the development of society and the spread of information and communication technology, is the victimization in cyberspace. Therefore, the present study was conducted to identify the relationship between individual and family factors as well as peers with victimization in cyberspace. The research population consisted of all adolescent girls 12 to 18 years old in Tehran, whom 326 adolescents were selected as samples with use of virtual snowball sampling. Participants in this study answered the online Cyber-Victimization Scale (Buelga et al., 2019), brief version of AF5 scale (García-Grau et al. 2014), Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale (Purcell, 2007) and Multidimensional Peer-Victimization Scale (Joseph& Stockton, 2018). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 and Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis (enter). Results indicated that self-concept, parent-adolescent communication and peer-victimization predict the experience of cyber-victimization among students, including problem-free communication and verbal victimization and social manipulation by peers as risk factors for increasing cyber-victimization; social & physical self-concept and open communicationas protective factors against cyber-victimization. These findings underscore the importance of paying attention to the use of cyberspace by adolescents and its dangers and planning and doing the strategies to reduce the negative effective factors related to cyber-victimization and harms and create and improve positive protective factors by the family and the education system.

Today, schools are increasingly concerned about students' behavioral disorders such as violence, disciplinary issues, bullying, and destructive and brazen behaviors.Statement of Problem: One of the important questions is why adolescents engage in behaviors such as bullying?  Parents are the first to communicate with the child and have the most influential encounters and interactions in shaping the structure of the child's future life. Children's perception of this type of interaction is much more important than the practical experience of such interactions.

Object: 

The aim of the present study was to predict bullying based on perceived parenting style through mediation role of self-concept in students.

The present study was descriptive and correlational and structural equation modeling method. The statistical population of high school students was studying in the second grade of high school in Tehran in the academic year of 2018-19. A total of 290 students were selected by cluster sampling. The research instruments included Grolink's perceived parenting questionnaire (1997), Rogers 'self-concept questionnaire (1977), and Illinois' (2001) bullying scale. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data.

The results of the statistical test showed that the fit indicators of the research model were in good condition. Also, the variable parenting variable on bullying had both a direct and an indirect effect (through self-concept) (p <0.05). Self-concept also directly affects bullying (p <0.05).

The results of the present study confirmed the need to pay attention to the perceived parenting style as a family variable in predicting bullying behaviors in students in the country's schools.

Comparing Subjective and Objective Dimensions of Body Contouring among Three generations of Women in Arak City Abstract The study of changes occurred in perception and performance of different generations is based on the assumption that, through experiencing different social revolutions, different generations have different experiences of beauty values, norms and performance. Based on this, the present research was carried out to study subjective and objective revolutions of beauty among three generations of women in Arak city. Theoretical framework of the research is developed based on theories by Bourdieu, Giddens, Inglehart, and feminism. The research methods were cross-sectional survey and causal-explanatory. The sample was calculated as 383 from three recent generations of women in Arak city (age groups 19-68) based on Cochran formula; but, to consider sample loss, the questionnaire copies were distributed among 390 women. The results showed “intergenerational distinctions in beauty's objectivity and intergenerational congruence in beauty's subjectivity” based on which we see that even if there are no significant differences among young, middle-aged, and old generations regarding physical self-concept but there are significant differences among these three generations regarding manifestation of and attempt to body contouring which appears as body management. Keywords: women, beauty, medium, inclination towards body contouring, body management, norms, self-concept

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on self-concept, self-acceptance, and self-criticism in substance-dependent women.

The present study was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and follow-up design with a control group. Twenty-eight substance-dependent women in Najafabad were selected using convenience sampling method and randomly placed into the experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. In the current study, the self-concept uestionnaire, the unconditional self-acceptance questionnaire, and the self-criticism scale were used. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance with repeated measurement.

The results showed that the mindfulness-based cognitive therapy intervention significantly increased the levels of self-concept and self-acceptance and significantly decreased self-criticism in the participants of the experimental group compared to the control group and these results remained stable during follow-up stage.

Given the effectiveness of mindfulness training, self-concept and self-acceptance can be improved and self-criticism can be reduced in substance-dependent women.

The present study was conducted to compare emotional-behavioral disorders, self-concept and academic achievement between children with substance-dependent and non-dependent parents.

This study was a causal-comparative design. The statistical population included all male students of public high schools (first and second periods) in the west of Tehran in 2018-2019. Among them, 328 students were selected using multi-stage sampling method. The study sample was divided into two equal groups of students with and without substance-dependent parents. Participants completed the Achenbach system of empirically based assessment (self-assessment form) and the self-concept scale. Also, the GPA of the final evaluation scores of the first round was used to assess academic achievement. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and post hoc test.

The results showed that students with substance-dependent parents had significantly higher scores in the field of emotional-behavioral disorders, negative self-concept and poor academic achievement compared to students without substance-dependent parents.

It seems that substance-dependent parents cause emotional-behavioral disorders, negative self-concept and poor academic achievement in their children.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of religious coping styles in the relationship between religious attitudes and self-concept with addiction tendency in the students of Guilan University.

The study was a correlational design. A total of 530 students of Guilan University were selected by cluster sampling method and answered to the questionnaires of religious attitudes, coping styles, self-concept, and addiction tendency.

