جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "توجه متمرکز بر خود" در نشریات گروه "روانشناسی"

Paying attention to effective and perpetuating cognitive factors of depression is one of the research and treatment priorities. This study aimed to testthe mediating model of self and external-focused attention in the relationship between behavioral inhibition/activation systems and depression symptoms among depressed patients.

The current descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted using a correlation design and structural equation modeling among depressed people who were referred to counseling centers in Qom in the first half of 1400, and 200 people were selected by available sampling. The Behavioral Inhibition and Activation Systems Scale (BIS/BAS), the Beck Depression Test, and the Focus of Attention Questionnaire (FAQ) were used. Data were analyzed in SPSS-26 and AMOS-24 software through Pearson's correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling techniques. Bootstrap analysis was used to test the significance of indirect paths.

The final model, after modification, had a good fit with the data by freeing several covariance errors (CFI=0.968, RMSEA=0.090). Other direct paths were significant (P<0.05). The obvious bootstrap analysis of self-focused attention has a mediating role in the relationship between the behavioral activation and the behavioral inhibition systems with depression symptoms (P<0.0001 in both analyses).

Focused attention as a key mediator can reduce the protective effects of the activity of the behavioral activation system on the symptoms of depression and intensify the destructive effects of the activity of the behavioral inhibition system on the symptoms of depression.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive - behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy (IPT) in reducing self- focused attention and fear of negative evaluation in patients with social anxiety. The study design pre-test - post-test in which 40 students with social anxiety disorder were selected and randomly assigned to either group CBT and IPT. Tools used in this study included the Structured Clinical Interview, the Focus of Attention Questionnaire (FAQ), the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), and the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale revised version (BFNE-II). Data were statistically analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA). The results showed that there was no difference between the two psychotherapies in the improvement in self- focused attention and fear of negative evaluation. The findings of this study showed that both therapies are equally effective for self- focused attention and fear of negative evaluation in patients with social anxiety. Given that IPT is as effective as cognitive-behavior therapy in reducing the fear of negative evaluation and self-focused attention, it could be used to reduce the symptoms of social phobia, especially the fear of negative evaluation and self-focused attention.in situations where IPT is more efficacious, such as those with milder dysfunction in social and cognitive performance.

Methamphetamine abuse is a kind of addictions that there is not any useful antagonist to withdraw or control it in drug abuse area. For this purpose this research was performed aimed to investigate the cognitive functions and cognitive-executive models of the patients and to compare the results with normal people. The sample of 60 participants were availably selected and equally divided in to methamphetamine abusers and normal groups. The entry criteria were controlled such as age, education, and time of abuse. Data was collected by Wisconsin, Meta-cognition and continuous operation tests. Results showed methamphetamine group were significantly weaker than normal group in meta-cognition, cognitive flexibility and focus attention as well as the most difference were in meta-cognition and focus attention. According to the findings, methamphetamine abusers significantly show poor performance in executive functions than normal people. There need more study to conclusion, but it seems that executive function enhancement could effect on methamphetamine abuse withdraw or control.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of cognitive- behavioral therapy based on Hofmann’s model on the reduction of fear of negative evaluation and self- focused attention in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
The study was single-subject design.This study was conducted by using multiple-baselines design during the 12 sessions, on three female patients with one month and four months follow-up.
Data were gathered through Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), The Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (BFNE) and Focus of Attention Questionnaire (FAQ). visual analyze, percent of improvement and effect size methods were used to analyzes of data.
The cognitive- behavioral therapy based on Hofmann’s model led to reduce fear of negative evaluation and self- focused attention in social anxiety disorder. The results of treatment continued to one month and four months follow-up period.
Cognitive- behavioral therapy based on Hofmann’s model reduced fear of negative evaluation in social anxiety disorder.

This paper aimed to predicting of social phobia with gender, perception of negative evaluation by others, negative self-evaluation, self-focus attention, behavioral inhibition and early maladaptive schemas variables among students of Baharestan Payam Noor university. The number of sample were 310 people that selected via available and volunteer sampling method. The instruments Were Social Phobia Inventory (Connor et al), Focus of Attention Questionnaire (Woody, Chambless & Glass), Adult Measure of Behavioral Inhibition (Gladstone & Parker), Consequences of Negative Social Events Questionnaire (Wilson & Rapee‌(, The State-Trait Anger Expression inventory (Spielbergerand). In this investigation data analysed with path analysis via AMOS software. although results from this paper showed gender and anger expression didn’t predict social phobia (p>0/05) but perception of negative evaluation by others, negative self-evaluation and behavioral inhibition components have direct effect on social phobia as mediating variables (p<0/05) while self-focus attention and early maladaptive schemas had indirect effect on social anxiety (p<0/05). Also this model explained the 72 percents of total variance.According to this study it can be said that early maladaptive schemas effect on social anxiety via surface-level cognition variables (perception of negative evaluation by others, negative self-evaluation and behavioral inhibition) as deeper cognitive variables.

The purpose of the present study was to compare effects of self-focused attention on memory bias in individuals with social anxiety. To do this, 45 male students in Tabriz University were selected to participate in the study who had higher scores in Connor social phobia inventory (SPIN) than its cut point. The sampling method was available. Participants were randomly divided into three groups: two experimental groups and one control group. All the subjects were presented the emotionally words to recall. During the experiment, one group received the false feedback of increased self-focused attention, and the other group received the false feedback of decreased self-focused attention. The control group received non-relevant feedback. Next, previous emotional words were presented with a series of other words for subjects to recognize. Using signal detection theory, response bias (ß) and response sensitivity (d'), were calculated for the recognition of emotional words. The data was analyzed by MANOVA. The results showed that there is significant difference in response sensitivity among three groups, but no significant difference in response bias was seen among the groups. Based on the findings, sensitivity of people with social anxiety in dealing with stressful situations and negative social and also individual memory bias were confirmed.