جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "brain stimulation" در نشریات گروه "روانشناسی"

In the present study, the effects of ultrasound, infrasound, and electroconvulsive stimulation on depression-like behavior was assessed in animal models.

For carrying out this study, 60 male BALB/c mice (mean age of 60 days, weight range of 25 – 30 g) were randomly selected. Depression was induced using reserpine 0.1 mg/kg i.p. for 30 days.  They were allocated to three groups of experimental (ultrasound, infrasound, and electroconvulsive stimulation) and one group of control animals, each including 15 mice. Experimental animals received ultra- or infrasound 0.5 hours or 1 electroconvulsive pulse, daily for 10 days. Finally the Forced Swim Test was carried out.

There was a statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the duration of immobility posture [F(3,54) = 99.54, P = 0.001]. Mean immobility time was significantly longer in the control group compared to the other groups. Also, immobility was significantly longer for electroconvulsive compared to the ultra- and infrasound groups. Group ultrasound showed longer immobility than group infrasound; however, the difference was not significant.

Ultrasound and infrasound stimulations are capable of decreasing depression-like behavior in mice. The results of this study were also compatible with the application of electroconvulsive therapy. However, a more successful response can be exploited with ultra- and infrasound stimulations.

Anxiety is a prevalent mental illness worldwide with a considerable burden to health services. We tried to assess the effects of ultrasound, infrasound, and electroconvulsive stimulation on anxiety-like behavior in mice models. In total, 60 male BALB/c mice were included. Our mice were exposed to the urine of cats. Each exposure lasted for 1 hour and was repeated 3 times a day, for 30 days. Then, the mice were allocated to three groups of experimental (ultrasound, infrasound, and electroconvulsive stimulation) and one group of control animals, each including 15 mice. The experimental animals received ultra- or infrasound 0.5 hours or 1 electroconvulsive pulse, daily for 10 days. We used a mouse elevated plus maze (EPM) to compare anxiety responses between the experimental and control groups. The outcome measures, percentage of entries to and percentage of time spent on the open arms, were measured. There was a significant effect of the intervention on the percentage of entries into as well as the time spent on the open arms (MANOVA, p = 0.001). Separate analyses confirmed significant treatment effects on the outcomes (ANOVA, both p = 0.001). Post-hoc tests revealed that ultrasound increased the percentage of entries into and time spent on the open arms. Infrasound did not affect the outcome compared with the no-treatment control. The mice with electroconvulsive stimulation entered the open arms less than controls.Ultrasound stimulations are capable of decreasing anxiety. We did not find any significant anxiolytic effect for infrasound. Our results were not compatible with the application of electroconvulsive therapy for the treatment of anxiety.