جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "in" در نشریات گروه "کتابداری و مدیریت اطلاعات"

Artificial Intelligence can present a unique opportunity for developing economies, which often face capital shortages. On one hand, it can facilitate attracting investments, and on the other, it can increase investment returns. In the transformative landscape of venture capital, AI emerges not only as an investment opportunity but also as a transformative tool that redefines investment strategies and the operational efficiency of investment funds. Leading investment funds such as A16Z, Sequoia, and Capital Tiger leverage AI to not only improve their processes but also to discover hidden gems in the vast sea of investment opportunities. This novel approach to AI, using it to find investment opportunities for developing economies like Iran, presents an opportunity to attract foreign investment and invest in better positions. Therefore, macro-policies should be geared towards creating the necessary platforms for using AI to discover investment opportunities. This issue consists of four pillars: providing the necessary data, enabling data processing with AI to find suitable investment opportunities, upgrading the daily operations of funds, and providing effective signals to foreign investors to find a local partner. Additionally, the investor should provide the opportunity to use this technology for funds by defining appropriate rules for AI, including data privacy. The policymaker can actively participate in the formation of an investment database and the production of local software for fund operations to accelerate the use of AI for investment funds.

This study examines the "Terms and Conditions" (T&C) of AI-driven businesses, aiming to identify relevant ethical issues and evaluate their compliance with AI ethical frameworks. The term "Terms and Conditions" refers to a document that regulates the contractual relationship between service providers and users, typically encompassing privacy policies, terms of service, user and company rights and obligations, as well as data protection policies. This research employed a cross-sectional study design and qualitative content analysis to identify and analyze Iranian businesses operating in the AI sector. The sample was drawn from platforms such as Myket and Cafe Bazaar, complemented by Google searches, and data were collected from official websites and relevant documents. The collected data were coded and analyzed based on ethical principles. In the quantitative phase, scoring was conducted using a Likert scale, and businesses were ranked using the TOPSIS method. The findings revealed that the T&C policies often lack sufficient operational details to build user trust and fail to fully uphold principles such as the balance of power, accountability, and social responsiveness. This study highlights the necessity of revising these T&C policies, developing more comprehensive frameworks, and aligning them with international standards.

The expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) usage and the potential for damages arising from its application in various domains necessitate the establishment of conditions for compensating losses resulting from AI decisions and actions. This includes enabling direct transactions through AI and removing legal barriers to progress in this field. Consequently, the need to recognize legal personality for AI has emerged as a reasonable solution. Most legal questions regarding AI are related to the possibility of AI acquiring rights and obligations (i.e., having legal personality). This study employs a descriptive-analytical methodology based on library research to explore this issue. The findings indicate that while granting legal personality is theoretically possible, the current regulations in Iran do not support the extension of legal personality to AI. Furthermore, this research proposes that by anticipating legal personality for AI, it would be possible to utilize this recognition in formulating effective legal policies in Iran concerning active legal engagement in the field of AI. The discourse surrounding AI's legal status reflects broader concerns about accountability, responsibility, and the implications of recognizing entities that operate independently of human oversight. As such, establishing a framework for AI's legal personality could pave the way for clearer guidelines on liability and ownership in transactions involving AI systems.

Fā’-e a’jami is a consonant that was in the past written in the form of an ڤ with three, dots over it. It was at first a voiced fricative, bilabial phoneme (consonant). In the course of time, the fā’-e ajami (β) changed into other phonemes (f, v, b, p). As a result of this linguistic development and following the disappearance of the fā’-e ajami, its written form, namely ڤ (with three points over it) came to look strange and unfamiliar to the scribes of manuscripts in general. Thus, when copying from the old manuscripts, they were unable to recognize this written sign, and willynilly began to miswrite or distort it. In the present study, based on instances from the Divan of Qatrān-e Tabrizi, we have addressed the problem of distorting and miswriting in relatively recent manuscripts.

