جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « attachment theory » در نشریات گروه « روانشناسی »

Shame is a debilitating self-conscious emotion that could be experienced whether in company or alone. A vast body of research links shame-proneness, that is, the propensity to experience shame in the absence of proportionate stimuli, to a whole range of psychopathologies. There is consensus among renowned theorists that shame-proneness has developmental roots. attachment insecurities and mentalizing incapacity, which develop hand in hand in the context of early childhood experiences, are postulated to contribute to shame-proneness. Despite the richness in conceptualizations, we believe there is a lack of evidence in support of the hypothesized associations. In this paper, we aimed to integrate the theoretical and empirical literature associating shame-proneness, attachment styles, and mentalizing capacity, and to provide directions for future studies.

Facial expressions of emotion are one of the most complex mental states. The aim of this study was to examine the link between attachment styles and ability to recognize facial expressions of emotion. In a cross-sectional study, 221 people (100 women and 121 men) from Shahid Beheshti students were selected using convenience sampling method and completed the revised computerized version of the facial emotional expressions test and Attachment Style Questionnaire. Results indicated difference between individuals with secure and insecure attachment styles in recognizing facial expressions of emotion. So that individuals with secure attachment styles had better performance than individuals with insecure attachment. There were no significant differences between individuals with avoidance and anxiety attachment styles. Results are discussed in terms of the long-term influence of early experiences of mother and child relationship on the ability to recognize facial emotional expressions.

Social intelligence is defined as capacity of social information processing, social skills and social awareness. Attachment styles are effective factors in developing interpersonal relationships formed in childhood. The present study was conducted with the aim of explaining social intelligence according to attachment dimensions. In a correlation study, a sample of 274 participants was selected using stratified sampling method. Participants answered to Tromsø Social Intelligence Scale and Revised Adult Attachment Inventory. Data were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results showed that all three components of attachment styles were related to social intelligence, but anxious and avoidant attachments styles showed high contribution in predicting of social intelligence, respectively. Results show contribution of secure attachment styles in developing social intelligence.

The main purpose of this study was to explain personality disorders in terms of attachment theory in a sample of patients with personality disorder. Sixty eight patients (43 male, 25 female) referred to the University of Tehran and the Iran University of Science and Technology clinics were included in this study. All participants were asked to complete the Millon Clinical Multiaxel Inventory-II (MCMI-II) and the Adult Attachment Inventory (AAI). Analysis of the data involved both descriptive and inferential statistics including means, standard deviations, chi-square tests, and correlation coefficients. The results revealed that ambivalent attachment style was significantly associated with dependent, histrionic, obsessive-compulsive, and passive-aggressive personality disorders while avoidant attachment style was significantly associated with paranoid personality disorder. The correlations of avoidant attachment style and personality disorders of schizoid, narcissistic, schizotypal, and borderline were in the positive directions but just failed to reach levels of statistical significance. The association of personality disorders to attachment disorders is explained by internal working models through negative evaluation of self, positive/negative evaluation of others, and constant preoccupation with interpersonal relationships.

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between attachment styles and perfectionism in a sample of Tehran University students. One hundred and seventy students (97 girls, 73 boys) were included in this study. Participants were asked to complete the Adult Attachment Inventory (AAI) and the Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale (PANPS). Analysis of the data involved both descriptive and inferential statistics including means, standard deviations, t-test, correlation coefficient, and analysis of regression. The results revealed that attachment styles were associated with perfectionism. Secure attachment style was positively associated with positive perfectionism and negatively related to negative perfectionism. Insecure attachment styles (avoidant, ambivalence) were negatively associated with positive perfectionism and positively related to negative perfectionism. Analysis of the data revealed that positive perfectionism was predicted by secure attachment style, while negative perfectionism was predicted by insecure attachment styles. The quality of perfectionism is influenced by attachment styles through “internal working models” and mechanisms such as “affect regulation”, “repression”, “denial”, and “idealization”.