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Today, universities that aim to improve their educational level on a global and acceptable scale, along with their traditional system, have provided the conditions for creating a virtual education environment and using different educational methods. Virtual education is the most important application of information technology that is provided in different systems such as computer-based learning, online learning, and network-based learning. Therefore, the current research aimed to investigate the factors affecting the development of virtual education of information literacy from the users' point of view on the library website. It has been done by Iran's universities of medical sciences. The method of this research was mixed (quantitative and qualitative). In the qualitative part, it was developmental in terms of purpose, and in the quantitative part, it was applied, and in terms of the data analysis method, it was a descriptive survey of correlation type. In line with the goal of the research, the library method and previous studies have been used; first, the desired indicators were identified with the qualitative method of research using the meta-synthesis method, and a total of 122 codes were extracted in 14 subcategories, and 7 main categories were categorized and coded. In the next step, in the quantitative section, using the opinion of experts, the final indicators were extracted and the final questionnaire was prepared. Then the prepared questionnaire was distributed among the statistical population. 384 questionnaires were completed and then analyzed by non-random sampling method. Data were subjected to exploratory factor analysis using SPSS 25 and SmartPLS 3 software. The face validity of the questions was checked and confirmed by a group of related experts, and the reliability of the questionnaire was calculated by conducting a pre-test and then using Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability (CR), and convergent validity (AVE). The results of the research in the meta-synthesis stage showed that the effective factors on the development of information literacy virtual education from the users' point of view on the library Website of Iran University of Medical Sciences include: technical factors, strategic factors, lecturers' component, structural factors, educational factors, content factors, and measurement and evaluation factors. The results of the research in the quantitative stage of the research also showed that the category of structural factors ranks first with a rate of 0.842; Educational factors with a rate of 0.831, strategic factors with a rate of 0.763, technical factors with a rate of 0.726, teachers' component with a rate of 0.613 and measurement and evaluation factors with a rate of 0.564 and content factors with a rate of 0.518 ranks next. The results of this research showed that the variable of structural factors has the highest relationship with the virtual education of information literacy skills. Other variables such as educational factors with virtual training of information literacy skills, strategic factors with virtual training of information literacy skills on the library website of Iran's medical sciences from the users' point of view, technical factors and virtual training of information literacy skills, teachers' component and virtual training of information literacy skills, measurement and evaluation factors and Virtual education of information literacy skills, variable content factors and virtual education of information literacy skills were ranked second to seventh, respectively. The results indicate that the structural factors of virtual education of information literacy skills in the library website of Iran's universities of medical sciences, including design and compilation, preparation and production, educational factors, factors related to the teaching method, factors related to the format used for training is important and noteworthy.

Nowadays, citizens expect the government to act in the direction of improving services, reducing the time wasted in returning to receive services, improving citizens' access to information, and responding to their changing needs, Therefore The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between the elements of knowledge management and the development of citizens' participation in the success of e-government programs from the view of experts in knowledge and information science This research was descriptive-correlational in terms of its nature and method, and in terms of the data collection process, it was a survey type and in terms of its purpose, it was practical. The statistical population of this research was 42 experts working in the field of management of libraries and information centers of Fars province who were selected by the census in 2021. Information gathering tool to measure the creation and transfer of knowledge, knowledge management questionnaire (Asgari 2006)And for the participation of citizens in evaluating the successful implementation of electronic government from the standard questionnaire (Lagzian, Mortazavi and Rajab Zadeh, 2012)in dimensions (electronic development, the main obstacles to the development of electronic government, the main priorities in creating benefits for citizens, the main benefits for management, the main benefits for the government, Worry about the implementation of e-government among citizens and managers) based on a 5-point Likert scale. The validity of the questionnaire was checked through the validity of the content and by presenting it to expert professors, the questionnaire reliability was checked through Cronbach's alpha test, and the results (knowledge management, 0.86 and successful implementation of e-government, 0.78) indicated that the reliability of the tool had an acceptable level. In this research, to analyze the data obtained from the questionnaires, descriptive statistics indicators (mean, percentage, frequency) and to determine the correlation between the variables and to check the research hypotheses, the Kolmogorov Smirnov default test was used to test the normality of the data and Pearson correlation. It was used with SPSS software. The research findings examining the relationship between knowledge management and the successful implementation of e-government showed the significance level of the Pearson test (P=0.001) less than 0.05, which indicates a significant relationship between the investigated variables from the point of view of information science experts and science. Also, the findings of the research examining the correlation between the creation and transfer of knowledge (predictor variable) and citizens' participation in the successful implementation of electronic government components (criterion variable) show a significant level (P≤0.05) in all cases, which indicates approval All research hypotheses based on the existence of a correlation between the elements of knowledge management and the development of citizens' participation in the successful implementation of electronic government components are investigated from the society's point of view. Therefore, it can be said that knowledge management elements can predict citizens' participation in the successful implementation of electronic government components. Knowledge management and citizen participation are recommended as an advantage and essential factor in the success of the implementation of the e-government project with the aim of raising the level of performance.

