جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "cosmic order" در نشریات گروه "ادیان و عرفان"

A challenge faced by the ancient culture of Mesopotamia was the possibility or impossibility of interaction or communication between natural and supernatural beings. While the present article assumes its possibility based on available evidence, it employs the descriptive-analytic method to identify various forms of revelation within the mythical Mesopotamian culture. The research findings indicate that in Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian, and Assyrian myths, revelation manifested as an exchange or spiritual transaction bridging the gap between the natural and supernatural worlds. It served as a conduit for communication and the conveyance of desires, secrets, and news from deities to earthly beings, including both human and nonhuman entities. In this context, revelation often took the form of soliloquy and sometimes that of mutual conversation, presenting itself through experiences such as the soul’s journey, true dreams, auditory perceptions, and prophesies. It appears that the various forms of Mesopotamian revelations gradually influenced Semitic religions, likely influenced by the proximity of the Sumerians. Therefore, an exploration of the revelatory aspects of Mesopotamian myths becomes crucial for a deeper understanding of the nature of revelation in more contemporary religions.

Desacralizing of knowledge in the modern world and overcoming Cartesian dualism, and as a result, the alienation of man with the cosmos, led to the separation of man from the world. Despite its new name, anthropocosmic vision has a long history in religions and has attracted the attention of thinkers in various fields, including Religious Studies, in recent decades. With the harmony and correspondence between man and the world, or in other words, microcosm and macrocosm as its implications, this essentially mystical vision illuminates many doctrines of religions based on the unity of self-knowledge, cosmology, and theology. This paper, first of all, deals with the anthropocosmic vision, its definition and description, and then with its history expressed in various religious traditions, and then examines it as an approach in academic studies of religion. Achieving to a kind of ontological epistemology can be of its outcomes. Also, one can understand the conformity of the ritualistic order with the cosmic order in the religions.

The great chain of being in most pre-modern civilizations indicates that the downward trend from top to base is the creator of an immaterial and material world. This trend gradually turns sheer delicacy into impurity, sheer unity into multiplicity, non-determination to determination in, absolute into relative and the realm of manifestation into a realm of latency. Using a theoretical- analytical approach and examining the viewpoint of oriental religions and schools of thought in this regard, this study reviews and criticizes the position and relationship between the components and levels of beings in the expositions of the Great chain of being, and then presents a clear picture of the ontology of cosmological order in Daoism, Hinduism and Buddhism.

Enki, later known as Ea in Babylonian-Akkadian mythology, is a Sumerian word for the god of fresh waters in Mesopotamian mythology. Given the effective and functional role of water in the livelihood of ancient people and its symbolization in mythology, Enki seems to have had particular importance and presence in Mesopotamian mythology. He is characterized with various functions as vivification, fertility, purgation, cure, sorcery, wisdom and intelligence. They are all particularly in line with the cosmic order. Apparently, the gods of ancient Mesopotamia can often be considered as "the gods of order" or at least "the gods affected by natural order". Compared to other gods, Enki plays an outstanding role in establishment and retention of this natural order of things, for which he exhibits a dual image and acts for and against the man. Moreover, Enki's immanence in various myths is justified by the significance of water in all aspects of human life such as agriculture. Enki's monologues and his disclosure of god's commands and secrets to man can be considered as the early forms of Revelation. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, the present study attempts to explain the philosophy of Enki's behavioral contradiction and his dual image in Mesopotamian mythology

The cosmic order has always been one of the most important phenomena drawing the attention of the scholars of all religions. Cosmic order organizes the Cosmos and governs all the events in Nature enveloped within Earth’s environment. It seems that cosmic order has received a special attention in Zoroastrianism and Taoism since the nature is to some extent a holy notion as a result of the expression of the cosmic order. In the ancient Iran cosmic order equals Āshā, enjoying an extensive range of meaning, as a principle foundation of Zoroastrianism. The term Āshā means the Truth but terminologically it denotes an eternal spiritual and ethical law established by Ahura Mazda. Based on Āshā, any action in the realm of human behavior and morality is followed by a reaction and any good or bad deed has its own specific reward. Similarly in the realm of natural rules the expression of Āshā is the order and balance of nature which is the cause of its permanence. The term denoting cosmic order in Taoism is Tao, including the natural ordering and moral order as the comprehensive rule of life. Tao is a permanent law based on which the nature moves forward and the balance dominating the world is the result of such a movement. According to Tao Te Ching, human, Tao and nature are the heads of the triangle of being and their harmony is secured by some other factors such as Yin-Yang, the two active and receiving principles of being, and the Five Elements (Wu Xing)

Among all questions which are asked about the nature of existence, after asking about the creation, the question about the order and permanence of the universe is the most essential question. A common answer to this question is that there is a Cosmic Order or Cosmic Law which protects the universe from disorder. This Cosmic Order was called rta in ancient India, and aša in the ancient Iran. It personifies the cosmic, social, ritual, and moral order. Rta and aša are synonyms and from the etymological point of view, were derived from a common root. Rta (or aša) is under the protection of gods; therefore, if someone transgresses its bounds, she/he will be punished. So all devotees and even gods should harmonize themselves with rta (or aša) and behave in accordance with its principles. If they act so, they will be qualified for the title of rtavan (those who possess rta) or ašavan (those who uphold aša) and will enjoy the everlasting bliss and prosperity.