جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « اختلال استرس پس از سانحه » در نشریات گروه « روانشناسی »

One of the most important issues that, in addition to disrupting the family unit and the couple's relationship, aggravates the injury in the injured person, is post-traumatic stress disorder caused by domestic violence. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotion-focused couple therapy approach on post-traumatic stress disorder caused by domestic violence. The quasi-experimental research method was pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population included all women affected by the phenomenon of spousal violence. Thirty subjects who had a moderate to high symptom range in the FOA (2003) Emotional PTSD scale scores were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The subjects in the experimental group participated in a group program of emotional couple therapy for 15 sessions, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The results of the analysis showed that emotional couple therapy is effective in reducing the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in women affected by domestic violence (p <0.001 and F = 505.61) and this effect is stable in the follow-up phase. Since emotion-oriented couple therapy regulates a person's emotions and due to the effectiveness of this approach in couples involved in domestic violence, its use as a therapeutic approach in this type of issues is recommended.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group schema therapy on self-concept and impulsivity in people with post-traumatic stress disorder. This research was practical in terms of purpose and was carried out in the form of semi-experimental research and within the framework of a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all the people who referred to the two counseling centers of Arak City in the fall of 2022, from which 30 people were selected by the available sampling method and randomly by lottery in two experimental groups (15 people) and Control (15 people) were replaced. The experimental group was subjected to group schema therapy intervention during 8 sessions of 90 minutes and answered impulsivity questionnaires (Barat et al., 1998) and the self-concept of Rogers (1957). The data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance and using SPSS-26 software. The results showed that schema therapy was able to have a significant effect in reducing impulsivity (components of unplanned, cognitive, and motor components) and increasing self-concept in the participants of the experimental group (P<0.01). schema therapy intervention can be used to reduce impulsivity symptoms and increase self-concept for people with post-traumatic stress disorder and benefit from it.

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy on the reduction of anxiety sensitivity and panic attacks in veterans with PTSD. This study was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test with control group, The population of the study consisted all male Veterans in Marand in the year of 2019, among whom a sample of 30 veterans with PTSD were randomly selected to two groups of experimental (15 male) and control (15 male). Measurement tools included were posttrumatic stress disorder checklist (military version), Anxiety Sensitivity (Reiss, Peterson, Gursky & McNally, 1986) and Symptom panic (Liebowitz & et al, 1990). Then, trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy were performed for 12 sessions (90 minutes in per session) each week for the experimental group. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20 using multiple covariance analysis. After controlling the effects of pretest, the mean scores of anxiety sensitivity and panic attacks were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group (p<0.001). Training trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy education can be effective reduces anxiety sensitivity and panic attacks in veterans with PTSD.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of treatment of emotion regulation strategies on avoidance and arousal behavior in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder due to COVID-19.

The research method was semi-experimental with a single-subject multiline basic design. The statistical population consisted of people who were admitted to the intensive care unit of Masih Daneshvari Hospital in Tehran between 2020 and 2021 due to COVID-19 and had post-traumatic stress disorder. Three women were selected by available sampling method and assigned to emotion regulation strategies treatment group. Then, three subjects received an 8-session protocol for treatment of emotion regulation strategies (Gross-2008). Event-edited impact questionnaires (Garmer, 2003) were administered as research tools in four stages: baseline, third and sixth Chelsea and after treatment. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22 by repeated measurement analysis and data analysis using diagram drawing. The recovery percentage formula (Ogles, 2001) was used to judge the rate of recovery.

The results showed that the approach of emotion regulation strategies improved avoidance and arousal in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder due to COVID-19. The percentage of recovery of avoidance and arousal in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder caused by the disease was between 52% and 68%.

It can be concluded that the approach of emotion regulation strategies improves avoidance and arousal in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder due to COVID-19 and this treatment can be used to reduce psychological problems in COVID-19 patients.

According to the studies, cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in iran. Some patients suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder after surgery. Desensitization treatment with eye movements and reprocessing can lead to a significant improvement in the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, but little research has been done on the effect of this treatment on the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in the research community.

This study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of desensitization treatment with eye movements and reprocessing on the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery.