The exposition of the Yanābi’ al-Olum, authored by Yusef b. Obaydollah Andakhodi, is one of the most significant old exegeses in Persian. This book, which was brought out in the latter part of the 6th/12 century, is endowed with important characteristics including its value in religious studies, expositional research, and investigations in Persian language and literature. In the present study, in addition to presenting the commentator’ life story, the structural and speculative characteristics of this exegesis are dealt with, its manuscripts examined and some of the linguistic features of the text addressed.

An important part of Jahrom’s handicrafts has since the remote past been well-known. From early Islamic time on it has been referred to as jahrami jahramiyah in various Persian and Arabic texts. Yet, contrary to what the contemporary sources claim, such handicrafts were not only carpets and rugs. Applying a descriptive-analytical approach, and based on library sources, the present article has examined the reflections of jahrami and jahramiyah in Persian and Arabic works explaining such matters as their currency, make, and kinds. Results indicate that the term jahrami and jahramiyah appearing in Persian texts from the 4th century H. /10th, have been used to denote various sorts of ziloo, prayer-rug, namad (felt), galim (rug), sarāpardeh (stately tent), hasir (straw mat), and clothing. In the Arabic books from the 2nd century H./8th CE on, these terms appear more frequently and rather repeatedly as jahrom (short form for jahromi), and jahramiyah to represent such items as a variety of zalāli, besāt (carpet), mosallā (prayer mat), nekhākh (a long spreadable type), thiyāb (garment), khaimat al-hamrā, tarāz, washi, and bokhāri. The material of these woven articles has been described in some texts as being made of cotton, flax, wool, silk, hair, fabric and date palm leaves, but in other texts the kind of material is not clearly expressed.

Ma‘ārij al-Nubuwwah fī Madārij al- Futuwwah, authored by Muʿin al-Dīn Farāhī Hirawi in Herat in the late 9th/15th century, is a significant work in the field of sīrah (biography) of the Prophet Muhammad. The Persian work has been widely circulated, with over hundreds of copies preserved in major libraries and museums worldwide. Notably, there are significant differences between the copies found in Turkey and those from other regions in terms of age. Given that popular books have often been subject to false claims of authorship or antiquity by spurious writers and deceitful scribes, and given the geographical distance and linguistic differences between Western Anatolia and Eastern Khorasan at the book’s writing, questions arise regarding the necessity to investigate the authenticity and identities of the scribes and owners of these early copies. Addressing these issues, this research aims to identify the most accurate and original text of the book. This involves focusing on the causes and processes of their initial transmission to the Ottoman territories.

The first Arabic wordbook arranged according to the final letters of words for the use of poets in the rhymes of their verses was the Al-Taqfiah fi al-loghat put together by man hailing from an Iranian landed noble family named yaman Bandaniji in the 3rd century H./9th century CE. Timewise, it was composed between the compilation of Khalil b. Ahmad’s Al-‘Ayn and that of The Jamharat al-Loghat assembled by Dorayd Azdi. As Bandaniji was originally Iranian, his wordbook is of great importance. Regrettably, however, this dictionary has not yet received a thorough examination. Bandaniji has sometimes mentioned the Persian origin of the words, but in most cases, he has not acknowledged the Persian origin of the Arabicized words. To take out such Arabicized items, the present author, having gone through the entire wordbook, and making notes, now for the first time sets out a list of those items in alphabetical order along with their Persian roots and their undergoing changes in other wordlists. Further, a short life history of the compiler is given and his wordbook as well as the most important old sources on the subject are introduced.

One of the social considerations concerning slavery is the issue of masters naming their slaves. A master [sahib] was not only in absolute possession of his servant’s body and life but also had full authority over their name and nickname. The master generally changed his servant’s name to his own wish and taste. However, this naming often followed a certain pattern. As a result, such names as Mobārak, Moqbel, Banafsheh, Yāsaman, Kāfoor, Beshārat and Shādi gained more currency. The matter of slaves as an issue intertwined with all levels od daily affairs are vastly reflected in Persian literature including this very topic of giving names to slave boys and girls, which has provided men of letters, especially poets, with a good source for creating poetical themes and double entendres. In this article, based on historical and literary sources as well as biographies, a large number of popular names of slaves and servants have been enumerated and certain details about their number and nature are given with several examples presented of their use by poets.

