جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Political Development » در نشریات گروه « فقه و حقوق »

Although development in the contemporary century is a simple and comprehensive concept, theoretically, has different economic, social, cultural dimensions. The question is which of these dimensions are more related to public law and what are the components of this relationship? Governance is at the heart of public law and the center of political development simultaneously. Governance is a step-by-step issue that begins with the issue of the legitimacy of the political unit as the first common point of public law and development and continues to other principles of good governance. The crisis of legitimacy itself is one of the development strategies and public law helps to solve it through its instruments so a country gets the necessary stability to achieve other dimensions of development. In the next step, the concept of good governance is introduced as another common goal. The principles of good governance are not only political goal of development buy also they are legal principles at the same time, and the more the governance of a country has these principles, the richer the public law in that country is, and such a country has political development. What this study shows is that good governance is not only a presumption to economic and social development, but also It is a developmental goal that public law paves the way for through its tools.

As a study of the relationship between political parties and economic development after the Islamic revolution in Iran, this article pays attention to the course of economic and political developments in the form of development programs. The research is a qualitative and descriptive type of analysis, which is carried out by a documentary method. The results of the survey indicate that the Islamic revolution is the result of the participation of all political groups, including religious, religious and national groups, nationalists with socialist and liberal tendencies, and economic and political development requires the political participation of parties and groups and the economic participation of the private sector. After the revolution, these things have been seen in the country's development plans in the form of five-year plans, where the program and budget organization is the main agent of preparing the requirements and formulating the plan. Despite the fact that the Islamic Republic Party was the most comprehensive revolutionary and Islamic party, it was pulled towards isolation and closure due to differences caused by political attitudes and tendencies, without affecting the economic system and only by eliminating competitors. The parties of construction agents and the 18 groups of reforms had the most influence in Iran's economic development programs, and to the extent that the participation of the parties has decreased, the development programs have also been ineffective. So that the highest alignment and the best performance can be achieved in the third, first, second, fifth and fourth programs respectively.

This research applies a descriptive-analytical approach to explain historical aspects and consequently interprets the data regarding the left movement and left wing women based on the Anthony Giddens's construction theory in the second Pahlavi dynasty.In this regard, after examining the developments of the left movement and the political and social activities of left wing women, we will try to answer the question that what effects the political and social actions of left wing women have had on the process of political development in Iran in the second Pahlavi dynasty?To answer the above question according to Giddens's construction theory, There is a mutual relationship between structure and agent which based on, the left wing women as agents of the left movement had potential to influence the political structure of the Pahlavi dynasty and play a role in establishing a developed political system.As result, this research reveals the political and social actions of left wing women, due to the political structure of the Pahlavi regime and the domination of dictatorship, had no effective role in the process of political development and establishment of a democratic system.

The formation of an autonomous and later federal system in Iraqi Kurdistan has been the product of international political interactions and Kurdish nationalist struggles in the form of political parties. The experience of three decades of Iraqi Kurdish parties in governing, self-governing, developing new democratic institutions, and generating challenges to the growth of democracy means that the Kurdistan Region is a rich place to test the relationship between political parties and political development. The main question is: In the process of political development of the Kurdistan region, what role did the main parties play in the conflict of existing obstacles and resources? The research method is documentary method. Data included library resources, and interviews with ten experts in the field of political development at universities in Iran and Iraqi Kurdistan. Findings show that although the process of political development in this region has not been continuous, dynamic and increasing, but this region with the rule of its parties over the last three decades is moving towards a kind of minimal democracy.

Political participation as one of the criteria for assessing the extent of political development of societies at various levels has always been studied by several scholars; if it is acceptable for the effectiveness of social and political system. Spirit of laws of the Islamic Republic of Iran, especially the constitution, based on its Islamic principles, has a different view on the natural rights of women and the right to social participation, recognizing them and mandating the governing powers to do the appropriate work. In spite of the existence of legal platforms for women's political participation, there are in practice some structural constraints on this partnership. As the share of women in our society in the political arena, especially at the level of elites and high political positions, confirms this point. Although this research is based on a documentary method - not field research -, but in order to enrich the content, it has been attempted to use the research findings of other researchers in explaining the comments. At end of the writer, while expressing the capacity of the current laws of the Islamic Republic of Iran It outlines ways to remove barriers to women’s participation as half of civil society.

political development and follow it democracy are of the concepts that despite having political background serious link and relation has with low science. Therefore it can be said that democracy is the same basis and foundation of the rule of lawan garateeing citizen,s rights by legal instruments a look at formation history of democratics state indicats that regulatory taxing and its usage place through pubic satisfactory has bee main factor moving to the democracy. Attention of Democratic states to the taxes is not solely crating supervisory rightand to seek answer of political system but lasoso beyond that is signe of legal arrangments.which caucusing such a process . democracies in addition to the financial needs to the taxes to passes ruling current affiears.due to the welfare obligations that undertakes have so much need to taxes.Main goal of this research is to investigate taxation system on development of democracy investigations an the results indicated that taxation and full relying on taxation incomes is not the only solely singe of political development and being democratic of move to democracy
but also is taxation quality and way of its usage that can be effectivbe in improve democratic indicies .