This study is a pre-test, and post-test design with a control group, and the statistical population is patients who were referred to Tehran Cardiac Rehabilitation Clinic 4-6 weeks after coronary bypass surgery. Among these, a sample of 40 people was placed in 2 intervention and control groups by random sampling, and the assessment of people was based on the revised Weiss and Marmer impact of event scale in three stages: pre-test, post-test and follow-up (after six months) was done in both groups. Analysis of variance with intergroup repeated measurement was also used for data analysis.

Statistical analysis shows that the desensitization treatment with eye movements and reprocessing leads to a significant reduction in the variables of avoidance, hyperarousal and unwanted thoughts (P≤ 0.001), and its effect was sustained until the end of the six-month follow-up period.

According to the present study, desensitization treatment with eye movements and reprocessing using exposure and reprocessing of the traumatic event reduces the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in cardiovascular patients. It is recommended to conduct studies with more samples.

The 11th edition of the WHO International Classification of Diseases (ICD11) has defined Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) as a new and different condition from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). This article studied published research findings from 1992 to 2023 related to causative factors,  symptoms, assessment tools, differential diagnosis, and treatment of  CPTSD from Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Pubmed with a narrative reviewing method. Its methodology is based on the collection, classification, and summarizing of the findings of scientific articles. For this purpose, the keywords of trauma, CPTSD, and PTSD were used. 86 articles were selected in the initial search, and 39 articles related to childhood trauma and CPTSD and the difference between PTSD and CPTSD  were selected. The results showed that CPTSD  is a separate disorder from PTSD, whose symptoms and diagnostic tools are different from PTSD. The combination of insecure attachment and emotional dysregulation are the underlying factors in the development of CPTSD as a result of childhood trauma. due to the newness of this disorder, little research about its treatment has been done and more studies are needed.

The occurrence of war is one of the factors that can lead to post-traumatic stress disorder. The aim of this study was to determine the role of attitude towards spirituality and resilience in predicting marital satisfaction of spouses of veterans with post-traumatic stress in East Azerbaijan province. Research method is correlational type and from the statistical population of the study, including the wives of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder, 120 people were selected as the sample based on the available sampling method. Subjects answered the tools of this study including Shahidi and Faraji Spiritual Attitude, Connor-Davidson Resilience and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaires. Data analyzed using Pearson correlation and regression analysis methods. The results of the research showed that attitude towards spirituality has a significant correlation with marital satisfaction. The results showed that the components of attitude towards spirituality and resilience components had significant relation with marital satisfaction. Attitudes towards spirituality and resilience predict 42% of changes in marital satisfaction. Among the components of attitude towards spirituality, spiritual ability and among the components of resilience, spiritual influences, Positive acceptance of change and secure relationships and perceived control can predict marital satisfaction. The predictive power of other variables (spiritual attitude, Trust in one´s instincts and Personal competence) is not significant. The results of this research highlight the need to carry out interventions in order to improve resilience and attitude towards spirituality to improve marital satisfaction in spouses of post-traumatic stress disorder veterans.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the role of personality factors in predicting the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in people exposed to trauma.

The current research method was the type of correlation designs and structural equation modeling method. The statistical population in this research included all the earthquake victims of the recent Kermanshah earthquake, whose number is about 21,000 people. According to Morgan's table, 377 people were selected as simple random sampling. The data were obtained using the Mississippi PTSD citizenship scale (Kian et al., 1988) and the five-factor personality questionnaire (Costa and McCree, 1985). In order to describe the research variables, standard deviation, average, skewness and kurtosis indices were used. Frequency and percentage indicators were also reported for demographic characteristics. It should be mentioned that SPSS software was used for descriptive analysis. In the inferential part, in order to test the hypotheses of the research, modeling of structural equations with Amos software was used.

The results showed that the components of adaptability, conscientiousness and openness had a negative effect on PTSD, the relationship between adaptability and PTSD was directly equal (t=-3.97 and β=-0.18), the relationship of conscientiousness It is directly equal to PTSD (t=-3.84 and β=-0.17) and the relationship of openness with PTSD is directly equal to (t=-4.49 and β=-0.20). Also, the results show that the neuroticism component had a positive effect on PTSD, the relationship between neuroticism and PTSD is directly equal (t = 9.23, β = 0.41).

