جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « ای » در نشریات گروه « کتابداری و مدیریت اطلاعات »

The research was conducted with the aim of identifying the components and indicators of voluntary activity in public libraries. The research method in the current study was qualitative content analysis, and the statistical population was the content of 17 websites of selected public libraries in the world. The findings showed that the voluntary services provided in public libraries; They are: welcoming and answering the general questions of visitors, loaning and returning books, preparing crafts for children, cooperating in creating and decorating the library on various occasions, registering members and renewing membership cards, cooperating in the implementation of ceremonies and competitions, stories. As if for children, answering the questions of researchers. The criteria for recruiting and evaluating volunteer services in public libraries are: interest in books and reading; having sufficient opportunity to provide voluntary services; Relevancy of education degree and employment records; relative familiarity with the library and its resources; The methods of providing voluntary services in terms of time and place are: providing voluntary services in the library in person, providing voluntary services outside the library in person, providing services virtually and at different times.The components and indicators of the model of providing voluntary services in public libraries are: individual and internal factors, organizational factors, sociological components, legal components, government policies, non-governmental organizations. The presence of volunteers in an official and consistent manner in public libraries does not have a significant history. Also, a significant part of the volunteering activities that are done for libraries is done with the traditional method that requires the presence of volunteers in the library. Although the presence of volunteers in the library can have many benefits for libraries and volunteers; However, there are obstacles and challenges in this field, including the provision of necessary facilities and equipment for volunteers and the provision of services during the library's limited working hours. These problems and challenges force the management of libraries to adopt methods to prepare the platform of virtual space for voluntary activities. Also, according to the need of library members to receive information at any place and at any time, the use of virtual space has become a necessity for libraries. On the other hand, librarians and library managers have realized that in order to compete with information providers, they have to leave the library environment. It empowers library managers to lead the society towards books and reading by introducing and providing services.

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of modern information and communication technologies and digital equipments on crime control and prevention in police stations. This research is one of the qualitative researches that its data was collected through semi-structured qualitative interviews with experts in the field of information technology and crime prevention. The number of participants in the research process was determined basically by theoretical saturation principle and they were selected using the Purposive sampling method. After being converted into text, Data were classified and coded and were analyzed using Atlas.ti qualitative content analysis software.In the advanced countries of the world, the use of new information technology in police stations has made the police successful in preventing crime and reducing the occurrence of crime, and has brought people's satisfaction. The most important effects of using information technology on crime prevention in police stations; Improving accuracy, speed and quality in providing services, making correct decisions, increasing people's satisfaction and productivity in crime prevention (crime reduction), which are the main factors in improving effectiveness, relative advantage and efficiency in police stations. The basic use of information technology in police stations by reducing physical interactions, costs and focusing the structure of the organization through the elimination of additional processes in carrying out missions and increasing the speed, accuracy and quality in predicting and controlling crimes; It leads to the effective prevention of crime in society and increases people's trust in the police.

The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of survey method. The statistical population includes 50 users of information and digital environments, who were selected as an available sample and in a simple non-random way, and the researcher-made questionnaire with 30 questions was distributed among them, and finally 44 questionnaires were collected. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to check the reliability of the questionnaire, which is equal to 0.937. In order to measure the validity of the said questionnaire using the method of internal consistency of construct validity, the results of the correlation coefficient between each of the questions of the components were significant at the error level of less than 0.01, which shows that the said questionnaire has high construct validity. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (univariate t-test) were used using SPSS software. In other words, the satisfaction of users and the increase in the audience of digital information, as well as the review of web page feedback by researchers in recent years, led to a gradual balance between the visual appeal and functionality of the pages, and rules for their design were formed under It is known as user experience. In the meantime, creating a suitable visual environment for communicating with users, and user interface environments and user experience design has become one of the most important parts of digital information media.  Information is provided to the end users of this information through the Internet and web sites (World Wide Web) and search engines. on the other hand, the current research aims to know how much the correct management of digital information can affect the user interface environment and career experience in order to guide users to their desired information environment, according to the components of information management and user research. Thus, according to the goal, the problem of the said research is that, simultaneously with the production and distribution of digital and electronic information on the world wide web, how can information be placed and arranged with the help of user research components (user interface and user experience) managed in such a way that it is accessible to users and the final audience of information in a satisfactory way. Since information technologies and digital data have quickly confronted users with the complexities of interacting with technological and electronic spaces, based on this complexity and the type of interactions, there is a need to develop methods to better understand the audience. And responding correctly to their inner and sensory needs during a research process. The role of digital information management in application research from the point of view of end users is significantly higher than the average and digital information management has played a role in application research to a large extent (63%).

 This research deals with the problem of innovation and optimization of providing services related to the library stack to facilitate the restoration and accurate arrangement of books and the protection and maintenance of resources. In this regard, the innovative book locator device tool has been evaluated in libraries. To achieve the goal of this research, an experimental method has been used. The type of this research is also applied. Data collection was done through the distribution of two types of questionnaires "pre-test" and "post-test" in two stages with a time interval of two months. To collect this information, 50 employees working in the stack of target libraries participated in the period of December 2020 to February 2022. The target community of this research included 10 important libraries in Tehran which had similar sections and the same row. Therefore 50 book locator devices were produced and their use was tested for 60 days. The main components of this research on the effectiveness of using the book locator device to solve book stack problems are: reducing waste of time, reducing the amount of disorganized resources, reducing depreciation of resources, reducing empty places of books and archival items, and increasing accuracy in the exact arrangement of resources. Questionnaire data was collected using a control group and a Likert scale test. The reliability of the research was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient higher than 0.7. Finally, the answers were analyzed using Excel and SPSS software. The results of this research showed that more than 71 percent of the statistical population of the research consider the use of the book locator device to reduce the depreciation of books in the library stack to be effective. Also, the use of the book locator device has solved 98 percent of the problems related to displacement and mistakes in the arrangement of books in the library stack. After testing the book locator device, 87 percent of users mentioned that the correct and accurate arrangement of books on the shelf saves time and increases work speed. Additionally, 96 percent of sample individuals reported that, during book returns, the flashing light of the book locator device increases work speed and attracts librarian attention. The results of this research showed that none of the studied libraries have a book locator device and the arrangement of books is done by librarians. 90 percent of people participating in the research evaluated the book locator device as a useful tool which indicates the efficiency of this device in the library environment. In general, the use of the book locator device is an example of innovation and creativity in the stack of libraries and can have general and practical aspects and help to increase the efficiency in the management of library resources.

Considering the role of science education in the economic growth of every country, it is included in the curriculum of k12 education. In the meantime, green chemistry has been given attention in science education. Green chemistry is one of the most fundamental approaches used in sustainable development. Textbooks are expected to pave the way for sustainable development by educating the principles of green chemistry. The goal of green chemistry is to design products and processes that are compatible with the environment and minimize the risks caused by chemicals.

The application of the principles of green chemistry in the subject of electrochemistry in the chemistry textbook was investigated in this research.

This research is descriptive-analytical and it uses the method of content Analysis. The statistical population of the study is the 3rd grade chemistry textbook and the studied sample is the second chapter of this book in terms of attention to electrochemical concepts, which includes pictures and text containing titles, written sentences, and questions. The research tool was the twelve principles of green chemistry. The research method was based on the census of the analysis units based on the aforementioned principles. To achieve content validity, the opinions of experts in chemistry education were considered and the results were presented in the form of descriptive statistics.

Findings from content analysis showed that about 31% of the content has an educational approach based on green chemistry, which refers to 9 principles of green chemistry. On the other hand, principles 8, 10, and 11 principles of green chemistry have not been considered. Also, due to the role of electrochemical knowledge in providing clean energy, the principle of maximum energy efficiency had the highest percentage of frequency in the designed content based on attention to the environment.

Collective entrepreneurship is a structured and collaborative action to strengthen entrepreneurial behavior, which itself helps to improve the quality of human resources and also helps to remove many obstacles facing entrepreneurial processes. The main goal of this research is to identify the factors affecting collective entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector.

This research is qualitative in terms of its purpose and has been conducted using thematic (content) analysis technique. The method of data collection is using semi-structured data interviews. The statistical population includes 16 faculty members of the entrepreneurship department and agricultural promotion and education department of Razi University, managers and also entrepreneurs of the agricultural sector of Kermanshah city, who were selected using targeted and snowball sampling. The data was analyzed using a three-level coding process (open, central, and selective coding).

The results of the research showed that the research model includes 8 factors influencing the strengthening of collective entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector, which was obtained by using 61 concepts (indices).

These factors include: economic, social, cultural, educational, legal, physiological, socio-cultural and communication factors. In the end, practical suggestions were presented in order to identify the effective factors on strengthening collective entrepreneurship.

Problem posing is one of the most important topics in mathematics education. Researches show that teachers' use of problem situations in classrooms and students' ability in this field are not desirable. Considering the important role of textbooks in mathematics education, the aim of the present research is to investigate and analyze the content of mathematics textbooks of the second secondary school in terms of problem posing.
This research is of a qualitative type and its statistical population is all mathematics textbooks of the second year of high school theoretical fields in the academic year 2023-2024. Content analysis was done by the Krippendorff method. First, the keywords that support the design of the problem were determined and then identified in the textbooks. The theoretical framework of Stoyanova and Ellerton, which divides the problem setting situations into three categories, free, semi-structured and structured, was used in this research. Based on this framework, the entire content of the books was examined. Then the situations of the problem were identified and separated based on the three stated situations. The frequency of each situation was calculated and data analysis was done.
The results of the research showed that in the 13 reviewed books, there are 75 situations of problem posing, of which 90.6% are semi-structured situations. The twelfth grade math and physics math book had the most problems with 16 positions. Also, in all the books, the semi-structured problem design had the highest percentage of problem posing.
The result of the analysis showed that little attention has been paid to the activities of problem posing by the authors. Considering the importance of these activities, increasing them quantitatively and qualitatively by the authors can help to solve this deficiency.

Subjec: 

Science and technology’s progress have opened new horizons for human being in a way that its effects have transformed the human lifestyle and given changed the globe. Undoubtedly, the spread of science in any society is related to the level of public understanding of science. For more than half a century, this index has been designed to measure public understanding of science in most developed countries and it is used in various surveys. The results of surveys show the positive effects of this index in improving the general public's understanding of science.

The purpose of this study is assessing and making localize the indicators of public understanding about science and technology in Iran. Considering the cultural and social differences of the societies, the indicators of public understanding of science were localized based on the cultural and social requirements of the country.

The research method in this study is descriptive and it is a survey. The people who study in this paper includes all men and women over 18 years who lived in Iran in 1400 and multi-stage cluster sampling method was used for selecting the samples. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. With using the opinion of experts and their agreement coefficient, the content and face validity of the questionnaire were confirmed. Also measuring the construct validity second order confirmatory factor analysis was used. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used for measuring the reliability of the prepared questionnaire and its items. This questionnaire examined the public understanding of society in five areas: 1. Public understanding of science; 2. Science and society; 3. Scientific literacy; 4. Trust in science 5. Media. Also, at the end, two open-ended questions were presented.

The findings show that most people emphasize the positive impact of science and technology. Also, most people participated in scientific programs, but in some activities, such as visiting scientific centers, going to the library, the participation rate is lower. Statements related to scientific literacy were approved by the majority. According to the dimensions of trust in science, the positive and negative opinions are significant. The variety of views about scientific media and other media is worthy of consideration. Trust in jobs can also be checked from very high to minimal. The results of examining two open-ended questions about the introduction of contemporary scientific figures and scientific centers emphasize the necessity of redefining related terms.

Indicators of public understanding of science and technology such as balance monitor the state of science and technology in society. But in Iran, this issue has been neglected, it is necessary for policy makers and planners to pay attention to this issue in order to achieve scientific development and to prioritize the implementation of periodic surveys to measure public understanding of science as a priority in their future plans.

The purpose of this research is to provide a model of using media in guiding hidden learning in order to add quality to educational and educational programs of secondary level.

The research method is qualitative and with thematic analysis approach. The statistical population included professors of educational management, managers and teachers of high schools in Kermanshah. Sampling was done in a sufficient number and with a purposeful method based on reaching theoretical saturation (20 people). The research tools included systematic library study and structured exploratory interviews. The validity of the tool was evaluated and confirmed based on the legal and scientific validity of the sample, expert opinion and agreement between the correctors.

The results of thematic analysis showed that motivational strategies, development of media literacy of teachers and administrators, staff selection, training, infrastructures and facilities, curriculum, teaching method and planning, including strategies of using media in guiding hidden learning in order to add quality to programs. They are educational and training schools.

Based on the obtained results, the media has a high capacity in guiding the students' academic, educational and cultural-social activities, and teachers and teaching staff can advance the educational and educational programs of schools by taking advantage of hidden learning and active presence in the media.

The purpose of this research is to design an interpretive structural model of solutions for continuous improvement of the performance of primary schools in Sama with an interpretive structural modeling approach.
The current research is of mixed type (qualitative and quantitative). In the first phase, the qualitative research method was carried out using thematic analysis, and in the second phase, the quantitative method was carried out based on interpretive structural modeling. The statistical population of both qualitative and quantitative sections, due to the expert-centeredness of the interpretive structural modeling approach, consists of experts, which includes faculty members in the field of educational management. Also, the opinions of SAMA staff managers, SAMA school managers, SAMA school teachers and trainers, and students have been used. The measurement tool in the qualitative part is a semi-structured interview and in the quantitative part, a questionnaire. The questionnaire has compared 5 indicators identified in the qualitative section in the form of 10 items. Validity and reliability of the data have been confirmed. Two methods of theme analysis (Max QDI software) and Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) (Excel software) were used for data analysis.
5 main themes (facilities and equipment, managers, management, teachers and programs) have been identified for continuous improvement solutions for the performance of primary schools in Sama. The facilities and equipment are placed in a linked cluster, that is, they affect other factors and are also affected by other factors; Managers and management are in the independent cluster, which means that it has a great influence on other factors, and other factors have little influence on it, and teachers and programs were placed in the dependent cluster, which means that they are influenced by other factors and have little influence on other factors.

Knowledge is the axis of value creation in today's organizations. Knowledge management as a strategic capital of an organization is considered the most important organizational advantage. On the other hand, the importance of sharing the experiences of librarians to each other in order to perform their professional duties, shows the role of knowledge transfer and sharing methods among librarians. These days, improving the performance of the organization is a response from an organization to face the challenges that arise from the rapid global transformations. From the organization's point of view, this challenge includes responding to the needs of customers and providing goods or services with a high degree of efficiency and in an efficient and effective manner. From the perspective of organizational members, this challenge includes improving the quality of work life. So that the organization is a pleasant and satisfying place for work and effort.This paper examines the state of knowledge sharing among managers and librarians of public libraries in the city of Ahvaz. Every organization has its own culture, which is influenced by the culture of the organization's people. In this research, it has tried to measure the effect of culture on knowledge sharing in the form of components such as competition, motivation, support, cooperation, trust, etc.Research questions are:What is the culture of knowledge sharing among the employees (librarians and managers) of Ahvaz public libraries?What are the different methods of sharing knowledge among the employees (librarians and managers) of public libraries in Ahvaz?What is the status of information and communication technologies for sharing knowledge among public libraries in Ahvaz.

Literature Review:

Literature review shows that there is a positive and significant relationship between organizational culture and knowledge sharing in many studies. For example, a study by Burnette (2017) aims to explore the nature of tacit knowledge (TK) sharing among library colleagues, with a focus on the characteristics of TK and contextual factors such as organizational culture or the mentor/mentee relationship. Three thematic areas emerged. First are the influence of organizational culture and the importance of trust in knowledge sharing behavior. Second, the value of teamwork and the significance of mentor/mentee roles surface as significant drivers of TK exchange. Last but not least is a better understanding of the nature of TK, as it relates to types of knowledge and characterizations of experience and expertise.

This is an applied research and has been done by survey. The statistical population was all employees (managers and librarians) of public libraries in Ahvaz City and the implementation time was 2022. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data, and the content validity of the questionnaire was obtained by experts' opinion and its reliability using Cronbach's alpha (0.90) and dividing it into two halves (0.85). In analyzing the questionnaire data, descriptive statistics techniques were used for demographics, and techniques such as one-sample t-test and Friedman's rank average test were used for the questionnaire's inferential questions.

In terms of the components of sharing culture, the competition between employees for sharing knowledge with the highest average (3.16) has the best status, and the managers' motivation to share knowledge with other libraries is the lowest with an average of 2.70. Also, the state of knowledge sharing in terms of different methods of knowledge sharing shows that the most favorable state is related to courses and workshops with an average of 3.55, followed by the enterprise resource planning (ERP) with 3.51, as well as the quality of personal communication and informal among librarians with an average of 3.26. The findings show the status of knowledge sharing and communication technology from the point of view of the managers and librarians of public libraries in the city. For instance, while training courses and workshops and personal and informal communication between librarians, as well as administrative automation are good, other things such as employee performance and the culture of knowledge sharing are less favorable. Cases were found where there was a lack of awareness of the importance of knowledge sharing and a lack of organizational support.

The results of the current research show that information and communication technology and then knowledge-sharing methods are in a more suitable situation than the categories of employee behavior and knowledge-sharing culture. According to the findings regarding the knowledge-sharing methods, where Friedman's test was used, the highest average rating was given to the method of sharing and exchanging knowledge from courses and workshops with an average rating of 9.63 with a deviation of 0.78. The next ranks were administrative automation system with an average rank of 9.43 and personal and informal communication between librarians with an average rank of 8.46. Finally, the knowledge management system with an average rating of 5.36, publications and bulletins with an average rating of 5.30, and public libraries with an average rating of 4.67, have the lowest average, which should be used by examining the problem of the degree of its solution.Overall, this study shows there is a need to improve information technology and the culture of knowledge sharing.

With the tremendous growth of the Internet from the 1990s to the present, a variety of innovative technologies have emerged that enable users to interact virtually. Metaverse is one of the technologies that has attracted attention. In fact, it is a new technology brought about by augmented and virtual reality, which integrates new technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, blockchain, and virtual reality. In Metaverse, users are able to communicate with each other in virtual space instead of physical communication. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to identify the development barriers of Metaverse in digital libraries.Research Question(s)What are the causal conditions for identifying metaverse development obstacles in digital libraries?What are the background conditions affecting the identification of metaverse development obstacles in digital libraries?What are the intervening conditions in identifying the development obstacles of metaverse in digital libraries?What are the strategies to identify the development obstacles of metaverse in digital libraries?What are the consequences of identifying the development barriers of metaverse in digital libraries?

Literature Review:

Metaverse is a combination of two words, Meta+ Universe. Each of these two words has different meanings. The word meta is derived from the Greek root "beyond" and verse is derived from the word "universe" meaning "world". As a result, the word metaverse means a world beyond the real world. Metaverse is a virtual world where users can experience all the activities they have in the real world in the virtual world. Many experts in this field believe that the further development of Metaverse will not affect the daily lives of companies and people, but its impact on culture and society, in general, is undeniable (Yufu. et.al, 2023؛ Mohammad Hasan, 2023(. Since 1999, the growth of information technology has transformed the future of information systems (Arshad, Ameen, 2019). Hence, information technology increases the speed of operations and reduces costs and ultimately has made a major difference in how libraries do things (Thimm, 2017). As organizations that store and retrieve information, libraries are voluntarily or involuntarily influenced by new technologies. In recent years, smart libraries have been created with the growth of technology from terms such as digital, virtual, and electronic libraries (Gul and Bano, 2019).One of the types of libraries that can be imagined in the field of virtual reality or metaverse is digital libraries. It is a new type of traditional library in which time and place do not matter and users who have the necessary information are given the opportunity to find the resources they need in any situation (Rahmani, 2022).

The current research is qualitative in terms of purpose and implementation method. The approach considered in the present research is based on the basic theory, which is a method utilized in qualitative research according to inductive methods. For this purpose, it starts with sampling, data collection, and at the same time coding and data analysis. Data analysis is done based on open-source, central, and selective sources, which will continue until theoretical saturation. In the present study, the steps of work are as follows. First, sampling was done from among the research population, followed by formulating interview questions, collecting information, coding and analyzing data, open coding, and selective focus, and the conceptual model was formulated based on answers to the research questions. In the present study, the statistical population included 10 university specialists who were selected by purposive sampling. The sample size was calculated based on the theoretical saturation principle. In fact, the researchers did not identify any barriers to the interview after holding the interview, so two other interviews were held. The inclusion criteria of selected specialists were membership in educational and academic institutions, fields of study being related to digital libraries and Metaverse (information science and epistemology, computer, architecture), having books and articles related to the current research field, and interest in participating in interviews. Due to the closure of educational and academic institutions in the summer, most of the interviews were held by phone. The research tool was semi-structured interviews in the field of developing Metaverse libraries in digital domains. Open, central and selective coding method based on grounded theory was used to analyze the data. "user understanding", "heady library", "economic status", "technology literacy level", "cultures and values", "background and experience", "user needs". Intervening conditions include "limited resources", "high speed of change", "uncertainty in the future of the Metaverse", "human factors". Strategies include "education and awareness", "collaboration with technology companies", "development of technology infrastructure", and "research and development" and messages include "access to information", "non-compliance with standards", "security and privacy risks", "non-acceptance by users".

The findings of the research show that there are 53 central themes in the form of causal conditions as follows. "Existence of a problem or issues involved", "individual factors", "organizational, managerial", "technology", "political", "social", "institutional"; terms of the fields include "technology development", "user understanding", "heady library", "economic status", "technology literacy level", "cultures and values", "background and experience", "user needs". Intervening conditions include "limited resources", "high speed of change", "uncertainty in the future of the Metaverse", and "human factors". Strategies include "education and awareness", "collaboration with technology companies", "development of technology infrastructure", "research and development" and messages include "access to information", "non-compliance with standards", "security and privacy risks", and "non-acceptance by users".

In explaining the result, it can be said that according to the codes extracted from the interviews, the causal conditions involve individual, organizational, managerial, political, institutional, social and other factors that create a barrier in the formation of Metaverse in digital libraries. In addition to the causal conditions, intervening and contextual factors were also considered and investigated. In the intervening factors, those factors such as limited resources, high speed of technological change, uncertainty in the future of Metaverse, and human factors were identified. Moreover, contextual factors including users' understanding, economic status, technology literacy level, cultures and values, background and experience, and users' needs were identified. Therefore, according to the abovementioned obstacles, the strategies of education and awareness, cooperation with technology companies, development of technology infrastructure, and finally research and development were extracted. The strategies show both positive and negative reactions of the emerging Metaverse phenomenon on digital libraries. Finally, the consequences of Metaverse in digital libraries include lack of access to Metaverse and its development, reducing access to information, non-compliance with standards, security and privacy risks, non-acceptance by users, which result from strategies.

Based on the results, it can be said that there are various obstacles in the development of Metaverse. When these obstacles are identified and the necessary solutions are provided to solve them, it can be said that libraries will have new opportunities to provide services to their users with the development of Metaverse. By thinking creatively about how to use this technology, libraries can become valuable educational and social platforms.

The use of metadata in various information contexts such as cultural heritage contexts (libraries, museums, and archives) requires proper management. Using metadata, especially during the production or before publication of the content objects, is an appropriate solution; because it provides the ability to identify, evaluate, select, explore, and manage content objects in various information storage and retrieval systems. Each library and information center needs a range of metadata standards to manage content objects and facilitate and expedite access to them. In most cases, a single standard cannot meet all needs or support all intended functions. In other words, not all elements of a metadata standard are applicable to a particular library or information center. The solution offered by the information and knowledge organization field, especially the metadata field, is an application profile to solve the problem of the non-applicability of a metadata standard and its set of elements in a particular library or information context.The Library, Museum, and Archive of the Holy Shrine of Hazrat Masoumeh (A.S.) have a collection of valuable ancient resources and objects, which its printed resources and written heritage have been organized, and their bibliographic information is available for viewing and use by clients through the Azarsa Software. A vast number of written and audiovisual documents, along with over 7,000 historical artifacts, have been registered and recorded in this center. The purpose of the current research was to design a metadata application profile for describing and organizing (processing) the content objects of the Library, Museum, and Archive of the Holy Shrine of Hazrat Masoumeh (A.S.).

