ancient iran

The Persian legal system existed from the time of the Medes until the Sassanid dynasty. In various topics of civil law, such as ownership, endowment, contract’s general rules, sale, lease, company, power of attorney, suretyship, mortgage, guarantee, will, inheritance, family rights, principles had been established, which approves in that period of time, certain legal principles, rules and customs existed. Although these rules are rooted in the common conscience of humanity. Nonetheless, identifying these rules is important. This system was used throughout the areas that were under the dominance of the Persian Empire, including countries such as Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Pakistan, Turkmenistan and Iraq. Based on the available evidence and numerous sources, it can be inferred that in this system, there were various civil law topics in written form, it can be claimed that this legal system was a codified. The origin of the legal rules in this legal system is religion, customs, cultures and Decrees of Shahs. The Persian legal system, during the Sassanian era, is influenced by the learnings of Zoroastrianism in some legal issues like personal status. It should be noted after the fall of the Sasanians; this legal system has no authority in any country. However, the rules related to the personal status of the Persian law are still valid for Zoroastrians in Iran. In this article, the author tries to analyse the legal issues of various topics of civil law in the Persian legal system by using the remaining authentic sources.

In the formation of medical law, two factors of morality and religion play a significant role. Two forces that undoubtedly must be among the constructive forces of rights; a force that is always efficient and powerful, and sometimes overcomes all other factors. There are also many existing legal rules that relate to ethical and religious principles more than economic factors. Medical liability is the legal, legal, or criminal liability of a physician or healthcare provider towards a patient or receiving a health care provider in relation to any shortcomings and errors, whether deliberate and inadequate in treatment or treatment, and the disclosure of secrets and information Patient medicine. In this essay, the definition of responsibility and the review of the development of medical law in general have been discussed. Then, we will address the nature and the nature of medical responsibility and its types as a fundamental and important topic in the field of medical law. The relationship between ethics and medical law, as well as jurisprudence and medical law is mentioned, and in the last section in two sections, we discuss the scope of the laws in The field of medicine and its basis have been expressed in two ancient and contemporary periods in Iran, and finally we will conclude with the general conclusion of this research and article.