جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "stakeholder theory" در نشریات گروه "فقه و حقوق"

Although the growth of economic enterprises leads to the development of a country's economy, the negative effects of their activities on the environment cannot be neglected. In addition, the unusual behavior of humans towards the environment cannot be ignored. The main cause of these behaviors is rooted in human self-interest, and this is despite the fact that in the Holy Qur'an, man is prohibited from these behaviors because he is the caliph on earth and the environment is in his hands.
This research is of theoretical type and the research method is descriptive-analytical and the method of data collection is library and has been done by referring to documents, books and articles.
Ethical considerations: In order to organize this research, while observing the authenticity of the texts, honesty and fidelity have been observed.
In the Clean Air Law of 2016, in order to protect the environment, regulations such as the use of financial instruments and the beautification of cities have been approved. In the 2015 Chinese environmental law, measures such as the need to launch a campaign and consult with specialized lawyers have been identified.
In the legal system of both countries, despite the differences in the way of protecting the environment, similarities are also seen. Among other things, in both systems, attention has been paid to making the provisions of fines more efficient and updated.

The Iranian company law only recognizes shareholders but social nature and legal personality of company indicate the relation of this entity to third parties. These third parties have been called "stakeholders" in modern company law that are considered to affect or be affected by the company's actions. Shareholders, employees, customers and financiers are fixed groups of stakeholders in a company and inclusion of some groups also depends on the subject of company`s activity. Currently, there is a tendency to recognize broad scope of stakeholders; however, for legal regimes like Iran, this recognition may be limited. This recognition of stakeholders and its necessity is obvious but this is questionable whether a stakeholder in a company with private capital should be protected. Economic, moral and legal foundations constitute the the bases of the theory of stakeholders. Solving agency problem, avoiding conflicts of interest and maximizing economic value are the economic foundations. Legal and moral foundations argue that stakeholders have inherent value therefore their rights should be respected and ownership restrictions should be applied to owners and managers of a social entity namely company.