جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « commitment » در نشریات گروه « علوم قرآن و حدیث »

The issue of obligations is one of the most important and fundamental issues in law. One of the types of commitment to the validity of the subject is optional commitment. An optional obligation is an obligation that consists of two or more issues and the performance of one of the issues is sufficient to fulfill the covenant and causes the acquittal of the obligee. These obligations are recognized in the law of many countries and are very common in their trade. Despite the many benefits of such obligations, such as greater guarantee and ease in implementing the obligation and preventing the dissolution of the obligation, it is not mentioned in the Iranian legal system and has not received much attention among jurists and jurists and only brief discussions in jurisprudence and The rights are stated in this regard. There is also disagreement in jurisprudence and law about the validity of optional obligations, and many have questioned the validity of such an obligation for reasons such as arrogance, uncertainty, and uncertainty, but none seem to These arguments cannot undermine its validity. In the present study, according to the existing principles in Imami jurisprudence and Iranian law, the validity of optional obligations has been investigated.

Good faith is the principle that not only assists in the implementation of the subject of the treaty and the achievement of the desired goal but also the interpretation of the treaty is done in the light of good faith. In this research, good faith in Quranic verses has been studied by examining interpretive sources. Differences in concept, its different function in conventional laws, the existence of non-exclusive instances of this principle, etc., necessitate the significance of dealing with this issue in contracts. The verses denote subjective fairness and honest behavior with execution commitment with a lack of malice. This denotes not only in the implementation but also in the pre-agreement stage, and this point indicates the comprehensive dimensions of the Quran in this regard; Because on the one hand, the Quran requires and emphasizes the fulfillment of the obligation and considers the parties of the contract to be responsible for the obligation, and on the other hand, it allows the termination of the agreement in case of treacherous behavior towards the agreement or malice in implement.

Definition, distinction and detailed analysis of concepts are essentials to science. Of important concepts in the literature of sociology, which is poorly conceptualized, is “social commitment”, although it has a lasting origin in human thought. “Ethics” is the field of science that has dealt with the concept. In this paper, we have studied the books “jāmi’ al-sa’ādāt”, “mi’rāj al-sa’ādah”, and “al-maqāmāt al-‘aliyyah fi ‘ilm al-akhlāq” as the major books of ethics. In this study, we have extracted 51 features for social commitment and have eventually categorized them into 4 main dimensions. These dimensions have an ascending order. The first one, “affability”, is the most superficial- i.e. one could have this dimension and be void of others and consequently social commitment. The next one is “honesty’; i.e. in addition to affability, one should be honest too. Regarding “philanthropism” as the third dimension, one should be philanthropist alongside being affable and honest.
Finally, the last one, as the most profound level in making social commitment, is “stability of the goodness”. Whenever somebody has these four dimensions, he could be called “committed”.