The edge Factor index provides a new evaluation for journal articles to evaluate the novelty and innovation of journal articles. In other words, it determines novel ideas close to the edge of scientific frontiers, and its results can be used as a complementary tool in planning and making policies to evaluate journals in various scientific fields. Based on this, the purpose of this article was to assess the scientific articles of the nuclear technology journals in the INIS database to provide a new evaluation of these journals based on measuring the novelty and innovation of the articles using the Edge Factor index from 2001 to 2020.

This was an application research conducted by scientometric methodology and data mining techniques. The population comprised all nuclear science and technology records from 2001 to 2020, retrieved from the INIS database. The sources of data gathering included the Journal Citation Report (J.C.R.) the International Nuclear Information System (INIS) database, and its specialized thesaurus. Also, in this research to reach the goals of the research, a list of selected journals in the field of ​​nuclear science and technology was needed. This list was prepared using the 2020 edition of the journal citation report database. Using the browsing by category in this database, a list of 29 selected journals in the field of ​​nuclear science and technology based on the impact factor along with the data of the other citation indices of the journals, including the Eigen factor, Immediacy Index, and Article Influence Score were extracted. Data was analyzed using Excel 2021 and social science statistical software (SPSS) version 23, and the Shapiro–Wilk test, Pearson Correlation test, and Spearman Correlation test were conducted.

Results indicate that 79,879 articles had been retrieved from the INIS database in nuclear technology, from 2001 to 2020. The findings of measuring articles' vintage revealed that most articles with novel ideas were published in 2018mong the surveyed period. The results of journals' ranking based on measuring Edge Factor revealed that the "Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations" journal was at first. Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between the Edge Factor and the citation-based indexes, including the Impact Factor.

Journals should publish articles that are at the frontier of science in order to science advancement. Using content-based indexes, including the Edge Factor as complementary indexes in journals' evaluation can help to design evaluation and ranking systems that capture not just influence but also what kind of science -novel science or conventional science- is being pursued.

The purpose of the current research was to recognize the relationship between the vocabulary of radio archivists and their information-giving abilities. This research was practical from the point of view of the goal and the point of view of the type was an analytical survey method.The main components for producing a questionnaire were set through extensive library studies and experts' approval using the content validity method with 85 questions, the questionnaire was distributed among the statistical population of the research who were 120 employees of radio and television archives located in Tehran. Descriptive statistics (tables and graphs) and inferential statistics were used to analyze the collected data. Smirnov Kolmograph test was used to test hypotheses, and the T-test (correlation) and Lisrel software were used for data normality and data analysis. After three rounds of interviews with archival experts and analyzing the opinions of the participants in the Delphi study panel, the number of 15 components to measure vocabulary was determined, and each of these main components was converted into several quantitative questions in the questionnaire. 85 questions were asked from the statistical population (120 archivists). The average sense of need for information among the respondents was equal to 4.04 and its minimum and maximum were 2.80 and 5, so the average sense of need for information is in the medium to high level, which means that the respondents have up-to-date and useful information in the field of professional activity that have declared more than the average, according to this finding, it is necessary to hold in-service training courses to raise the level of information and knowledge of archivists. The results obtained from the correlation coefficient test indicated that among the 120 respondents of the study, the correlation coefficient with a significance level of α = 0.000 was calculated as R = 0.801. Since this significance level is higher than the significance level In our case, α=0.05 is smaller, as a result, our null hypothesis is rejected and our main hypothesis was confirmed, so we concluded that there is a positive and significant relationship between the intervening variable and the optimal use of audio archivists' vocabulary. With the increase of this variable, the amount of optimal use of the glossary of radio and television archivists also increases. There was a positive and significant relationship between the intervening variable and the optimal use of the vocabulary of radio and television archivists, meaning that with the increase of this variable, the amount of optimal use of the vocabulary of radio and television archivists also increased. It was significant to provide optimal information in the shortest time, and radio and television archivists could provide information according to the information needs of the clients, and training in the use of information retrieval tools and the professional experiences of archivists improves the quality of information delivery.

