جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « islamic seminary of qom » در نشریات گروه « ادیان و عرفان »

Since the beginning of theological disputes, philosophical reflections on ethics and morality were found among scholars of kalām. One might say that the first serious discussion on the matter was the well-known controversy between Ashʿarite and Muʿtazilite theologians over the goodness (ḥusn) and badness (qubḥ) of actions. Ashʿarite theologians believed that goodness and badness were God-dependent, while Muʿtazilite and Imami theologians believed that they were God- independent. Moreover, philosophical contemplation of morality can be found in the works of Muslim ethicists, and a formulation of Aristotle’s virtue ethics often appears in some ethical works. In the last century, philosophical consideration of morality remarkably flourished in the West, such that a whole field is devoted to it under moral philosophy. Since one hundred years have passed since the established of the Seminary of Qom, now the question arises of the status of moral philosophy in the Islamic Seminary in the last century and its future directions. To examine such a significant issue, we should study two historical periods: before and after the victory of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, since there is a considerable difference here. In this article, I aim to analyze and examine the status of moral philosophy in the Islamic Seminary in the last century. I conclude that, before the victory of the Islamic Revolution, moral philosophy was not commonly addressed, the only exception being Ayatollah Motahhari, while after the victory of the Islamic Revolution, moral philosophy was developed in diverse fields such as meta-ethics, theoretical normative ethics, and applied ethics.

The first or primary philosophy (al-falsafat al-ūlā) or ontology is the main branch of Islamic philosophy and the highest field of study, since other fields of study—even other branches of philosophy—depend on this field. Aside from some of its adaptations from Greek philosophy, Islamic ontology is a genuine independent field of study, resulting from a millennium of work by Muslim philosophers. In its long history, it went through various developments and periods. In this article, which adopts the descriptive-analytic method, I aim to identify the status of this field in the Islamic Seminary in the last one hundred years. The article’s contributions include the significance and necessity of the first philosophy, developments and advances of the first philosophy (in the last century), deficiencies of the first philosophy (in the last century), and the prospect of the first philosophy.