جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "تخلف شرط" در نشریات گروه "فقه و حقوق"

Bank contracts are concluded either absolutely or conditionally. Most contracts are concluded conditionally. Therefore, in most contracts, observance of rules of sharia in banking affairs, which is today subject of much attention, depends on knowledge of fiqh and legal nature of conditions and their function. Conditions are divided into many categories based on different criteria, and accurate knowledge of each of such categories is very important, and also, it is necessary to study effect of each separately. Such study would range from the study of how to accurately conclude a contract containing each of categories of conditions to consideration of the effect of violation of conditions. Such study must be done carefully and with diligence without ignoring complexities of certain matters. Indulgence and lack of diligence in sharia rules-based banking operation not only undermines Islamic bases of economy but also cause many to doubt the Islamic bases of economy and lead them to falsely believe that observance of rules of fiqh only apparently changes bank operations without making any substantial changes, thus making people confused and surprised with the never answered question why so much must be spent on such superficial and ultimately ineffective changes.

Quality condition is one of the terms of contract that the guarantee against its violation is the emergence of the right to cancellation for the party in whose favor a condition is set. Sometimes the quantity (miqdār) of the object of transaction is stipulated within a contract as its quality (ṣifat), but the guarantee for its execution in all instances is not the right to cancellation, because the quantity is a quality that is sometimes essential and regarded as part of the subject of the contract and sometimes appears as peripheral. Influenced by diversified legal opinions in articles 355, 384, and 385 of civil law, the legislator has also expressed different rulings for violation of this condition; therefore, we see different comments among the legal experts and conflicting opinions in the judicial procedure. The remarkable point about the condition of quantity is the distinction of these three articles from each other and the application of the referents to them. This research tries to remove their ambiguity by means of delving into legal sources.