جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "بخشش درمانی" در نشریات گروه "روانشناسی"

This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of forgiveness therapy on distress tolerance and perceived stress of mothers with visually impaired children. The current research was conducted with a quasi-experimental method with a pre-test, post-test design with a control group. The total number of the statistical population was 90 people, 20 of the mothers were selected by convenience sampling method from schools for the blind in Isfahan city and were randomly replaced in a control group and an experimental group of 10 people. The experimental group participated in the forgiveness therapy program during 12 sessions of 60 minutes once a week, and the control group did not participate in this program. Research tools include the Perceived Stress Scale of Cohen, et al. and Distress Tolerance Scale of Simons & Gaher. Data were analyzed by univariate analysis of covariance. Findings showed that forgiveness therapy had a positive and significant effect on perceived stress and distress tolerance of participants. It is suggested that psychologists use forgiveness therapy as an effective intervention to improve the distress tolerance and perceived stress of parents with visually impaired children.

One of the most important developmental stages of every human being is childhood, because during this period personality is formed. Children in the family learn to respect others’ rights, to pay attention to people, and to recognize social values and norms. Many studies have shown the adverse impacts of child abuse and the cognitive and emotional misbehavior on the child. Among the long-term psychological effects of physical abuse are major behavioral and psychological problems in adolescence and adulthood. Adults who recall maltreatment are significantly at risk of developing psychological trauma. Retrospective reports of maltreatment experiences up to age 12 have shown that at the age 18, these individuals have several psychiatric problems, including depression, anxiety, self-mutilation, alcohol dependence and conduct disorder. These results show a strong connection between childhood maltreatment and suffering from the mentioned disorders. Research has proven that early maladaptive schemas mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and adulthood psychological trauma. Although the tissue damage of physical abuse heals over time, its psychological effects often continue throughout a person's life and leave disastrous results. Some studies have shown that mental and physical abuse during childhood can lead to a decrease in mental well-being in adulthood. As a result, one of the things that needs to be considered is psychological well-being.Reef and Case (2002) presented the theory of psychological well-being or positive mental health. According to the theory, psychological well-being consists of six factors: self-acceptance (having a positive attitude towards oneself), having a positive relationship with others (empathy and intimate relationship with others), autonomy (feel of independence and ability to resist social pressures), purposeful life (having purpose and meaning in life), personal growth (feel of continuous growth), and mastering the environment (ability to manage the environment). The theory has been widely used over the world. One of the most important methods that can be used for improving the various psychological aspects of adults is therapeutic forgiveness approach. Forgiveness therapy can be effectively used alone or combined with other approaches for changing an individual’s view towards others and managing emotions correctly in communication. Examining the Quranic verses and traditions in Islam also shows the emphasis on forgiveness and forgiving others’ mistakes. Forgiveness is a process in which a person moves past the wrong done to him and gives up his right to be angry about the hurtful act committed. The aim of forgiveness can be improving relationships, achieving inner peace, empathizing with the wronged person, or performing a valuable behavior. This study, then, sought to explore the impacts of implementing forgiveness therapy on the mental well-being of mothers experiencing abuse in childhood.

This quasi-experimental study used a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. Available sampling and random assignment were used for this study. The statistical population consisted of mothers visiting Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Counseling Center in the second quarter of 2018, who were subjected to behavioral, linguistic and psychological abuse during their childhood. The people were recruited through invitation to participate in the research project and after screening by means of mental well-being questionnaire (score less than 168), 30 of them were selected and randomly assigned to two groups of 15 people for the experiment and 15 people for the control group. Data were collected through Reef's psychological well-being questionnaire (Reef, 1989). The data collected from the pre-test and post-test questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS. The data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to infer the data to control the pre-test effect.

Descriptive results show that the average psychological well-being of the experimental group increased by 20.87 in the post-test phase, while no noticeable changes were observed in the control group from the pre-test to post-test phases. The results in the inferential statistics section, using covariance analysis, showed that the averages of the experimental group due to therapeutic forgiveness are significantly higher than the averages of the control group, which means that therapeutic forgiveness increases the psychological well-being of mothers who have been abused in childhood.

Data analysis showed that therapeutic forgiveness increased the mental well-being of mothers abused in childhood. Forgiveness includes six psychological components: the absence of emotion, judgment, and negative behavior towards the wrongdoer, and the presence of emotion, judgment, and positive behavior towards the same mistake. Therapeutic forgiveness emphasizes the importance of the injured person not allowing the traumatic incident to continuously affect the his/her sense of self or ruin his personal relationships and go beyond the natural response to the injury. This is necessary for self-development and as well as for the emotional and moral development of the injured person. When forgiveness takes place completely, the person psychologically feels being healed. Forgiveness is considered an individual characteristic that is done to show a positive and socially friendly reaction to human and environmental errors. To increase mental health and improve resentment, which is necessary for a people’s communication and their emotional, spiritual and physical growth. In other words, forgiveness is an emotional transformation that is freely chosen, during which the desire to take revenge and avoid the wrongdoer decreases, and as a result, improves physical and mental health.

