جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « میهن » در نشریات گروه « فلسفه و کلام »

In this research, we are trying to explain how Niccolò Machiavelli Basically criticizes the foundations of classical political thought, and in breaking off those foundations, paves the way for a new vision of politics as well as the establishment of political science. In this essay, Aristotle's political philosophy is presented as the representative of the logic of classical political thinking and we interpret this thought on the basis of the three strategic terms of nature, luck and virtue, as well as the complex relationship between them and their relation to politics in Aristotle's perspective and we will show that politics follows the naturalist-ethical view of Aristotle. We also discuss simultaneously how Machiavelli works with three terms that set against the terms of Aristotle (Which include power, virtue , and the homeland) invalidate the foundations of Aristotle's political thought and, consequently, classical political thought. And opens the way for the creation of a new political thought that forms outside the field of gravity of nature power, of fortune power. Where man is only relying on his will and virtue and without the need for a force of nature and fortune, It changes the logic of political relations to its own advantage.

Niccolò Machiavelli has definitely discovered the continent of political science before any other philosopher in the new era, and introduced a new logic for understanding political forces in the staging of power. In this research, the author seeks to bring Machiavelli's political thought and, consequently, the new political thought into account using the three key terms of effective truth, fortuna/virtu and homeland(patria), along with an interpretation of the complex relationship between the three and the dialectics of each of these concepts and Other concepts that shape the necessity within them. In this review, Machiavelli gradually melts not only the content of the classical political thought vocabulary in the magnetic field furnace of his new approach to politics, makes them a new meaning, but also Virtue-centered approach, Ethical ideals in Politics and fortune force put aside forever, and He introduces Effective truth is replaced by virtue, Virtu and politics Technique instead of fortuna and He introduces the salvation of the homeland as a criterion of virtue and morality and In this way farewell to political thought ahead of himself.

The history of traditional schools in Iran is the history of those traditional educations that tended to stagnation and unchanging. However, in recent millennium, we were not confronted only with a single tradition but within religious and cultural trends there were various educational traditions that came into existence in the form of traditional schools, schools, and mosque-schools. Yet this tradition in confrontation with the modern world and the social requirements of Iran in Qajar period failed to resist anymore and lost their tranquility and as a result compelled to change their standpoint. Hence, this tradition once in confrontation with modern private schools and then in confrontation with modern government schools were compelled to make some negative decision or at times positive decision; a decision that first were meant to confront them, but later on led to a kind of submission. The present paper tries to review the history of the changes of educational system in Iran from traditional school to modern one, and unfold those ideas that underpinned the changes in educational system of Iran in Qajar period.