It can be concluded that the results of the statistical test showed that the fit indices of the research model are in a favorable condition. Also, the components of adaptability, conscientiousness and openness have had a negative effect on PTSD, the component of neuroticism has had a positive effect on PTSD.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy on the use of adaptive strategies and maladaptive strategies in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder after the covid-19 disease. For this purpose; In a multi-baseline single-subject study, three people suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder caused by covid-19 among the people who were admitted to Masih Daneshvar Hospital in Tehran at least one month ago due to covid-19 disease, using a purposive sampling method. , responded to the emotion regulation questionnaire CERQ (Ganevsky et al., 2001) and the impact of the event – edition IES-R (Weiss and Mamar, 1997) and were evaluated. The data were analyzed by the method of repeated measurements analysis and with the help of drawing a diagram. The findings showed that the patients under treatment showed significant effectiveness in using adaptive strategies and maladaptive strategies and achieved significant clinical improvement. so; Cognitive behavioral therapy has an effect on the use of adaptive strategies and maladaptive strategies in patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder of covid-19.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric syndrome caused by exposure to threatening events such as war, car accidents, and physical and sexual assault. The experience of psychological trauma can have long-term cognitive effects. The symptoms of PTSD include changes in cognitive processes such as memory, attention, planning, and problem-solving and destructive effects on a person's performance. In the research background of this disorder cognitive defects been emphasized, such as memory defects, and their role in the continuation of the disorder. The present study was conducted to review the existing theories about memory deficits in people with PTSD and theories that explain post-traumatic stress disorder, focusing on the role of memory in this disorder. The related Keywords to this research topic were searched in reliable databases such as Science Direct, Elsevier, Google Scholar, PubMed, and APA PsycNet in the period 2000 to 2022. The results of this survey show that one of the most prominent symptoms of these people is the experience of disturbing symptoms, which play an important role in memory disorders, and focusing on the reduction of these symptoms or eliminating them can lead to better treatment responses. Though that, for more effective treatments, clinical studies, and actions are still needed.

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the unified trans-diagnostic treatment on emotion regulation, anxiety sensitivity, and sleep quality in people with post-traumatic stress disorder. The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and control group with 2-month and 4-month follow-up periods. The statistical population included all patients referred to psychological counseling centers in Kermanshah in the years 1399-1400 with post-traumatic stress disorder, from which 40 people were selected in an accessible and purposeful manner and randomly assigned to experimental (n=20) and control (n=20) groups. In order to collect data from the  Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) by Gross and john (2003), Anxiety Sensitivity Inventory-3 (ASI-3) by Taylor & cox (1998), and Pitesbourg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) buysee et al (1989) were used. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. The results of the analysis showed that unified trans-diagnostic treatment led to a significant improvement in anxiety sensitivity, sleep quality, and emotion regulation in people suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (P<0/01). The examination of the follow-up periods showed that there was no significant difference between the follow-up and post-test periods (P>0/01). Therefore, this shows the persistence of the treatment effect over time. From the above findings, it can be concluded that unified transdiagnostic treatment can be used as an effective approach to modify and improve the psychological problems of people with post-traumatic stress disorder.

The purpose of this study is to determine the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas in relation to attachment styles and defense mechanisms with symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in married women flooded in Aq Qala city. The research method was a descriptive correlation. The statistical population included women married women who flooded in Aqqala city in 2019 and who had health records in urban health centers and rural health houses. Were selected 379 people by cluster sampling. The research tool consisted of four questionnaires; the post-traumatic stress disorder checklist (PCL) Weathers et al. (1993), the defense styles questionnaire (DSQ) Andrews et al. (1999), the adult attachment questionnaire (AAQ) Hazan and Shaver (1987) and schema questionnaire short form (YSQ SF) Young (1994). Used structural equation analysis to data analyze. The results showed that was significant the direct effect of secure attachment (P = 0.02) and neuroprotective defense mechanisms (P = 0.006) and the indirect effect of anxiety attachment and underdeveloped defense mechanisms mediated by early maladaptive schemas on the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. It was significant from the accident (P = 0.01). Although no significant effect was observed for avoidant attachment and developed defense mechanisms, the research model had a good fit. The result of the research showed the explanatory role of early maladaptive schemas in the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in women living in Aq Qala with regard to attachment and defense mechanisms.

