جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « هوای نفس » در نشریات گروه « فلسفه و کلام »

The present research is aimed to clarify the role of the components of passion (revolt, enmity, lust, and rebellion) in seditions (Fitnas) of Imam Ali‘s age. In Imam Ali‘s age, there lived some people who didn‘t make decisions based on their wisdom and sound judgment; rather, they acted based on their passions and temptations. Passions resulted in the seditions of Imam Ali‘s age in four main forms: revolt, enmity (hostility), lust, and rebellion. Revolt and passionate cruelties of factions of Jamal, Seffin, and Nahrawan led to three consecutive seditions. A group of people, due to jealousy, and another group, due to the fact that some their close relatives had been killed by Imam Ali in Battles of Badr, Ohod, etc., feuded him; so that, ―enmity‖, as another form of passion, emerged in form of vengeance. ―Passions‖ had significant role in creation of the seditions of that age. Seditionists‘ eagerness toward wealth, as the basis of the passions, was the fundamental basis of the seditions in Imam Ali‘s age. Furthermore, disobeying the God‘s proof and representative among His servants amounts to rebellion, which people committed impudently and created many seditions after the Prophet‘s death.

A faithful person should always maintain his heartfelt relation with his/her Deity and ask happiness in this world and in the hereafter from Him. Among urgent request of every guided believer is to have the privilege of being a servant of God, perform divine obligations, dispel doubts and Satan's temptations, and remain firmly grounded in faith.According to divine wont, whoever is headless of the remembrance of God will be one of Satan’s companions and then man's desires and wishes will be determined by Satan. But a pious man, whose heart shines with divine light, will turn his/her attention to no one but God. Man's inclination towards his own desires is behind his/her refusing to accept the call of God and His messengers. Therefore, in order to preserve our faith we should remain firm in faith and whatever related to it and stand firmly against Satan's temptations.

Human being, created and formed by God in the prettiest form, enjoys some characteristics which has caused him to be recognized as a preeminent creature. This creature, besides enjoying free will which makes him preeminent among God's creatures, has preeminence over other creatures in form and character as well. Enjoying revealed guidance (hedayat-e tashriie) and cosmic guidance (hedayat-e takvini), inner guidance, eye, ear, external and internal heart, are among human's features.Imam Ali, the master of monotheists, regards man as enjoying humane life, being able to make use of all his facilities, faculties and capacities in the path of guidance and performing his divine obligations, achieving the status of the noble creature.Just those who have actualized all virtues and perfections enjoy humane life. This same man, however, enjoys an animal life too, and is as a soulless and dead equal to animals and even worse.