جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « عاشورا » در نشریات گروه « فلسفه و کلام »

The kind of Imam Hussein’s look and belief and his mystical states in the event of Ashura, apart from the epic, emotional, and political approaches, has another comprehensive discourse which is beautifully manifested in the poems of mystics, such as Ṣafī ʻAlī Shāh, and does not provide sadness and humiliation in the event of Ashura; rather, the joy and dignity. In this study, after explaining the interpretative view of Ṣafī ʻAlī Shāh, the composer of the Zubdat al-Asrār (the Essence of Secrets), and comparing his view with some hadiths of the infallibles, the Ashura uprising was examined from the perspective of Islamic mysticism. This view depicts the Ashura heroes at the peak of human conquest and actually depicts a romantic world decorated with daggers, blades and arrows, wherein the beloved intoxicates the lovers with affliction and suffering. By changing the perception of an event, it is possible to transform the feelings arising from that event. In other words, emotions arising from human perceptions change human emotions by transforming into a more subtle vision. This Ṣafī ʻAlī Shāh’s semantic view spread to his students, such as Ummān-e Sāmāni, who wrote a magnificent work entitled Ganjineh Asrār.

Various views have been expressed about the aims of Imam Hussein uprising. Meanwhile the two views of socio-political martyrdom and the formation of the government are more famous than other views, to the extent that they are known as two common discourses in expressing the goals of the movement of Imam Hussein(as).In this article, the two discourses are examined by analytical method, and according to the drawbacks of these two views, it is concluded that neither of them aims to rise up and justify why this fateful movement,But the formation of the government and martyrdom were the strategies of Imam Hussein(as) to achieve the general goal of performing the duty of Imamate and guiding the society, which in itself was the basis for the realization of all other minor goals. As a model, the discourse of socio-political martyrdom and government can be strategic models of Islamic movements and uprisings. Also, by changing the attitude of the goal of martyrdom and the government to the strategy of these two, a way will be provided to eliminate the objections to both views.

Attitude towards ʿĀshūrā, as one of the most important events in Shiʿite history in contemporary times, has taken different forms. In the meantime, the Mashrūṭih and Pahlavī eras have presented the most frequent inter-Imāmian discourses in the field. The present study seeks to answer the reason why for the formation of different types of readings and approaches of ʿĀshūrā based on the descriptive method of ritual studies and analysis of sociological readings of texts. According to the hypothesis of this research, Shiʿites in preserving the messages and consequences of this event after a period of chronology, gradually distancing themselves from the style of historiography and influenced by currents of thought, have had a tremendous impact on the type of maqtal writing with specific readings and approaches in later periods. The findings show that the evolution of religious discourse in the Shiʿite community influenced by modern developments and emerging currents, from the Mashrūṭih era to that of Pahlavī and gradually until the Islamic Revolution, has provided the basis for the formation of new readings and approaches. Multiple approaches derived from these newly discovered elements in various models such as martyrdom-seeking, political-revolutionary tendencies, etc. have been studied in this research.

Ashura and karbala event is the most important historical events so far about a lot of research have been done. but , unfortunately this incident is not considered by researchers and Philosophers of philosophy of religion. this study is an attempt Meaning-centered about Ashura and karbala to that role of purpose in this event pays and States purposes and Incentives of imam Hossein in this historical event. Such as these : awakening People of ignorance and folly , Save the people from materialism and Luxury-oriented and Administration of Justice, Reform of the people and Peace , not war. In the present article Concluded that Ashura Full of purpose and meaning of life . In addition ; it shows New meaning of syneretist of two types of purposes. that's mean ; god's purpose and self- purpose. namel ; god's purpose and self- purpose in this event is not separated or apart

Elite and gentlefolks of any society that conquer to the "right" and "wrong" sides, have a very important role in the orientation of people in various events. So if the gentlefolks of right side be able to practice "guidance and education" masses, happiness in this world and the Hereafter for people will be provided, but if for any reasons, do not shirk their duties, the wrong side come into play and "crash" of the community will begin. Only half a century after the Prophet's death, Ashura event occurred in situation which a large number of companions Prophet – much of them are known as gentlefolks - were alive, but Hussein-bin-Ali in the desert of Karbala in the fight against the wrong side left alone along with his family and his loyal companions that were about 100 man and was killed. In this paper, based on Quran verses, traditions and historical sources, we review the role gentlefolks in the fall of the Islamic community.

Zainab is a great lady in Islam, titled as the "judicious lady of Bani-Hashem", the manifestation of virtues and perfections and the leader for the conveyance of the message of Aushura's movement. Although there are many books and articles written about her Divine personality and position, but there are not enough works, as it deserves, in her epitome of poetry and literature, which is another manifestation of her Divine personality. There are many non-researched points in this regard. Reviewing the history of Islam, it becomes clear that she is one of the most eloquent people of her time. Considering the poems and lectures assigned to her, and also her attention to poem shows her dominance on the literature of her time. The presence of this great lady in the Arab, Persian and other nation's encomiums and eulogies of poets shows another aspect of her undeniable effect on literature. Not only this regard has not been decreased rather it has been increased over time. A great number of poems about Zainab are present in the art of 'tazieh' which is a versified show, with many sessions, known as the Shiite's drama and tragedy.

Although the Umayyads considered the bloody and tragic event of Karbala as a turning point in the history of their caliphate it, in fact, prepared the ground for their fall; because although the Muslims who joined Imam Hussein in Karballa were few at the beginning, people's revolutionary spirit revived and successive uprisings took place after his martyrdom against the Umayyad caliphs and, later on, against the 'Abbasid caliphs. Using a documentary approach to the traditions and historical findings, the present paper points to the most important factors of the Umayyads fall and the 'Abbasids’ rise, and investigates the role of 'Ashura and mourning ceremonies during the Fourteen Infallible's lifetime in the fall and rise of the two caliphates.Due to the significance of Imam Hussein's uprising in the history of Islam and Shiite, any study of the revolutionary and martyrdom-seeking movements which the followers of the Fourteen Infallibles launched and which led to the fall of the Umayyads and rise of the 'Abbasids should be a attributed to the 'Ashura Uprising. In the meantime, the efforts made by the Shiite imam's to promote and propagate the aims of 'Ashura by holding mourning ceremonies, going on piligrimage to holy shrines, etc had an important role in this regard.

Philosophically viewed, one can agreed with to be of a nearly complete understanding of an event only when having perceived it in the ten categories of substance, quantity, quality, place, time, position, state, relation, action and affection. This pen, using the tenth categories, has intended to present a comprehensive study of Imam Hussein’s epic. In this view, by the substance of the epic is meant its state of being defensive or offensive, opposing injustice or refusing it or both.     By the accidental categories, the properties of the people in two opposing groups, centricity of Imam Hussein in relation to his faithful friends, the why-ness for the time and place of the event, the vinner and the defeated, the affection of the event in history has been meant.