One of the sources for studying the Persian literature are safinas, anthologies of poetry and literary and historical collections from different periods, from which sometimes first-hand and unique information are obtained. In an exceptional literary and historical compendium from the Ilkhānid time, preserved in the Mar’ashi Library at Qom, referred to, in the present study, as “Mar’ashi Ilkhāni Jong”, contains the verses of a poet, with the nom de plume “Ghiāsi”, who worked at office of the vizier Ghiās al-Din Mohammad, son of Khwaja Rashid al-Din Fazl al-Allah of Hamadan. However, no mention of him and his poetry has been made as yet in the studies on the history of literature and poetics. Ghiāsi had apparently adopted his pen name from this vizier and eulogized him. So, when the vizier was murdered the poet wrote an elegy lamenting his death. The scribe or one of the scribes of the Mar’ashi Ilkhāni Jong, who seems to have been present in Tabriz at the time and close to the incident, recorded Ghiāsi’s poetry in his personal jong adduced in this article where, in addition to tracing this early-8th century H./14 poet in other sources, his poetry in the above-mentioned jong has been reread and corrected.

Amongst the Arabic texts translated into Persian, the old translations of the Nahj al-Balāgheh hold a remarkable place, unknown though. As the original Arabic text is in certain places too heavy and hard to comprehend, the pre-Safavid scholars, mostly unidentified, who engaged in translating this work were faced with a difficult task. However, they had no model to follow, this being exactly contrary to the old translations of the Qur’an for which translators had ample examples, requiring easier work. Among the unpublished translations of the Nahj al-Balāgheh the highly renowned manuscript kept in Yazd’s Vaziri Library (dated 882 H/ 1477 is examined in the present article for the first time and some if its linguistic values are shown. The translator of this work is also, like other old texts, unknown, but considering that a number of rare words also occur in several old texts, it is possible that one can make some conjectures as to the origin of the book.

In this article, by enumerating the various kinds of rare lexical items in the old Persian texts, attempts are made to examine the causes and motivations for the use of such items and thus offer some criteria for identifying them. These criteria must, on the one hand, discourage editors from removing rare words and syntactic forms from texts, and, on the other, prevent them from fabricating inauthentic words simply on account of obscurities in the old texts. The author claims that the use of rarities in texts is basically entailed by certain conditions and necessities which must be discovered by editors. To this end, they are required to deem the principles of correcting texts and old manuscripts as the most credible sources and avoid subjective arbitrary judgement as much as possible.

The Nūr al-ʿuyūn is the oldest Persian book on ophthalmology written in 480 AH /1087 AD by Abū Rūh Mohammad b. Manṣūr Jurjānī-e Yamānī, known as Zarrīndast (golden hand) for those interested in primary ophthalmology. Because the manuscripts of the Nūr al-ʿuyūn, quite a few in number, originate in a lost MS, which appears to have contained a lot of unjustifiable alterations, a proper critical editing of it is impossible without benefitting by its “parallel texts.” It had already been revealed that the Nūr al-ʿuyūn had been prepared based on ʿAlī b. ʿIsā al-Kaḥḥāl’s Taḍkira al- Kahhālīn , but “ by applying therein significant changes in its structure”, also including certain additions taken from ʿAlī b. ʿIsā’s two important sources consulted by Zarrīndast, namely Al-ʿašr maqālāt fī al-ʿAyn, and Rhazes’ al-Ḥāwi fī al-Ṭibb. In addition to presenting many more accurate examples gleaned from the three parallel works mentioned above, the present study has identified a fourth text, Ḥunayn’s al-Masāʾil fī al-ʿAyn. Of course, the question – and - answer method used in the latter is followed by the Nūr al-ʿuyūn.

