جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « همبودی » در نشریات گروه « علوم تربیتی »

The present study investigates the comparison of executive functions of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and children with specific learning disorder with normal children, and with emphasis on non-comorbid conditions of these two disorders.

  The methodology of the study was descriptive of causal-comparative type. 24 children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and 27 children with a specific learning disorder were selected by convenience sampling method. After diagnosis and evaluation, executive functions in these groups were assessed by controlling central nervous system. Students with diagnosis of comorbidity were excluded from the study. Also, in order to compare the performance of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and specific learning disorder with normal children, 28 normal students were selected as the control group and entered the study. Collected data was analyzed using MANOVA and post hoc Scheffé's test. Also, the profile of executive functions of the three groups was presented in a graph.

the results of the study indicate significant differences between executive function skills in normal children and children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and children with specific learning disorder. Also, significant differences between children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and children with specific learning disorder in visual-spatial memory, composite memory, executive function, cognitive flexibility and response inhibition were observed. However, no significant differences were observed in working memory and verbal memory between children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and children with specific learning disorder (p>0/01).

Based on the results, children with attention deficit/hyperactivity and children with specific learning disorder have a deficit in executive functions. Moreover, children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder are weaker than children with a specific learning disorder in executive function skills.

The foundation of network data analysis in psychology rests on particular theory, special ontological assumptions and particular methodology. Therefore it is possible to call network analysis as an independent paradigm with given techniques for data gathering and data analysis. This method can be used for studying psychological constructs with network entities (e.g. comorbidity phenomenon). Applying network data analysis in studying relationships of generalized anxiety disorder and major depression disorder symptoms (according to The US National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)) shows that it is not possible to distinguish between them and we should consider symptoms relationships in studying, diagnosis and therapy for both of them.

Attention–deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) does not often appear alone but it has comorbidity with many other disorders. Differential diagnosis among comorbid disorders and other situations like ADHD are some of the problems of epidemiological studies. The aim of this study was investigation of the rate of comorbidity and prevalence of ADHD among elementary students in Hamedan. The method of this study was descriptivesurvey. From 7-12 years old elementary students 1938 people were selected including 988 boys (50/98 percent) and 950 girls (49/02 percent) by the use of random cluster sampling method. Data was collected by the CSI-4 (parents & teachers form), Clock Drawing Test, Iran Kay-Mat, reading diagnostic test. Finally, according to the DSM-IV-TR criterion, clinical interview was done with children. Data analysis was accomplished by t-test, chi-square, and correlation coefficient. Data analysis revealed that the whole prevalence rates of ADHD were 8/62 percent, 12/55 in boys & 4/53 in girls. The prevalence of learning disability (LD) was 7 percent in the whole sample group and 88 students (4/54 percent) had both disorders. The prevalence of ADHD and comorbidity of both disorders in boys was three times more than girls. Differential diagnosis and early psychological and counseling services for ADHD and LD are felt to be necessary.