Introductoin:

 Post-traumatic stress disorder is a severe psychological disorder, which arises due to undergoing a stressful and traumatic event. The present study aimed at identifying the effectiveness of Prolonged Exposure therapy in resilience and reducing the clinical symptoms in sexually abused girls with post-traumatic stress disorder.

The research design was a single subject of A-B type with a follow-up period. The statistical population of the study included all 12 to 18-year-old girls with post-traumatic stress disorder due to sexual harassment in Izeh city who were referred to the Social Emergency Center in 2020. Two of them were selected through purposive sampling. Three baseline sessions were considered for each subject. Intervention sessions were performed individually based on a prolonged exposure therapy program in 10 sessions of 90 minutes (2 days a week).Evaluations were performed by the PTSD Symptom Scale (Foa et al., 2018) and resilience questionnaire (Connor and Davidson, 2003) in three stages baseline, intervention sessions, and one month following the treatment. Data analysis was done using visual analysis of graphs, calculation of recovery percentage, and reliable percentage index.

Findings proved that with the beginning of the intervention, both subjects showed a decreasing and improving process in the scores of post-traumatic stress disorder syndrome, and an increasing and improving process in the scores of Connor and Davidson resilience scales. Subjects preserved these results for up to one month following the treatment.

Based on the findings, it is recommended that therapists in the field of children and adolescents use prolonged exposure therapy to increase resiliency and improve stress-made symptoms to achieve more effectiveness. These findings provide important implications for educating and promoting children's mental health.

Sexual abuse is a trauma caused by injury, which seriously threatens the health of adolescents and makes them need professional help. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based therapy in improving resilience and reducing the clinical symptoms of adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder caused by sexual harassment. The research design was a single subject with a follow-up period. The statistical population of the study included all 12 to 18-year-old girls with post-traumatic stress disorder due to sexual harassment in Izeh city who referred to the social emergency center in 2020. Two of them were selected through purposive sampling. Three baseline sessions were performed for each participant. Evaluations were done using the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Scale (Foa et al., 2018) and the Resilience Questionnaire (Connor and Davidson, 2003) at baseline, intervention sessions, and one month after treatment (follow-up). The intervention was performed individually based on mindfulness in 8 sessions. Data analysis was done using visual analysis of graph, recovery percentage and reliable percentage index. The results showed that both subjects showed a decreasing and improving trend in the scale of post-traumatic stress disorder syndrome and an increasing and improving trend in the Conner and Davidson Resilience Scale scores. Subjects preserved these results for up to one month after treatment. Based on the findings of the research, it is recommended that therapists in the field of children and adolescents use mindfulness therapies to achieve more effectiveness in increasing resilience and improving stress symptoms.

During the Covid-19 epidemic, the mental health of nurses and staff in patient-related wards is critical. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between perceived vulnerability to disease and the experience of post-traumatic stress symptoms in the caregiving staff of patients with Covid-19. The present study is basic research and descriptive-correlational in terms of method. The study population consisted of all care staff of patients with Covid-19 working in hospitals in Tehran in June and July 2021, from which 677 people were selected as a sample. Research instruments include Mississippi Scale for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (MCCP: Keane et al., 1988), the Perceived Vulnerability to Disease Questionnaire (PVDQ: Duncan et al., 2009), and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ: Garnefski et al., 2002). Data were analyzed using structural equation analysis using Amos version 24 and SPSS version 22.  Findings of the study indicated that the model has a good fit and perceived vulnerability has no significant effect on the experience of PTSD symptoms. Still, positive cognitive emotion regulation has a significant negative effect on PTSD  and negative cognitive emotion regulation had a significant positive impact on PTSD (ρ<0.001). In addition, the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between perceived vulnerability and PTSD was also significant (ρ<0.001).  It can be concluded that perceived vulnerability through cognitive emotion regulation strategies can be the basis for experiencing the symptoms of PTSD.