Collection development is one of the most important and basic tasks in libraries and it means collecting information resources and data based on a plan set to meet the needs of the users. Considering the increasing growth of publications in the world, the annual increase in the price of books and publications, and the lack of budget and space, no library, however huge, can provide all library materials; Therefore, the selection of information sources is one of the most important stages of collection development, and libraries should allocate their limited financial resources to the preparation of materials that most likely meet the needs of their users. Based on this, the current research aimed to present the model of resource providing for public libraries in Iran from the point of view of librarians. The current research was applied in terms of purpose and survey-analytical in terms of data collection. An exploratory factor analysis was used to present the model. The statistical population of the research included all librarians of public libraries affiliated with the Iran Public Libraries Foundation and the sampling method was cluster random from the provinces of Tehran, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Golestan, Mazandaran, Fars, Khuzestan, Razavi Khorasan, Kerman, Hamedan, and East Azerbaijan were selected in the geographic regions of the center, north, south, east, and west. The total number of librarians in six clusters was 5250. Random-cluster method was used to determine the sample size of the research and the sample size was determined to be 145 librarians. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that was used from the research of Raeisi et al (2022). The validity of the questionnaire was form and content, and its reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which was 0.815. The findings showed that a set of managerial, structural, cultural, financial, and ethnic factors affected the provision of resources in public libraries. The results of Friedman's test showed that management factors with an average rank of 4.95 in the first place; structural factors with an average rank of 3.75 in the second place; cultural factors with an average rank of 3.19 in the third place; Financial factors ranked fourth with an average rank of 2 and ethnic factors ranked fifth and last with an average rank of 1.11. Institutional policies and guidelines in improving the supply of library resources from the perspective of librarians. In order to improve the collection of public libraries, increasing resources and keeping them up-to-date, pay attention to the opinions of librarians, the users in preparing resources, providing resources related to the values ​​of the society as well as marketing and the lack of excessive dependence of libraries on the government budget is essential.

The expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) usage and the potential for damages arising from its application in various domains necessitate the establishment of conditions for compensating losses resulting from AI decisions and actions. This includes enabling direct transactions through AI and removing legal barriers to progress in this field. Consequently, the need to recognize legal personality for AI has emerged as a reasonable solution. Most legal questions regarding AI are related to the possibility of AI acquiring rights and obligations (i.e., having legal personality). This study employs a descriptive-analytical methodology based on library research to explore this issue. The findings indicate that while granting legal personality is theoretically possible, the current regulations in Iran do not support the extension of legal personality to AI. Furthermore, this research proposes that by anticipating legal personality for AI, it would be possible to utilize this recognition in formulating effective legal policies in Iran concerning active legal engagement in the field of AI. The discourse surrounding AI's legal status reflects broader concerns about accountability, responsibility, and the implications of recognizing entities that operate independently of human oversight. As such, establishing a framework for AI's legal personality could pave the way for clearer guidelines on liability and ownership in transactions involving AI systems.

