جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "خطر جانی مادر" در نشریات گروه "فقه و حقوق"

The development of new technologies and the advancement of medical knowledge have led to the implementation of measures in the field of treatment of human diseases that have jurisprudential, legal and moral effects, including the practice of "abortion" in high-risk pregnancies. . The challenging thing is that sometimes after the soul is blown, there is knowledge and certainty that the continuation of the pregnancy endangers the life or physical health of the mother (complete embarrassment), but nevertheless, some jurists consider abortion have became; Therefore, the mother, knowing that it is harmful to continue the pregnancy, will be obliged to protect the fetus; Therefore, in this article, an attempt has been made to review the ruling of medical abortion after the onset of the soul with jurisprudential documents.This research has been done by library and documentary methods as well as descriptive-argumentative and analytical-interpretive writing methods and studies indicate that in high-risk pregnancies, preserving the life or physical health of the mother is necessary and prior to preserving the fetus. . Therefore, just as abortion therapy is permissible in the time before the onset of the soul, it is also permissible and obligatory to perform this type of treatment in the time after the onset of the soul; Therefore, the words of some jurists, who have interpreted it as "forbidden" in this regard, are a place for reflection.

Although abortion is regarded as an evil and indecent act according to the holy shariah and the human societies, but in cases of contradiction between a mother`s health and her fetus`s life, based on lots of the jurisprudents` opinion, the mother is authorized to prefer her health. In spite of permission for an destruction of fetus, civil liability of remedial abortion is a problematic question. In this regard, following some great scholars` outlooks, the lawmaker has issued an opinion of extinction of liability.
Reviewing the absoluteness of the traditions in connection with the liability of diya for abortion is considered as one of most sensitive and difficult points of this subject. The method of taking absoluteness, accepting and refusing absoluteness of ahval (states) in these traditions is one of the prominent effective discussions in implication of these evidence. With analyzing appearance of the evidence, an enough assurance regarding taking absoluteness from these traditions will not be acquired. Though lack of their implication is not reliable, but lack of appearance is enough for disproving it. The only evidence is the practical principles of istishāb and barā`ah which determines the first principle in diyat and liabilities (blood moneys and zimānāt). This principle can be a proof of non- responsibility for remedial abortion.

Therapeutic abortion is a kind of termination of pregnancy that has medical application. Although act to abort is considered forbidden in the most of the legal systems, but in some cases, exceptionally it is allowed one case in which the abortion is allowed is interference rule. According to this rule, due to abnormality of embryo and keeping mother's health, the abortion is possible before insufflations of spirit and based on single article of Therapeutic Abortion, but in accordance with the single article, after insufflations of spirit, abortion is impossible. Therefore, by virtue of note of Art. 718 of Islamic Penal Code approved in 2013, in order to keep mother's health, the abortion is allowed even after insufflations of spirit. The jurists prescribe abortion before insufflations of spirit for therapeutic cases. Some of jurists believe that even after insufflations of spirit in the embryo, if it would be proved that existing of embryo threaten mother's health, abortion of such embryo is allowed It looks that the jurists who don’t believe in abortion after insufflations of spirit, if state their reasoning based on interference rule- most important – important, then they change their idea. In the other word, intellectually we can diagnose that due to reduce more damage, the theory of abortion even after insufflations of spirit shall be empowered and identified and executed.