Language-typology research into the works produced in different periods or in certain regions can provide valuable insights if based on two key principles. First is frequency, which refers to the consistent use of a word or phrase in other texts from the same geographical area, substantiated by its presence in multiple texts. The second principle involves identifying words and phrases unique to a particular geographical area and not found in texts from other regions. This paper aims to examine several words from the abridged version of Anis al-Ṭālebin wa ʿUddat al-Sālekin, with a view to establishing a linguistic typology. As this text originates from Transoxiana, it reflects the dialect of that region. By examining these words and comparing them with other texts produced in Transoxiana, we can reveal the importance of understanding linguistic typology for the accurate understnding of words and phrases. Through an analysis of the words used in Anis al-Ṭālebin wa ʿUddat al-Sālekin, it becomes evident that certain words are exclusive to the texts produced in Transoxiana, sometimes inaccurately defined in existing dictionaries.

This study, with an emphasis on the endowment deeds of Astan Quds Razavi, aims to investigate the transformations of waqf during the Qajar and Pahlavi periods in connection with the shifts in political and social approaches of these two eras.

Method and Research Design:

 The article employs a descriptive-analytical historical approach. The study uses theoretical concepts without imposing theories on the evidence. Inductive-deductive reasoning, along with statistical analysis via Excel, SQL, and SPSS software, and the assessment of significant differences in data, form the analytical framework of this research.

A significant decrease in the number of benefactors during the Pahlavi period compared to the Qajar era, particularly among the upper-lower base, and a decline in the dispersion of endowments are observed. Additionally, changes in the prioritization of expenditures and endowed properties are evident. In the Qajar period, waqf appeared to provide political and social legitimacy for the upper classes, while during the Pahlavi era, the endowment institution of Astan Quds Razavi served as a suitable tool for advancing modernization goals and enhancing governmental credibility. Overall, for middle-class religious benefactors, perceived social needs were more prominent than for other classes, and this trend became more pronounced during the Pahlavi era. Despite strengthened factors influencing waqf during the Pahlavi period (such as relative stability, initiatives by trustees, and the simultaneous holding of custodianship and governorship roles), a notable decline in benefactors is evident compared to the Qajar era. Furthermore, there was no significant increase in the transfer of custodianship to Astan Quds. Thus, trust-building within religious networks, collaboration with the clergy, and governmental encouragement remain critical factors for waqf—a foundation in which the Pahlavi regime was not successful, ultimately failing to bring about positive changes in waqf development.

This study aims to analyze the role of Islamic Culture and Communication Organization (ICRO) in advancing the cultural diplomacy and soft power of the Islamic Republic of Iran in Turkey.

Method and Research Design: 

The research employs a library-based, descriptive, and analytical method, drawing upon ICRO’s documents and the theoretical framework of cultural diplomacy and soft power.

An exploration and analysis of ICRO’s documents from 1995 to 2019 reveal that despite efforts by cultural authorities, numerous opportunities to expand the Islamic Republic of Iran's cultural diplomacy in Turkey remain overlooked and underutilized. The 25 main indicators and 137 analytical sub-indicators extracted from this study effectively illustrate the state of ICRO's activities and can serve as a reliable framework for evaluating organizational performance and enhancing the capacities of cultural diplomacy and soft power in Turkey and other countries.

in addition to its well-known historic cities, Iran encompasses numerous forgotten historic cities. While most of these cities lack cohesive historical urban fabric, visual documents—particularly the 1956 aerial photographs—and oral history provide valuable accounts of these cities.

Revisiting these cities based on documented evidence offers the potential to revive authentic traditions of living in Iran's diverse climates. This study focuses on rediscovering the original state of Ramhormoz and its neighborhood system.

Method and Research Design: 

 This research adopts an interpretive-historical approach, relying on the 1956 aerial photograph and oral narratives from individuals who recall the city’s original state prior to the interventions initiated in 1960. The research progresses by correlating oral accounts with the physical features observable in the aerial photograph.

