جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "موجودات" در نشریات گروه "فلسفه و کلام"

Dividing the creatures into abstract and material in philosophy and expressing their characteristics, some thinkers believe that in some cases there are conflicts between philosophical views and some religious texts (Quranic verses and narrations) on the characteristics of the incorporeal creatures. But is it fundamentally acceptable to divide creatures into abstract and material from the point of view of religious texts, so that it can be said that there is a conflict between religious texts and philosophical views in expressing their characteristics? To understand the view of religious texts about this division, it seems that we can examine three cases of verses and narrations, I) The cases in which the creation of the first creature of God Almighty has been discussed, II) The cases in which the existence and attributes of angels have been discussed, III) The cases that deal with the divisions of the universe and the types of creatures. It seems that the division of creatures into abstract and material can be obtained from the Quranic verses and narrations.

Aristotle considered being neither univocal nor equivocal, but as the third kind i.e. Pros hen because he believed that being is said being in relation to one point.  In other words, this term is applied to the beings for their priority and posteriority in being.   The first usage of the term signifies the substance and other beings are said "being" as they are in relation to substance. Reviewing Farabi's thoughts reveals that unlike Avicenna that believed in Tashkik of the concept of "being", Farabi followed   Aristotle's' thoughts and his argument about focal meaning which doesn't refer to equivocality or univocality of "being". Farabi was of the opinion that the term isn't applied equally to all beings, but based on their priority and posteriority in being. In addition, he extended the account of Aristotle's doctrine of the different senses of being in the different categories beyond Aristotle's own use to cover the relation between sensible substances and the First and Second Being.

Through descriptive-analytical approach, the present paper seeks to explain one of the Quranic facts, that is, all creatures’ praise to God; so that, with regard to Allamah Tabatabaii's thoughts, it sheds light on this mystery of the world of possibility. Relying on the bases and foundations of Allamah Tabatabaii's mystical and interpretive thoughts, a large part of this paper is allocated to explaining the principles of the creatures’ praise to God. Also are investigated some basic principles like knowledge and speech in all creatures, and then, based on rational and traditional evidence, the existence of these qualities in all creatures is proved. The research results show that in the view of Allamah Tabatabaii in Al-Mizan commentary, all creatures enjoy knowledge, sense and speech in proportion to their existential value and they truly praise God. Based on the research findings, the fact that man is not able to understand the other creatures’ knowledge and speech does not mean that they are devoid of these two qualities.