جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "duration" در نشریات گروه "فقه و حقوق"

There are disagreements between jurists and lawyers regarding the minimum and maximum duration of temporary marriage (Nikah mut'ah, Arabic: نکاح المتعه, Romanized: nikāḥ al-mutʿah, literally temporary marriage or Sigheh, Persian: صیغه، ازدواج موقت). There is no stipulation in the civil law that specifies the duration range of this legal institution. Accordingly, we are going to explain different opinions in this article and choose a view that is based on the rules of civil jurisprudence and legal principles. This research has been collected in a library method. The results show that the minimum duration in temporary marriage is long enough to allow sexual satisfaction and enjoyment. The maximum duration should not be more than the life of the couple or one of them. It can be finally said based on the interpretation of the will of the parties according to their custom and their obligation to observe customary affairs that a marriage which has been concluded for a long time is a permanent marriage (Arabic: النکاح الدائم, Romanized: nikāh ad-Dā'im) all the effects of permanent marriage such as divorce, inheritance, iddah (Arabic: العده, Romanized: al-ʿidda; “period of waiting”), right of sexual intercourse (Arabic: حق القسم, Romanized: qasm, the right to sleep together, and the right to sleep at night during marriage in Islam) and alimony are considered.

The legal nature of granting duration in temporary marriage is not very clear, while it has many scientific and practical effects. Therefore, the nature of granting duration, as a legal act, is an issue that needs to be investigated until reaching a suitable answer. In Imami jurisprudence and Iranian law, while there is a consensus on the legality of granting duration, there is no common opinion about its nature. One point of view considers the granting duration as a contract (gift, compromise, or charity) and another point of view considers it as a unilateral obligation (waiver or unilateral compromise). This is because, in fact, the termination of the time is the right that the husband has over the wife for the rest of the specified period in the temporary marriage. After explaining each of the mentioned points of view and examining the existing arguments, this research studied and criticized them in the light of describing and analyzing jurisprudential and legal propositions. Finally, it defended the idea that the nature of granting duration is termination and considered it to be consistent with the appearance of the texts.