جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "شکاکیت اخلاقی" در نشریات گروه "فلسفه و کلام"

Defenders of the error theory believe that no moral knowledge can be found. They consider morality to be just a pleasant legend inherited from our ancestors. Russ Shafer-Landau a famous contemporary moral philosopher, believes that what the defenders of the error theory pursue is not only an attack on a specific moral point of view, but they seek to make the entire moral theory ineffective. According to Russ Shafer-Landau , the followers of the error theory to defend their claim must show that firstly, the acceptance of ethics depends on commitment to moral objectivity and the absoluteness of moral reasons, and secondly, even in the assumption that ethics is based on these two presuppositions, Less than one of these two assumptions is false.  In this article, by examining the strongest arguments against moral objectivity from Russ Shafer-Landau's point of view and revealing their ineffectiveness, we show that the arguments of the defenders of the error theory against objective morality are, at best and strongest, sterile, and therefore skepticism and the impossibility of knowledge Morality is not a correct view of morality.

Moral realism is one of the most important approaches in meta-ethics. Accepting this approach or denying it has a unique role in the intellectual system of a moral philosopher. Louis Pojman, an eminent American philosopher, is one of the most important defenders of moral realism. He believes that skepticism and moral nihilism represented by Mackey and Harman are the most important attacks on moral realism, and if realism can be safely passed through these two scientific paths, this important ethical approach can be easily accepted.  In this article, after presenting Mackie's two fundamental arguments that is, reasoning through relativity and queerness, we try to show the inadequacies of his argument according to Pojman's point of view. In the following, we discuss the inefficiency of Harman's anti-comparison hypothesis and reveal how moral realities exist, and finally, we discuss Pojman's approach in defense of moral realism.