Artificial Intelligence can present a unique opportunity for developing economies, which often face capital shortages. On one hand, it can facilitate attracting investments, and on the other, it can increase investment returns. In the transformative landscape of venture capital, AI emerges not only as an investment opportunity but also as a transformative tool that redefines investment strategies and the operational efficiency of investment funds. Leading investment funds such as A16Z, Sequoia, and Capital Tiger leverage AI to not only improve their processes but also to discover hidden gems in the vast sea of investment opportunities. This novel approach to AI, using it to find investment opportunities for developing economies like Iran, presents an opportunity to attract foreign investment and invest in better positions. Therefore, macro-policies should be geared towards creating the necessary platforms for using AI to discover investment opportunities. This issue consists of four pillars: providing the necessary data, enabling data processing with AI to find suitable investment opportunities, upgrading the daily operations of funds, and providing effective signals to foreign investors to find a local partner. Additionally, the investor should provide the opportunity to use this technology for funds by defining appropriate rules for AI, including data privacy. The policymaker can actively participate in the formation of an investment database and the production of local software for fund operations to accelerate the use of AI for investment funds.

This study examines the "Terms and Conditions" (T&C) of AI-driven businesses, aiming to identify relevant ethical issues and evaluate their compliance with AI ethical frameworks. The term "Terms and Conditions" refers to a document that regulates the contractual relationship between service providers and users, typically encompassing privacy policies, terms of service, user and company rights and obligations, as well as data protection policies. This research employed a cross-sectional study design and qualitative content analysis to identify and analyze Iranian businesses operating in the AI sector. The sample was drawn from platforms such as Myket and Cafe Bazaar, complemented by Google searches, and data were collected from official websites and relevant documents. The collected data were coded and analyzed based on ethical principles. In the quantitative phase, scoring was conducted using a Likert scale, and businesses were ranked using the TOPSIS method. The findings revealed that the T&C policies often lack sufficient operational details to build user trust and fail to fully uphold principles such as the balance of power, accountability, and social responsiveness. This study highlights the necessity of revising these T&C policies, developing more comprehensive frameworks, and aligning them with international standards.

Main purpose of this study was to discover the impact of book reading meetings on the responsibility of 9-14 years old members of Mood public library, focusing on juvenile literature.

This research was a quasi-experimental study designed by experimental and control groups. It included pre-test and post-test. The statistical population of the research included 120 teenage members of this public library, of which 40 people were randomly appointed as the sample in two groups of 20 people by random assignment method. Analysis of covariance and independent t test were used for data analysis.

The results showed that reading meetings increased the level of responsibility and all its components in the subjects. In the follow-up phase, it was found that responsibility and all its components (except fiduciary) have changed steadily among the subjects. The average responsibility of young library members was significantly higher than the average and less than the ideal. Significant difference between responsibility and seven components (self-management, orderliness, legality, trustworthiness, conscientiousness, organization, and progressiveness) were observed in both experimental and control groups. The follow-up stage showed that the average level of responsibility and six components of self-management, orderliness, legality, conscientiousness, organization and progressiveness have been increasing, but the average level of trustworthiness has decreased.

Book reading meetings centered on juvenile literature have led to changes in the responsibility and its components, i.e., self-management, orderliness, trustworthiness, conscientiousness, legality, organization, and progressiveness in teenagers.

The aim of this study was to examine the awareness, attitudes and practices of public librarians in Qom province regarding green information literacy and their role in environmental conservation.

This applied research employed a descriptive-survey method. The statistical population includes 75 librarians working in 24 public libraries in Qom province, from whom 40 were selected through stratified random sampling and responded to a researcher-developed questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software with descriptive and inferential statistical methods.

The librarians had a moderate understanding of green information literacy, with more than half being unfamiliar with the concept prior to the study. However, they demonstrated a positive attitude toward environmental protection and high motivation to engage in eco-friendly activities, although limitations such as a lack of educational resources and weak institutional support hindered practical implementation. The results also indicated that public libraries can play a crucial role in raising environmental awareness among users and librarians, through information dissemination, training and awareness programs as well as contributing significantly in the promotion of green information literacy.

This study highlights the need to expand environmental education for librarians, develop supportive policies within related library institutions, and enhance collaboration between libraries and environmental organizations. Future studies are recommended to extend the research scope to other provinces and employ qualitative methods to gain deeper insights into the challenges and opportunities in this field.

This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the level of readiness of librarians in Iranian public libraries to provide readers’ advisory services.

This study was conducted using a descriptive-survey method. The statistical population included all librarians working in public libraries under the supervision of the Public Libraries Institution of the country, and a sample of 365 people was selected by convenience sampling method. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with 80 questions that measured readers' consulting competencies in three dimensions: personal characteristics, knowledge, and skills. The data were analyzed using a five-point Likert scale in SPSS.

