جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « guru » در نشریات گروه « علوم قرآن و حدیث »

Sant Nirankari is a reform movement within the Sikhism. The most important teachings of this movement are emphasis on the absolute oneness and formlessness of the Divine essence, denying the superiority of religions to each other, stressing the equality of human beings of whatever race and religion, and the absolute adherence to the spiritual leader (Guru) as an enlightened teacher and the medium for Divine grace.This reform movement rejects all apparent formalities and requirements of Khalsa Sikhs and considers them ineffective; it only emphasizes on the perennial attention to the formless unique God and the depth of teachings of religions. Also unlike the Khalsa Sikhs, the movement believes in the living Guru and does not accept the holy book of Sikhs as the Guru. Although the founders of the Sant Nirankari movement regard its formation as based on divine command, they never introduce this movement as an independent faith or one of the Sikhism sects and cults; but they always introduce themselves as a reform movement for inviting all human beings to monotheism and equality of all men, and denying religious and racial prejudice. For this reason, the followers of this movement never call their belief system religion, faith or sect, but they mostly make use of the term mission or spiritual movement as the prefix for the name Sant Nirankari.

Tantric Buddhism, along with the Hinayana and Mahayana, is one of the Buddhist traditions. This tradition, which consists of a set of beliefs and practices bound up with tantric scriptures, is mainly regarded as intuitional. The tantric texts began to appear since about the third century AD; and the fact that there are a large number of them shows its significance. This tradition is associated with a variety of meditations and rituals which are concerned with the worldly affairs, being a means of achieving salvation and Buddhahood as well. In about the seventh century AD, it was also known as Vajrayana, the diamond way. Mantranaya, the path of mantras, is another term which refers to the tantric Buddhism. This title indicates that the use of mantra is the characteristic aspect of tantric practice. Other features of this tradition are as follows: initiation, incarnation, invocation and worship of gods, use of mandalas, and the presence of the Guru (teacher).