جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "حکمرانی دانشگاهی" در نشریات گروه "علوم تربیتی"

University technology transfer offices (UTTOs) have received serious attention in recent years in many of the world's top universities due to the mediation approach of the academic and business environment, which is generally considered in the form of university internal structures. Research and experimental findings indicate a considerable distance from the effective role of UTTOs in the university entrepreneurship ecosystem. It seems that one of the most important reasons for this situation is the strategic mismatch of macro-structures in terms of university governance with the functions of these offices. Therefore, the main purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of market-oriented university governance on the optimal realization of the functions of UTTOs.

The current research employs a mixed exploratory-instrument development approach to investigate the effect of market-oriented university governance on the optimal realization of functions of UTTOs. Initially, the research focuses on identifying market-oriented governance indicators and the functions of UTTOs as two minor objectives. Through a review of the relevant literature and semi-structured interviews, a list of market-oriented university governance indicators was extracted by reaching theoretical saturation and synthesizing the findings of these two stages. Subsequently, in the quantitative phase of the research, the effect of these indicators on the functions of UTTOs were examined using enter regression analysis.

In order to identify market-oriented governance indicators, 50 indicators were identified and validated across four dimensions: contextual (6 indicators), financial (12 indicators), scientific (17 indicators), and organizational (15 indicators). Additionally, to achieve the functions of UTTOs, a list of 25 functions was developed based on document analysis, mission statements, and job descriptions of UTTOs, and more. These functions were categorized into five dimensions: contextual factors, scientific discovery and invention disclosure, evaluation and patent registration, marketing and licensing, and startup establishment. Regression analysis and its coefficients demonstrated that the contextual, financial, scientific, and organizational dimensions of university governance explain 0.226, 0.232, 0.198, and 0.143 of the variances of the functions of UTTOs respectively.
Discussion and

Based on the findings of the current research, it can be stated that paying attention to market-oriented governance indicators in Iranian higher education can have a positive effect on the optimal realization of the functions of UTTOs. In other words, the lack of an entrepreneurial approach (in practice) in university governance in Iran's higher education has resulted in a significant gap between optimal functions and actual performance of UTTOs. It seems that the findings and recommendations of this research can facilitate the optimal development of UTTOs functions.

The change in governance patterns of the higher education system will undoubtedly leave extensive changes in other components and elements of this system. A brief look at the evolution of the university governance system shows that today, new governance models such as the market-oriented model have attracted the attention of many higher education systems worldwide, and different countries are moving towards the market-oriented and society-oriented governance model in terms of their legal, scientific and developmental frameworks. The present article, by examining the transition of university governance models in four countries including France, Iran, Germany and Italy in the form of a comparative study, tries to answer the question of what changes have been experienced in the governance of universities in the mentioned countries during the past three decades. Another question that this article seeks to answer is which of the mentioned models or a combination of them creates more functionality and benefits for the higher education system. Research findings show that university governance models can generally be classified into 4 general categories including market-oriented, government-oriented, academic and hybrid governance models. Also, these models can be compared with each other from the 12 dimensions of university governance. Another finding shows that in the transition from one model to another, the tendency to change from the government-oriented model to the academic model and then to the market-oriented models and finally to the combined model can be seen. Of course, this process has not been the same in all the countries examined in this research, and for this movement, legal and structural changes in the university governance body are very important.

The higher education system challenges in the new millennium are twofold. On the one hand, it has faced the growing and diverse expectations of various stakeholders, and on the other hand, it is confronting a reduction in government financial support and a double emphasis on wealth creation, empowerment, decentralization and increasing the scope of creativity and entrepreneurship in universities. These requirements have shifted universities towards third-generation universities and, consequently, will affect the way they would be governed. Regarding to these points and due to the emphasis of the fifth and sixth development plans of the iranian government in which the nature and method of leading universities is doubted, there is an increasing need to move towards the third-generation universities and therefore, the purpose of this study is to design a governance model for these universities and explain the relationship between Its dimensions.

This applied and developmental research has utilized two strategies: meta-synthesis and total interpretive structural modeling (TISM). The statistical population in the meta-synthesis approach consists of the studies conducted on university governance in the form of articles, books, and reports. In TISM, it encompassed a group of experts (professors of higher education management) in the field of university governance at Shiraz University. Through this research project, while we identify the dimensions of the governance model of the third-generation university using the meta-synthesis method, these dimensions will be leveled according to the TISM approach in terms of the degree of influence on each other. Discussion and

The findings reveal that all the concepts identified in the university governance model can be categorized into 27 indicators and 6 dimensions. These dimensions and indicators include academic independence (educational independence index: research, technology, financial and administrative), stakeholder participation (participation of various stakeholders), accountability (professional, legal, hierarchical, and social accountability), monitoring, Evaluation and Quality Assurance (Monitoring, Evaluation and Quality Assurance of University Performance), Transparency (Information Quality, Scope and Tools) and Risk Management (Financial, Administrative / Organizational, Environmental, Operational and reputational). On the other hand, the findings showed that the participation of stakeholders and, at the same time the scope of transparency and transparent information are under the greatest impact of other dimensions of governance model and the university independence indicators are at the first level of impact on other dimensions of governance model. Another point is that, the educational, research and technological independence can be effective on the process of monitoring, evaluating and assuring the quality of university performance through the process of risk management. It was further determined that the indicators of quality monitoring, Evaluation and Quality assurance can be effective on the scope of transparency and quality of information available to stakeholders by increasing the level of accountability.

The main purpose of the present research is to explain the factors affecting the transparency, accountability and participation of higher education governance. It can be said that according to the nature of the present research , this research has been based on the purpose of the fundamental type and has been categorized according to the method of exploration (of a qualitative type) . In this research, the sampling method (to achieve theoretical saturation) has been used in the sampling process. The statistical population of the study consisted of two groups of academic directors and professors interviewed by open interview. In this research , considering that the purpose of the study was to provide a model for governance in higher education , some quality analysis methods such as theme analysis were used to analyze the interviews (coding and determining the main and minor themes). Therefore, in this study, by combining the results obtained in each interview and comparing and comparing the results with each other, the analysis was performed within each of the study subjects. At this stage, the themes expressed in various interviews and as a result of saturation were identified as the results of the study on the studies considered. The final output of the mentioned steps is a table of main themes and, ultimately, the final model of research consists of nine main factors: political political transparency, economic transparency, administrative transparency (bureaucratic), social political accountability, economic accountability, administrative accountability (Bureaucratic), social political participation, economic participation, administrative participation (bureaucratic).

Today, social and community values and expectations towards universities have undergone considerable changes, putting them under pressure to change their current status. Good governance of universities together with unity and integrity of university governance types may lead to academic success strategies. This success requires careful assessment and ongoing monitoring and evaluation; university portals and websites evaluation is among the best methods of good evaluation since it is based on information and communication technology and does not require physical presence. This paper, with an analytical approach, reviews the relevant literature of good university governance and then describes the conventional theoretical models in this regard. In addition, a model of good governance is proposed which is based on knowledge management and evaluation of web sites and portals at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad.