جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "problems" در نشریات گروه "کتابداری و مدیریت اطلاعات"

Commercialization of academic research has become a popular interest in most countries of the world. Because the process of commercialization of academic research plays a significant role in the economic development of societies, Thus, universities and higher education institutions are expected not to limit their functions only to teaching and research but also to take a part in production and economic value creation. This function is called the commercialization of research products (CRP). Some studies have shown that on the one hand, cultural and social factors and on the other hand, organizational, financial, and economic factors have a close relationship with the CRP. This evidence shows that it is not enough to formulate policies for CRP, but also providing internal and external infrastructures is a crucial factor.

What are the obstacles which are preventing CRP in Iran’s academic system?

2.1 Policy-making Approaches in Organizations
Nowadays, what differentiates successful and unsuccessful organizations is not necessarily a quantitative issue. Rather, is a qualitative one, so the nature of the obstacles which the organizations are confronted is the main issue. To clarify the kind of obstacles that hinder CRP, we used Okumus’s conceptual model of Implementing a strategy. The model has four variables: content, context, process, and outcome. The meaning of the content is the strategic orientation that the organization chooses and seeks to follow. Context factors include all the physical, social, and cultural contexts of the organization in which strategies are implemented. The process also includes all the ways and methods that the organization undertakes to implement and operationalize its strategic plans. Finally, the outcome includes all the achievements that the organization achieves after implementing the strategy. In general, we are facing two approaches, the first approach is the strategic evolutionary cycle and the second is the vicious cycle of formalism.

In the present study, the researchers used a qualitative approach and an emergent design, which is one of the designs used in the grounded theory method. The study population included all the key informants in the field of CRP. A total of 9 key informants were selected through the theoretical sampling method and by relying on the theoretical saturation. An unstructured interview method was also used to collect data. Member check was also used to credibility the research data. To analyze the research data, first, open codes were extracted from the interviews and then summarized and reduced to axial codes. After conceptualizing and reducing the axial codes, a selective theme was extracted.

The findings of this study showed that the cultural, economic, academic major, educational, process, contextual, and individual barriers are obstacles to the commercialization policy of research in Iran's academic system.

Instead of taking the strategic evolutionary cycle, the Iranian academic system has taken the vicious cycle of formalism. Thus, most of the policymakers of Iran's higher education system also have a transformational desire in their mind. This view is caused problems in Iran's academic system; because the main strategic path is ignored.

Only economic and social institutions can be comprehensive that provide the necessary platforms and fields for the linkage of universities with the industry and the commercialization of research. Inclusive institutions are institutions that allow wide participation of individuals in their economic and political spheres and encourage individuals to use their talents and have creative ideas and thoughts. Such institutions need to protect private property, and legal systems without bias and provide social services. In such conditions, universities can undertake a strategic evolutionary cycle. It is not surprising that the capabilities that have been proposed for the commercialization of research include factors such as evaluating technological innovations, protecting intellectual property rights, identifying business partners, and creating a platform for creating ideas and producing new technologies. All of these find meaning in inclusive institutions; hence societies that have monopolistic economic and social institutions are unable to provide such platforms, and this is the reason why industry-related projects also face failure in those societies. For this reason, academic research in such societies does not turn into actions or cannot achieve social achievements.

The authors appreciate all the faculty members who participated in the research.

The purpose of this study was to find out the obstacles of Thesis writing for postgraduate students from Zanjan University graduate students’ point of view and presenting solutions for solving existing problems.

This study is an applied research which has been carried out through a survey-analytical method. The sample consists of 170 graduate students of Zanjan University who were selected randomly. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data.

The findings indicated that the students had more difficulties in 'collecting and analyzing data."Compilation of research methodology" is in the second position. Respondents have faced the least problem in the compilation, printing and publication of the findings. Students at the Faculty of Agriculture have faced more problems in the selection stage, but in other stages of the dissertation development, students from all faculties were in the same situation. Also, postgraduate students have more problems than Ph.D. students in the stage of "compilation of theoretical foundations and research backgrounds." In the other stages of the research, there was no difference between the master's degree students and the Ph.D. students.

Thesis writing is a process that begins with the selection of the topic and ends with the publication of the findings, and each of the stages has different activities that need to be considered individually and special planning should be done to solve the identified problems. In this reas each, all of these steps has been studied, which professors of research methods and statistics courses and postgraduate students can take advantage of this in formulating operational policies.