جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "انحصارگرایی" در نشریات گروه "علوم قرآن و حدیث"

Encountering the variety of logic systems, three theories have been introduced; exclusivism, pluralism and instrumentalism. Exclusivists consider only one system of logic to be correct. Pluralists consider all systems of logic to be correct. Instrumentalists do not consider any system of logic to be correct (correctness of logic is irrelevant for them). The theory introduced in this essay is inclusivism. Inclusivism is neither exclusivism, because it does not consider more than one system of logic to be correct, nor it is pluralism because it does not consider all systems of logic to be correct, and nor is it instrumentalism, because the correctness and incorrectness of the logic system is irrelevant for it. Avicenna also faced diversity in the knowledge of logic; Aristotelian logic and Stoic-Megarian logic. He has not been exclusivist in this encounter, because if that was the case, he would choose one and give up the other. He was not a pluralist, because if that was the case, he would have taken both of them without any unwarranted change and all in one piece. Avicenna was not an instrumentalist either, because the correctness of the logic system was relevant for him.

In the holy book of Quran and sunni resources, salvation in hereafter is defined as being shielded against hellfire and entrance into the paradise.Monopolists regard the staunch Sunni believers the only group qualified to be shielded against hellfire and to enter into paradise. However,the Infallible Imams regard the expanse of Allah’s bounty and favour as vaster. Regarding the issue of salvation and its extent, Imams call attention to two issues simultaneously. First: the monopoly value of Shia Imams and steadfastedly following themyields“guaranteed salvation”. Second is the vastness of Allah’s bounty and forgiveness that leadsto“suspended salvation” (salvation with no guarantee). Almighty Allah grants salvation to people that areerroneous in their beliefs and deeds and don’t worship Allah as he desires so, however, they show no enmity or ill will to Allah’s successors on earth and never fight them. Thus, Imams hold that according to the holy book of Quran and the tradition of prophet both doors are open in hereafter : the door for guranteed salvation and the door for suspended salvation. The current paper seeks to explore the issue of suspended inclusiveness of salvation to many amuslim according to Quranic verses and hadiths. The current paper seeks to show that there is no paradox between holding only steadfast believers and followers of Shia Imams will reach salvation and the vastness and inclusiveness of Allah’s salvation for non-Shias. According to the Shia school of thought both of these lines of reasoning are truthful and plausible.

Doctor Soroush has attempted in his paper, "Serathaye Mostaghim", to prove religious pluralism through ten ways. He has also tried to resolve the problems regarding this viewpoint and to answer the questions. The purpose of this article is to mention briefly ten ways of Doctor Soroush then to describe them in details. This article claims that in these ten ways unproven premises or false premises have been used, or argument with a true premises are not able to prove the claim, or instead of proving pluralism, to void monopolization. So none of his arguments can prove pluralism

Facing the plurality of religions one might raise various questions on truth, salvation and moral principles as how to behave toward the followers of other religions. Responses given by scholars on faith to the questions can be categorized in three views of “exclusivism”, “inclusivism”, and “pluralism”. Theoretically and practically it is important to ascertain in this regard the view of Islam as last and universal religion. In this way the present article is to examine the ideas of Allama Tabatabae as one the most prominent philosophers and exegetes who based his views on one Quran as the holy scripture of Islam hence using descriptive –analytic method he is looking into the problem of pluralism from within the text i.e. scriptural perspective rather than philosophical approach. Having present an outline of rival theories in facing the plurality of faiths and the views adopted by Allama Tabatabae the author concludes that true faith from his viewpoint is identified with “submission and devotion to God” the Divine Way and primordial tradition which although is of one same nature, has been revealed in various forms of Sharias in the course of history in proportion to the development of human capacities from imperfection to perfection and from undifferentiating to differentiating. The present manifestation of true faith is confined to Muhammadan Sharia which is the last, most complete, and comprehensive of all divine Laws. This model of recognizing truth can be called “gradational-revealed pluralism”.in addition to followers of true faith of Islam, In Allama’s view, salvation can also embrace followers of other faiths in case of not being guilty