Librarians are at an average level of overall readiness to provide consulting services. In the personal characteristics dimension, librarians were at the above-average level in the components of critical thinking, professional commitment, creative thinking, self-awareness, and non-judgment. In the knowledge dimension, the cultural, legal, evaluation, and development components were at the above-average level, but the process knowledge component was below-average. In the skill dimension, all components were evaluated to be at the above-average level.

Based on the results, librarians need to improve their process knowledge and also more develop their skills to provide more effective consulting services.

This study aims to investigate the factors influencing professional publishing and propose a model for professional book publishing in Iran.

The research was conducted using a survey method with a researcher-developed questionnaire. The statistical population consisted of professional publishing managers in the country, totaling 581 publishers, from which 231 were selected as a sample based on Cochran's formula. Ultimately, 211 questionnaires were completed and analyzed. Data processing was carried out using SPSS software, employing exploratory the factor analysis and multiple regression test.

Based on exploratory factor analysis, nine factors have been identified as influential in professional publishing: the economics of publishing, the supply and display of publishing products, government support and backing, adherence to copyright, publishing evaluation and auditing, advertising, marketing and branding, publishing management, and the creation of publishing content. Additionally, five factors have been recognized as dimensions of professional publishing, which include technical elements, cultural and literary circles and centers, authors and audiences, electronic systems, and distribution and marketing elements. Ultimately, in the regression model, five independent variables were included in the equation due to their significance level being below .05.

The findings of this research contribute to enhancing the awareness and understanding of audiences regarding publishing processes. They also assist publishers and industry managers in recognizing successful trends and existing challenges within the field, as well as in formulating supportive policies and strategies for publishing by relevant authorities.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of rural public libraries in empowering farmers from librarians’ viewpoints.

This is an applied research that was conducted with a qualitative approach using thematic analysis method. The research population included the librarians of rural public libraries under the General Directorate of Public Libraries of South Khorasan, Iran. In this research, non-probability (non-random) sampling and snowball sampling were used and a total of 17 librarians were interviewed.

Public library role-playing in empowering farmers was grouped into two categories: information (educational-consultative and promotional) and service (book delivery and assistance). The findings indicated that the programs of rural public libraries in this field were more of the "educational-consultative" type, among which agricultural workshops were more numerous. Obstacles to using public libraries to empower this group were also categorized into two structural (library and agricultural) and individual (demographic and cultural) categories, and library-related obstacles were more frequent than other obstacles. Regarding the obstacles related to agriculture, the interviewees mentioned more about "lack of belief in modern agriculture". In the sub-category of demographic obstacles, illiteracy or low level of literacy of farmers and their old ages were also mentioned.

The libraries should do the necessary planning to play a role in empowering farmers. Of course, there are basic obstacles in this field that require serious attention from public libraries. In order to realize this issue, it is necessary to have proper interactions between rural public libraries and custodian institutions in this field.

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of bibliotherapy on the assertiveness of low-assertive elementary school students.

 The present study is a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test design with control and follow-up groups. The statistical population for the study consisted of shy female students in the fourth grade of a primary school in Qaen City. The researchers used purposeful sampling to select the sample. An intervention using bibliotherapy was administered to the experimental group over 8 sessions, each involving the reading of a storybook for 45 minutes, twice a week. The control group did not receive any intervention. The researchers employed covariance analysis and repeated measurement to test their hypotheses.

 The experimental group improved significantly over the control group during the post-test phase. The results also demonstrated that this improvement was sustained during the follow-up phase. These findings suggest that group bibliotherapy is an effective approach for enhancing and maintaining bold behaviour in children who struggle with this skill.

It is crucial to utilize techniques that facilitate communication between children and their therapists, and in this study, story therapy through bibliotherapy was found to provide an opportunity for children to overcome their limitations. The current research utilized the bibliotherapy approach, specifically story therapy, to offer a chance for children lacking courage to address their vulnerabilities. The potential factors contributing to this progress can be identified in the characteristics of story therapy as highlighted by experts.

The aim of this article is to explain the consequences of Jafar Sharif-Emami's government in Iran's "Revolutionary Situation."