Undoubtedly¡ political development is one of the elements¡ which has considerable importance in modern world. Besides¡ it has proved influential in different issues. Political and trade unions¡ non-governmental institutions¡ and special social groups with conscious and free political partnership constitute the key factors in political development. Therefore¡ Islamic Councils as a pervasive democratic institution will play a critical role in political partnership¡ and hence political development. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of Islamic Councils in political development in Taybad. To achieve this end¡ voter turnouts in Islamic Consultative Assembly election and Assembly of Experts election in Taybad between 1999 to 2013 (when City and Village Islamic Councils were active) were compared with those of the same institutions (Islamic Consultative Assembly and Assembly of Experts) before the establishment of City and Village Islamic Councils. The results of this study indicated that the voter turnouts in the above-mentioned institutions have increased after the establishment of Islamic Councils. It can be concluded that Islamic Councils have had a positive effect on enhancement of political partnership and development.

The present study aims to explain the process of political development in the Islamic Republic of Iran and the role of social classes in this process. In particular¡ the role of middle class in the developmental process is examined. In providing answer to the role of middle class as pioneering force in the political development a descriptive-analytical method was employed as the tool of analysis. Theoretical framework for class analysis is based on the opinions of modernization scholars. The status of middle class is taken as independent variable and political development as dependent variable.

In the last three decades after Islamic revolution، the middle class has shown effort to assume more and role to play in the various sectors of socio-politics. However، this class due to its historical dependency on government and its identification with the autocratic rule of Pahlavi the second in the course of modernization spearheaded by Pahlavi''s regime، has not been able so far to clean itself from stigma of having associated with the overthrown Pahlavi regime. This lingering stigma has hampered any effort by this class to play its role as the engine of mobility of political development. As the result of its sociopolitical ineffectiveness this class has become alienated and too marginalized to be able to play role in sociopolitical arena. For the building of middle class identity the first step must be the smaller government and thereafter the effort should be directed toward the building of civil society in support the causes of this class.

Oil resources strategically have shown to have a major role in developing countries such as Iran. Entering of oil into the realm of Iranian social and political life and works has led to different results. This paper examines the relationship between political developments and oil industry in Iran with a "Renter State "approach model. Renter State model has utilized the theory of new utilitarianism. New utilitarian states have negative attitudes. This view is based on the government's actions all exchanges between authorities and their supporters. Here, the statesman or the benefits distributed directly among fans or by using a power law function to limit the market to make rent and for insiders and friends. In this framework, the social forces gain the benefits of getting involved in politics as a mediator or supporters of the system. However, this paper shows that political underdevelopment is the by product of being a renter state.

The main objective in this paper is to understand the meaning and the relation of Theo-democracy and political development. To achieve this objective, we used descriptive method in describing and explaining this relationship In other words, in the current study, recognition of political development and determination of effective components and indexes on social political changes trend and its relation with Theo-democracy led to the posing question. In what extent, the components of these two categories are compatible? In answering this question, it is tried first to introduce the principles of Theo-democracy upon divine governance doctrine but also God centered values and the model of Islamic individual and social behavior, meritocracy, paying attention to collective wisdom and will in making decisions and social plans. The results revealed that there is a direct and mutual relationship between political development and Theo- democracy. Therefore, reinforcing the strength of public infrastructure in political arena are criteria of Theo democracy. It worth mentioning that political development is a special necessity and principle of Theo- democratic system

Political elites in the authoritarian and semi-authoritarian countries that have power tools often fully and continuously can play a main role in the course of political development and undevelopment in these groups of countries. In this regard, the study of the quality of playing of this role in contemporary history of Iran, especially after Mordad, 28, 1332 (August, 18, 1953) coup that was associated with an increase of power of the monarchy (Shah) until Islamic revolution is very important in order to help us recognize some effective factors in the process of progress or little progress in political development in Iran. The question of this article is that what role political elites play in political development of Iran in the years between 1332 and 1357 (1953 and 1979). The answer to this question in this article is that the political elites of Iran in the mentioned era played a preventive role in the course of political development through some actions such as creating pyramidal and hierarchical power, abusing power and corruption, preventing holding free elections and doing electoral fraud, suppressing press freedom and independence and also suppressing of political independent parties and groups.

Entering to the new world has put new challenges and opportunities for human’s life. Globalization as an economic, political and cultural phenomenon is a multifaceted process and entails consequences which includ the political consequences. The present paper has focused primarily on one of these outcomes; it means that it has concentrated on the effects of globalization on political developments in the forming opportunities and threats. The present paper benefits from discourse analysis framework in order to evaluate the effectiveness and study this effectiveness on the process of political development in Iran. In this review, globalization as structural dialogue consists of liberal democracy teaching of Western and political Islam in Iran as dialogue involving two aspects of reformists and conservative matters. Thus, this paper has attempted to explore opportunities and threats to globalization on political developments in Iran after the Islamic revolution in terms of its phenomenon’s effect on dual aspects of political Islam.