جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « eclecticism » در نشریات گروه « فلسفه و کلام »

The political trends in the Islamic Republic of Iran can be classified into three kinds: Islamic, secular, and eclectic divisions. As a political trend, Kargozaran which came under the influence of the centers of power in the second decade of the Revolution is an eclectic group whose thoughts are based on secularism. This trend holds that Islam does not have an administrative structure and that it has to be borrowed from liberalism. The ideological principles of Kargozaran are: underestimating religion, relativism, scientism and empiricism, authentication of fighting and opposing the idea of ijtihad. These indicators clearly show that this trend adopts eclectic ideas inas far as political values are concerned. Using an analytical and critical method, this paper discusses the legitimacy, structure, rights and duties of Kargozaran party in theory and practice.

As understood transcendental and religious reasons, Imam`s Being supported by clear text, Divine installation, knowledge of the unseen, infallibility and the guardianship are known as essential in Shiah, but some Shiite scholars` claiming that one group`s ill policies and intentions misled some Muslims from pure Islam and caused them impose their personal views on Islam; then, some opponents supported this position. According to them, Imami scholars were involved in this distorted tradition. Religious and non-religious factors have led the Muslim community to witness such ideological innovations in the issue of Imamate and its related characteristics. This paper, with a narrative and theoretical approach, and presenting charts and tables, criticizes the arguments and evidence of the claimants referred to as "eclectic Shiites". The study has focused on three scholars of this trend including Sayyid Abolfazl Borqe`i, Haydarali Qolamdaran and Seyyed Mohammad Javad Gharavi on the Clear Religious text, supporting Imamate.

Human societies always face challenges and problems and their thinkers, in every period, make great efforts to smooth out the social difficulties by recognizing and solving these problems. In the meantime, there are very few thinkers who are successful in recognizing and solving these problems, but martyr Sadr can be regarded as one of the thinkers who somehow contributed to recognizing and solving these challenges. Reviewing this prominent researcher's works, the present paper demonstrate that martyr Sadr regards external hegemony and internal stereotypy and eclecticism as three damages suffered by Islamic society in relation to its thought and tries to avert these damage by providing his fiqhi (jurisprudential) and theological innovations. He thinks that after recognizing the challenges of politics and society, they can be overcome through introducing fiqhi (jurisprudential) theorization believes that the political problems of Islamic society can be solved by relying on this theory, Islamic government, Islamic unity, and referring to righteous authorities during occultation period (ghaybah).

Dynamic ijtihad goes in two directions: rethinking of the existing methodologies and introducing new ones; but, experiences show that a dynamic system is vulnerable. That is why coming harms in the proceeding motion of ijtihad are, here, discussed. In rethinking, harms such as "stagnation", "inflation of principles", and that "studies are not professional and efficient" are paid attention to; and in introducing new methodologies, harms such as "absence of theorization", "eclecticism", "unkindness to other's valuable experiences" as well as "temporality" are discussed. In conclusion, results of the above discussions will be introduced.