Located in the eastern part of Khuzestan Province, Ramhormoz is a city with a longstanding history of settlement. Its warm, semi-humid climate with prolonged summers significantly influenced its urban structure, resulting in a city surrounded by fruit orchards and characterized by houses with diverse subterranean spaces. Before modern interventions, the city exhibited a garden-city structure, deeply integrated with the surrounding orchards. The study identifies and maps the boundaries of the city's original neighborhoods and the surrounding gardens.

Begging, as a prevalent manifestation of poverty, stems from economic and social disruptions. This phenomenon had extensive social repercussions during the Qajar era. This study, based on an important governmental report from the Naseri period concerning beggars in Garrus Province, aims to investigate the phenomenon of begging, analyze the characteristics of beggars (gender, age, and behavioral patterns), and identify some of the reasons that prompted groups of beggars to adopt this practice. The central question of the study pertains to the state of begging and the characteristics of beggars in Garrus Province.

  Method and Research Design:

 The research employs thematic analysis based on library sources and documents to identify, analyze, and categorize data related to this phenomenon.

Begging in Garrus Province occurred across various age groups. The fact that 36% of the beggars were women reflects the vulnerability of impoverished families to poverty and their subsequent resort to begging. Moreover, the government's initiative in compiling and sending an official report—which required collecting data on beggars—indicates the significant presence of this group and the concerns of local and possibly central authorities regarding the social consequences of begging, such as disruptions to order and security. However, no specific program for addressing or organizing beggars in this province appears to have been implemented.

Historical papers, as the most important and original works left over from past periods, have a special importance in historical studies and research. New technologies, especially nano in the field of cultural heritage, are highly sensitive due to the valuable and unique nature of historical works, and raise concerns and questions such as the direct and side effects of these methods on the works. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the preservation Authenticity of materials and materials, color, form and shape in deacidification interventions with nano calcium hydroxide in isopropanol, compared to deacidification with calcium hydroxide in water and calcium hydroxide in isopropanol.

  Method and Research Design: 

This research is applied in terms of its results.  information was collected in the library and field, and it was done in a laboratory. First, samples of Whatman paper and acidic historical paper were selected. Three deacidified solutions of calcium hydroxide in water, nanocalcium hydroxide in isopropanol, and calcium hydroxide in isopropanol with a concentration of 1000 ppm (1.0%) were prepared and the samples were deacidified.

The results of the experiments show that preserving the authenticity of historical papers by deacidification with nano calcium hydroxide solution in isopropanol is more effective and efficient than calcium hydroxide solution in water and calcium hydroxide solution in isopropanol.It is worth noting that calcium hydroxide solution is one of the most widely used deacidifiers in historical papers, which until now has three forms: calcium hydroxide in water (calcium hydroxide in water solution), calcium hydroxide in isopropanol (calcium hydroxide in alcohol solvent) and calcium hydroxide in isopropanol (calcium hydroxide in alcoholic solvent) has not been investigated.

Considering the importance of marketing and public relations in libraries and the lack of an official position on the one hand and the compilation of the new standard of public libraries in Iran on the other hand, the aim of this research was to investigate the view of public library managers of Isfahan province about the feasibility of implementing the Standard of Marketing and Public Relations of Iranian Public Libraries (2020).

This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method. The statistical population consisted of 196 public library managers of Isfahan province. 127 managers were selected as a statistical sample by the Krejcie and Morgan table and stratified random sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, and SPSS V.26 statistical software was used to analyze the data.

The results showed that the average feasibility of implementing the Standard from the view of public library managers of Isfahan province is lower than the average (x=3) and the observed average difference is also significant. The average of the components of planning, evaluation and support were all lower than the hypothetical average, which shows the poor condition of the feasibility of these components in the public libraries of Isfahan province. There was also no significant difference between the view of the public library managers based on the demographic variables of gender, age, education degree, discipline, city and work experience regarding the feasibility of implementing the Standard.

Conclusions: 

So far, there has been no research on the Standard of Marketing and Public Relations of Iranian Public Libraries (2020). The results of the present research can achieve the desired situation in the field of marketing and public relations in order to attract the audience and facilitate relations with the actual and potential audience community.