The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of forgiveness therapy and mindfulness training on improvement of forgiveness in secondary school students. The research design was a semi-experimental design with pretest, posttest and a control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all tenth and eleventh grade students of high school of Tehran during 2018-2019. Six classes were chosen using random cluster sampling and randomly assigned based on the classroom groups into three groups. The first experimental group (forgiveness therapy) consisted of 38 participants, the second experimental group (mindfulness training) consisted of 37 individuals and the control group consisted of 40 participants. The research instrument included The Heartland Forgiveness Tendency Scale. The experimental groups were trained based on forgiveness therapy or mindfulness training, but control group had no intervention. After that, posttest and follow-up after one month and half was performed. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) were used to analyze the data. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental groups and the control group in terms of forgiveness and its subscales in the post-test and follow-up stages. Also, mindfulness training had a greater effect on the improvement of forgiveness in the long term.(p001/0 >) .According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that mindfulness training helps to improve students' forgiveness in the long term more than forgiveness therapy(p001/0 >) , and also its effectiveness is more lasting.

This research aims to determine the effect of forgiveness therapy on students happiness and the quality of their academic life . research method is semi-experimental regarding academic. statistical population of the research consisted of all male students in first good of high school in zahak city in academic year 2018-2019 . Finally , sample size of 30 people was selected using multi-stage cluster sampling .   to measure research variables , tow oxford happiness questionnaires (OHI) and the quality of life at school questionnaire (QOSL) were used which reviewed by Anderson and brou (2000) and forgireness therapy training was held for tweleve 60 minutes sessions (fire weeks and tow sessions each week) for test group based on main therapy pattern . in this research , descriptive (frequency distribution , calculation of central indices) and inferential statistics ( Kolmogorov – smirnor test , levene test , single variable covariance analysis and multi – variable covariance analysis ) were used to data analysis . the results showed that forgiveness therapy training has effect on students happiness and the Quality of their academic life . ie . forgiveness  therapy training causes increase in happiness and improve students .quality of academic life.

The aim of this study was to develop a forgiveness-oriented schema therapy educational package and compare its effectiveness with schema therapy and cognitive-behavioral timing on marital intimacy, marital commitment on women with marital conflicts in Shiraz. It was an exploratory research project with two stages, qualitative and quantitative. In the qualitative stage, in order to compile the forgiveness-based treatment schema package, the qualitative method of thematic analysis (thematic) was data-driven, and in the quantitative part, a four-group quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test and control group was used. Scientific sources included books, articles and dissertations related to the field of marital conflicts and in a small part included women with marital conflicts who referred to counseling centers in Shiraz in 1998. They and having the criteria for entering and leaving the study were randomly assigned to 15 people in each of the three training groups and 15 people in the control group for a total of 60 people.

Findings in the qualitative stage, the training package fits the forgiveness-oriented schema therapy scheme With the needs of women with marital conflicts in the form of 11 90-minute sessions with a specialized agreement of 0.924

The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of training forgiveness therapy on controlling anger among the female high school students. The population was students living in Tehran in 2009-2010. Through multi-stage sampling method, 50 students were selected and randomly assigned to 2 groups of experimental and control. In order to test the hypothesis of the study, the quasi-experimental design of pre-test and post-test, with control group, was used and the extent of anger in the students was measured with the Spiel Berger State-Trait Anger Size (STAXI-2). Then the experimental group received 10 sessions of 90 minute training in forgiveness therapy. The use of MANOVA showed that training forgiveness therapy affected the control of anger among the female high school students. Training forgiveness therapy also affected subscales of state anger, trait anger, and anger expression in female high school students. However, it had no effect on subscales of anger expression-out, anger control-out and anger control-in. Therefore, it can be concluded that the training of forgiveness therapy has effects on controlling anger in female students, and can be effectively used for the treatment of anger and aggression.

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of forgiveness therapy on aggression and empathy of incarcerated boy youth. Research method was pre –post test experimental design. Through all delinquents who have forgiveness issues, 24 participants were randomly selected and randomly were allocated in experimental and control groups. Instruments were the Aggression and Batson’s Empathy Adjectives test. The experimental group was trained in forgiveness therapy via eight group sessions of one hour duration each and no intervention was given to a control group. Statistical analyzed from t-test for independent groups showed that empathy significantly increased in the experimental group as compared to control group, but aggression in the experimental group was not significantly changed. Therefore, forgiveness therapy could be used significantly and effectively to increase empathy and prosocial behaviors.

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of forgiveness therapy program on marital conflicts and life quality of women referred to Arak Welfare Organization. For this purpose, among women whom gained the high scores (high then 25) in the marital conflict questionnaire (an available sample), a sample of 30 women was assigned randomly into two experimental and control groups. In order to test the research hypotheses, a semi-experimental pre-test and post-test design with the control group was used. The instruments of this study were SF36 life quality and ENRICH marital conflict questionnaires. Then the experimental group received ten 75-minute sessions of forgiveness therapy program, but the control group did not receive any treatment. The outcomes of T-test and MANOVA indicated that forgiveness therapy program was effectiveness on reducing marital conflicts and increasing women's life quality in general, and this effect was statistically meaningful at p&le.05.