The findings show that the most important indicators of the suppression component included: September 8 (17 Shahrivar), the declaration of martial law, the massacre at the Grand Mosque of Kerman, the suppression of demonstrations on November 4 (13 Aban), and the suppression of students in the month of the Mehr of that year. The main Facilitating variables included: Reducing taxes, increasing salaries, the restoration of the calendar to the Solar Hijri calendar, dissolving the Rastakhiz party, the reinstatement of dismissed university professors, dismissing those individuals affiliated with the Baha'i sect, and publication Imam Khomeini's (RA) photo in the daily Etelaat. The factors involved in the policy of appeasement included: the celebration of Eid al-Fitr on Shahrivar 13, three-day strike by the press, dismissal and summoning of government officials, acceptance of resignation of high-ranking officials, and the expansion of speeches at mosques and pulpits. The conclusion drawn is that the use of violence through repression tools, the inefficacy of the government's new tactic of temporarily opening space and granting concessions, and the delay in political appeasement all contributed to the expansion of the revolutionary situation and accelerated the collapse.

To understand the status of demands of Landless and non-landless farmers subject to land distribution, as well as small landowners, and their concerns and reactions to the implementation of land reforms by analyzing the content of their petitions submitted to the 21st National Assembly.

This descriptive-analytical study aims to analyze the content of petitions submitted by land-receiving and non-land-receiving farmers and small landowners during the 21st National Assembly period. The research also utilizes library resources. Based on the petitions of the 21st National Assembly, the study seeks to answer the question: Did farmers and small landowners, in addition to economic, ownership, and personal rights concerns, also have political concerns?

Analyzing the petitions reveals that land-receiving farmers were primarily focused on resolving land disputes with large local landowners and the misconduct of government agents. Farmers without “root rights” (ḥaqq-e rīša, ḥaqq-e nasaq) demanded equal rights with other land-receiving farmers. Small landowners, in their petitions, also pursued resolution of land disputes with large local landowners and government agents’ mismanagement. Due to the small size of their lands, small landowners sought to prevent their land from being redistributed. If their lands were to be redistributed, they requested similar privileges that had been given to large landowners in the first phase of land reforms. Both land-receiving and non-land-receiving farmers, as well as small landowners, were concerned about the livelihood of their families. Politically, they were not opposed to the government, and the tone of their petitions was in line with the Shah’s directives.

This study examines one of the key archival institutions of the Pahlavi era (the Pahlavi Imperial Records and Statistics Center) with an emphasis on archival records.

Using a historical approach and a descriptive-analytical method, this research, seeks to investigate one of the active institutions in the last years of the Pahlavi regime through archival documents and materials.

Simultaneously with decisions regarding the celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Pahlavi dynasty, an institution named the " Imperial Records and Statistics Center " was established under the organizational framework of the celebration headquarters. This center was inaugurated in 1977, coinciding with the anniversary of Coup d’état of 1299/1921.  During its activity, the center collected various types of materials, including legal and royal decrees, photographs, slides, audio recordings, films, bulletins, and reports. Following the celebration, and in light of the absence of a dedicated archival center affiliated with the court, the center continued its activities from 1977 onward with the aim of collecting and preserving documents related to the achievements of the Pahlavi government.  The primary function of this center was research and propaganda, and it had offices across all provinces of Iran as an ideological arm.

Shushtar has always been one of the most important agricultural and commercial centers of Khuzestan and served as the provincial capital for over 13 centuries. but during the Pahlavi era, due to the shift of Khuzestan's administrative center from Shushtar to Ahwaz and subsequent loss of political status, initiating a period of decline and paving the way for its economic deterioration. Furthermore, crises in agriculture and industry hindered the city's economic growth. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the economic situation of Shushtar with an emphasis on the industrial and agricultural sectors in the first Pahlavi period and to analyze the factors that impeded their development.

This study employs a descriptive-analytical method, drawing on library sources, archival documents, and interviews.

Various internal factors such as lack of adequate investment in Shushtar agriculture, the occurrence of natural disasters, and lack of industrialization, hindered the growth of its agricultural economy. the obstacles to industrial development of Shushtar during the first Pahlavi era were political, economic, and social factors.