جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « anatomy » در نشریات گروه « فلسفه و کلام »

Every science is based on metaphysical and philosophical assumptions, and medicine is no exception. In mixed medicine, Galen considers philosophy and logic to be part of medicine and bases his medical theory on it. Therefore, Galen considered anatomy and physiology not only for the study of organs and processes inside the body, but also as an important source for answering philosophical questions.Therefore, the problem of the present research is to investigate the impact of Galen's philosophical teachings on his knowledge of anatomy and physiology. For this purpose, the article consists of four parts: in the first part, the history of physiology before Galen is examined, and in the second part, it deals with the philosophical teachings and important concepts of the knowledge of physiology and Galen's philosophical outlook, and in the next parts, the impact of Galen's philosophical teachings on the knowledge of the physiology of the brain and nerves. Cardiology, respiration, digestion, reproduction and embryology are examined. This research has been carried out by library method and relying on the works attributed to Galen. Examining the works related to Galen's physiology shows that he was influenced by Plato's theory of the three organs and believed that the three main organs of the body are the brain, heart and liver, therefore Galen's system of physiology includes a set of activities focused on the liver, heart/lungs and brain. A process that must be constantly renewed to continue living. Also, Galen's goal of analyzing and understanding the anatomy and physiology of the body was to understand the nature of pneuma.

The Quranic view of the creation of human has always been debated. One of the doubts that arises is related to the first verses of Surah Tariq. Critics of the Quran believe that the Book of God in these verses made mistakes to indicate the origin of sex cells. Unfortunately, on the one hand, the misunderstanding of Quranic critics of lexicography, misunderstanding of the Quran and tying the opinions of commentators to the Quran, and on the other hand, the various opinions of commentators, which are often far from modern sciences such as anatomy, have caused this misunderstanding. The purpose of this study is to examine the views of commentators, their critique and correct understanding of these verses. In this article, with a scientific-research approach, after discussing verses 5-8 of Surah Tariq and observing the opinions of commentators and lexicographers, we will explain the author's personal opinion in accordance with the science of vocabulary and anatomy, and in the end we will show that not only mistakes from the Quran It does not happen in these verses, but an amazing miracle is also mentioned, Contrary to the opinion of some commentators, by examining dictionary books close to the time of the revelation of the Qur'an and observing the hadiths and narrations mentioned in the explanation of these verses, it becomes clear that solb and taraeb is related to men and refers to the sacrum and pubic bones of human.