Working memory executive deficits have a role in maintaining Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms including flashbacks and reexperiencing. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to compare the visual and verbal Proactive Interference in trauma-exposed individuals with and without PTSD. 
In this retrospective study, we recruited subjects through the purposive sampling method. We compared 30 survivors of road traffic accidents with PTSD with 30 trauma-exposed individuals without PTSD in terms of visual and verbal Proactive Interference. Measuring tools included the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder semi-structured Interview for DSM-V, the Beck Depression Inventory-II and the Recent Probes Task. Data were analyzed using mixed repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) in SPSS-21 software.
Subjects of the PTSD group reported higher levels of visual and verbal Proactive Interference than the control group. Moreover, patients with PTSD indicated higher deficiencies in visual working memory than verbal working memory.
Patients with PTSD show deficiencies in controlling proactive interference that should be taken into consideration through their treatment procedure.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder and Sluggish cognitive tempo in individuals with ADHD Symptoms with emphasis on the moderating role of child abuse and the mediating role of experiential avoidance.

In this correlational study, the statistical population included 312 patients with ADHD in the age range of 18 to 60 years-old in Isfahan who had Barkley Adult ADHD rating scale (BAARS) of Z=+1 scores. Then, in order to assess the moderating role of child abuse, the subjects were divided into two separate groups (Z <0 including those who were not diagnosed with child abuse and Z> 0 including those who were diagnosed with child abuse).

The results showed that child abuse modulates the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder and Sluggish cognitive tempo (t = 1.97, P <0.05) and experience avoidance does not mediate this relationship (The standard coefficient of indirect effect in the group who experienced child abuse is equal to 0.17 (P = 0.466), and in the group without that experience is equal to 0.12 (P = 0.411)).

According to the research findings, child abuse affects the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder and Sluggish cognitive tempo and therefore can play a role in the development of Sluggish cognitive tempo.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mindfulness in predicting symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, job stress and job burnout in Tabriz firefighters in the year 2019. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this study consisted all of 640 Tabriz firefighters. Finally, 127 of them were selected by cluster sampling. The Burnout Inventory (MBI) (Maslach, 1991), Mississippi scale for combat-related PTSD (M-PTSD) (Norris, Reed, 1997), The Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI) Short Form (Walach et al. 2006), and Job Stress Scale )Cooper, Marshall, 1976( were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using regression analysis. Findings showed that mindfulness plays a role in predicting post-traumatic stress disorder (β=0.307), job stress (β=0.228) and job burnout (β=0.179). Mindfulness can also negatively predict having post-traumatic stress disorder, stress problems and job burnout in firefighters.

The rapid outbreak of Covid disease has affected 19 worlds on a large scale. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived anxiety caused by Corona virus (Covid-19 disease) with post-traumatic stress disorder and chronic pain in nurses.

The present study was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population included all nurses of Musa Ibn Al-Jaafar Hospital in Quchan city, from which 100 nurses were selected as a sample based on available sampling method and according to Krejcie and Morgan table. The research instruments were Coronavirus Anxiety Inventory, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Inventory and Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using stepwise regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient.

The results showed that perceived anxiety caused by Corona virus (Covid 19) can predict post-traumatic stress disorder and chronic pain in nurses. The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that physical symptoms and then psychological symptoms have the highest share of predicting post-traumatic stress disorder and chronic pain in nurses, respectively.

According to the research findings, to reduce post-accident stress and increase the management and acceptance of chronic pain in nurses, coronavirus anxiety reduction techniques are recommended for staff and treatment teams in hospitals involved in coronavirus.

The aim of this study was to effectiveness of metacognitive therapy and transcranial direct current stimulation on the executive functions of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder.

The present study is a quasi-experimental study and its research design is pre-test and post-test with a control group. Sixty PTSD veterans of Bustan Psychiatric Hospital in Ahvaz participated in study as a sample and were randomly divided into three groups of metacognitive therapy, tDCS and control. The measuring instruments were the Stroop test and the Tower of London test. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA.

the results showed that in the executive function test of Stroop and Tower of London in the pre-test stage there was no significant difference between groups (P <0.05) but in the post-test stage there was a significant difference between groups (0.05 > P). According to the results of Bonferroni test, there is a significant difference between the metacognitive therapy group with control (P<0.05) and tDCS with control (P<0.05) in strop and Tower of London test, but there is none significant difference between the metacognitive therapy and tDCS groups (P <0.05).

use of metacognitive therapy approach as well as tDCS of can improve executive functions in veterans with PTSD. Therefore, it is recommended to therapists and rehabilitators and all people who deal with such people to use these two types of approaches in their daily plans and to improve executive functions.