جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "گناه نخستین" در نشریات گروه "ادیان و عرفان"

After AD 70, Christianity managed to dispense with Judaism. The idea of independence and separation from Judaism made Christianity tend towards Greco-Roman civilization, thoughts and culture. For explaining the Christian teachings, Paulus and some vindicators and Church fathers borrowed the content or structure of the basic religious characteristics of Christianity from the Greco-Roman ideas of their age. Using documentary analysis, the present paper explains the Greco-Roman origin of the Trinity, Incarnation, the Atonement and original sin, which are considered as the central Christian doctrines. The results of this research show that Christianity’s interpretation of the content and structure of "the Trinity" and "incarnation" is based on the Greek categories. The content of "atonement" and "original sin" exist in Christianity, but their form and structure have been influenced by Greco-Roman culture.

Irenaeus is a church father who introduced a special interpretation of original sin. He believes that creation passes through two stages and man, at the beginning of creation had a weak nature and was at the initial stages of growth and perfection. Despite the teachings of the Word of God, Adam was not perfect when he was in heaven, and the Devil, who was aware of man's weak nature, urged Adam and Eve to disobey God's command. Their eating from the forbidden tree was behind their coming to this world, their attainment of perfection and their similarity to God. Being similar to God is the minor aspect of creation. Death this world is the ascribed to sinfulness and disobedience, the outcome of which is eternal, sinfulness and disobedience. Of course, Adam's sin is the worst kind of sin because it was followed by remorse and repentance. Thus man is favored with God's mercy. Irenaeus considers Christ’s existence as the reason for creation, not as a response to the sin of Adam. In fact, he regards Jesus Christ as the center of universe and the role of Adam is to pave the way for Christ. The unity between Christ and God has restored the friendship which was lost by Adam.

After saint Paul, Saint Agustin investigated the question of original sin for the first time. In his view, due to the fact that the original sin was committed by Adam and Eve, man is considered sinful and it is only through kindness God's and divine favor that he is guided towards good. This paper, seeks to address this question theoretically and carefully by referring to the Gospel and Torah, taking in to consideration the standpoints of some theologians and philosophers. This paper concluded that although, there is no trace of original sin in the Old and New Testament, many Christian sects agree upon the universality of Adam's sin today. According to them and to Poles and the others, not only all divine prophets share the original sin, but also every child is born sinner. Allamah Tabatabai and others criticize this theory.

One of the most important doctrines in Christianity is original sin. It has a key role in Christian theology and was the concern of many Christian thinkers during the history of Christianity. The debates and disputes of Christian theologians about it, especially in early history of Christianity lead to take a formal position about it by the Church. In sacred texts of Muslims, especially in Holy Qur’an many verses point out to disobedience of Adam and Eve too. So, many thinkers and commentators deal with the sin of Adam and Eve from the view of Holy Qur’an. Despite a general agreement between Christianity and Islam about the disobedience of Adam and Eve, there is, nevertheless, a main disagreement between them about the quantity and quality of the sin of Adam and Eve. this essay tries to show the similarities and differences as to the disobedience and sin of Adam and Eve through a comparative study which is based primarily on Islamic and Christian Scriptures.