The results showed that the proposed structural model had a good fit and all predictor and mediator variables including positive and negative religious coping predicted 42% of the variance of addiction tendency in students, which was moderate. Positive and negative religious coping mediated the relationship between religious attitude and self-concept with addiction tendency.

Positive religious coping leads to decreased tendency to addiction by intensifying religious attitude and neutralizing the destructive role of high self-concept.

Political participation is seen as one of the major indicators of development. As part of the human capital of any society, women can play a decisive role in governing the country with their political participation. In the process of changing patterns of life, the phenomenon of “political participation” means “opportunities for many citizens to engage in political affairs” and it can also be referred to as a point of intersection of cultural and political structure in any society. Political participation can be meaningful at both mass and elite levels, but in any case, it has always been prevalent among different sections of society, both men and women.So women in every society appear to be a central force whose employment and activities along with men as part of the active population of society have a great impact on the growth, development, and building of society, but when women are involved in the process of political participation in a way, like downtown voters, they only go to the polls on the elections day.The widespread propaganda of enemies in political and soft warfare and their cultural aggression and their major efforts are focused on reducing political participation, especially that of women, with excuses such as the lack of democracy and oppression of women in political, social, cultural, and other spheres. A scientific study of the factors that influence women’s participation and their attitudes in this regard, and especially the factors such as self-concept, which influence the process of women’s development and personality formation during their life experiences, can be of great importance and necessity. Thus, in general, women’s participation, especially in politics and decision-making, plays an important role in the development and modernization of each country. Besides, taking the importance of this partnership into account, every country should strive to remove the cultural, social, political, and economic barriers to women’s participation so as to re-socialize women and understand their abilities to provide the ground for the growth and prosperity of society in all fields. Therefore, regarding the relationship between political participation and self-concept, it is also important to build on women’s personal experiences in the field of political participation and to influence their relationship with the environment of fundamental change.

The research method in this study was descriptive (survey) and purposeful. The statistical population of the study consisted of all women of Tehran who were of political age and eligible to participate in political activities, including elections. According to the Census of 1395 (2016) in Iran, the number of these people is about 3.5 million. In this study, Cochran formula was used to determine the sample size. According to the statistical population, the sample was composed of 389 persons. Also, multi-stage cluster sampling was used to select and access the samples. For this purpose, Tehran was first divided into 22 municipal districts as the first cluster. Then, four districts were randomly selected from among the 22 districts. Based on sampling, districts no. 2, 6, 14, and 17 were selected. Then, in the selected areas, the second clustering, namely, the designation of neighborhoods was performed, and three neighborhoods in each district were selected using simple random sampling. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to estimate the reliability of the questionnaire. In order to ensure the reliability of the questionnaire, pre-test was performed on 26 statistical population before data collection. Cronbach’s alpha for both scales of political participation (0.724.) and self-concept (0.753) indicates the reliability of these scales and the high internal consistency and consistency of the items.

Based on the results of the background variables (respondents’ image), it can be stated that the highest level of education was for bachelor degree holders (37%), indicating the appropriate level of education of the respondents to collaborate with the researcher. The highest age ratio was related to 18-27 year olds (30%) and the highest marriage rate was married (51%).

In the end, it can be said that understanding the factors that influence political participation, especially among women who make up half of the country’s active population, is very important in the fate of the country because if they do not participate, democracy will not literally exist in the current society. The right choices are not made in different elections and political events. The notion that women are based on the status of society and the patriarchal system in a way that makes them inferior to men and weaker than them makes them incapable of choosing right or inclined to participate in political affairs and political participation, and women perceive themselves to be so. Besides, their religion, age, abilities, and gender, if reinforced, could well form a high level of political participation in the society, which also confirmed the relationship between the two variables, and whatever the women’s perception as regards themselves and their religion, gender, and their abilities and age, and generally high level of self-concept, have greater level of political participation and democratic system.

Studying 'women's identity' and their attempt to 'recover gender identity' as part of a lifestyle that changes their behavior and experiences, is the purpose of the present study that have accomplished with the help of social psychology and analyze a number of contemporary short stories. To achieve this, we have used the theory of social psychology Myers and Baron as well as the theory of Jenkins sociology, and we believe that, stories are a reconstructed structure of interpersonal actions and reactions derived from social realities in society and are Interchangeable with Sampling and completing a questionnaire or interview. Through the study of discourses and the subjective and linguistic monologues of the characters, and through their beliefs, behaviors, and memories, it is possible to address their attitudes toward analyzing individual and social behaviors and interactions in the behavioral system. The research population of this study was active, working , single and married female characters from the social class of 24 the selected short stories of the 1980s. After analyzing through qualitative research and content analysis, we came to the conclusion That: these women, after regaining their identity and moving away from "traditional female identity", under the influence of " Sociability, cultural commitments and values observing women's acceptable behavioral patterns and gender roles in society," prefer and choice " the gender identity and role of the spouse ". Studies also shows that one of the issues for working, educated married women of social class is gender inequality, conflict and the duality of identity beliefs caused by social influence behavioral stereotypes associated with traditional female roles.