جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "عضدالدین ایجی" در نشریات گروه "فلسفه و کلام"

Infallibility of prophets in committing discreditable and sins has been amongst the prerequisites of appointment for prophetic mission and guiding human toward perfection. Precise cognition of this doctrine has a critical role in human prosperity or wretchedness. Thus, numerous attempts are made by religious thinkers to identify its limits and boundaries and submit proofs for it. Therefore, this study used a descriptive-analytical method to delve into the view of Adududdin al-Iji, Ibn Abi'l-Hadid and Sayyid Haydar Amuli as representative of three different Muslim sects in theology. It is shown that boundary of infallibility is set differently by the three scholars due to their different underpinnings. This fundamental difference has brought about occasional difference in establishing their proofs. However, the three thinkers believe that infallibility is an endowment from the side of God, though their stance is criticized.

Aristotle’s principle of middle term is commonly defined as avoiding excess and defect, which seems to be a quantitative concept at first sight. This interpretation has received some criticisms from the authorities in the field of ethics. Muslim thinkers have also taken some steps to criticize, examine, and possibly improve this principle. Their most important attempt in this regard has been the introduction of the concept of malignity to philosophical ethics in the world of Islam. This concept pays attention to both quality in addition to quantity and remedies some of the defects of Aristotle’s principle of middle term. It is noteworthy that an accurate review of Aristotle’s texts also indicates the presence of the element of malignity in his ethical system. This concept was firstly introduced by Khwajah Nasir al-Din Tusi in some parts of Akhlaq-i nasiri, and later Qadi Izzuddin Iji placed it in a more logical section among ethical discussions. Following them, many Muslim experts in the field of ethics accepted their idea of this concept and discussed it in their works. The present paper aims to explore the historical development of the concept of malignity and examine its significance in the related fields.