Literature Review:

Application profiles emerged after criticisms were made about the Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI) for being simple and proposals to expand or complete it through other metadata standards (Tennis, 2015). Application profiles provide a mechanism to extract the elements required, appropriate to the characteristics of a database or information centers, link between these elements, and present them in the application profile form. Non-use of an application profile causes local needs not to be considered in the metadata schema, and this causes the database, digital library, or information centers to face many problems during the use phase (Najafzadeh, 2016).Application profiles consist of metadata elements from one or more standards that are implemented, combined, and optimized according to the local environment. Combining multiple standard metadata schemas to develop an application profile enables metadata to have a higher level of standardization, organization, and interoperability, and to be easily shared among many organizations (Nonthakarn & Wuwongse, 2015). Application profile consists of four main components: application, entities, entities’ properties, and property’s value (Gerontakos & Riesenberg, 2021, p14). From Taheri's point of view (2014, p154), the birth certificate of each metadata application profile element has 13 components. These components are: name of term, label, defined by, source definition, library definition, description, type of term, refinement(s), refined by, encoding scheme, obligation, data type, and occurrence. These components are generally mentioned in the table form.Libraries, archives, and museums have been important institutions that have facilitated access to all kinds of information in the form of diverse content objects and have led to the cultural and educational progress of the society. These institutions in the current information society need to describe and organize their content objects, and metadata tools are very helpful in this field. Therefore, some of the best places to design, use, and exploit application profiles are libraries and information centers.

The research method was practical in terms of the goal, which was carried out with an analysis approach. The research community was the employees of the organization department and managers of the Library, Museum and Archive of the Holy Shrine of Hazrat Masoumeh (A.S.) and elements, attributes and properties of the metadata standards of the cultural heritage context (library, archive and museum), which were selected by purposeful sampling method. The data collection method was structured observation and the tools were interviews, questionnaires, and checklists

The findings showed that in order to describe and organize (process) the content objects of the Library, Museum, and Archive of the Holy Shrine of Hazrat Masoumeh (A.S.), three separate metadata application profiles are needed for the library, museum, and archive. The metadata application profile designed for library, museum and archives content objects had 53, 83, and 27 main and sub-elements, respectively. Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS), UK Collection Management Standard (Spectrum), and International Standard Archival Description (ISAD) had the highest number in the metadata application profile in the contexts of library, museum, and archives, respectively.

The design of a metadata application profile will lead to the proper description and processing of content objects, more convergence of the cultural heritage context, as well as better management of metadata. This is done according to local context and needs, and it will increase the access points, retrieval, and interoperability with other information management systems and libraries

Information literacy involves a range of skills such as recognizing information needs, understanding information production and value, and using information to generate new knowledge ethically. It is essential for individuals to locate, evaluate, and utilize information effectively to become lifelong learners. This research aims to investigate how education influences the information literacy abilities of out-of-school children in accessing digital libraries and databases.

This study utilized a Semi-experimental research design and survey method. Initial theoretical studies were conducted, and five information literacy standards were compared to develop a new pattern. The population consisted of 195 dropouts from two schools - Moshtaq in Kerman and Arslan Boys in Rafsanjan. The sample size of 120 individuals was selected using a simple random method, with 100 students completing the questionnaire. Survey data was analyzed before and after information literacy training over one semester using a checklist with five components and 15 indicators. Reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha, which yielded a value of 0.851.

The study revealed that digital libraries and databases were available to a favorable extent, with a 2.935 percent availability rate. Prior to training, students showed a 2.125 percent proficiency in locating information in digital resources, which improved to 2.45 percent post-training. Additionally, students demonstrated an average skill level of 2.38 in utilizing full-text databases within digital libraries.

The research underscored the importance of education in enhancing information literacy skills, particularly in the areas of information retrieval and selection, database usage, and critical evaluation of online sources. Recommendations included teaching students how to identify reliable information sources, conduct effective information searches, and utilize various search operators for refining search results.Value: The novelty of the research lies in its examination of the Impact of Education on Information Literacy Skills of Dropout Students in Utilizing Digital Libraries and Databases through a Semi-experimental research design.

The present study aimed to identify the level of user satisfaction with the digital library services of Allameh Tabatabai University during the Corona era.

The research utilized an applied purpose and descriptive survey method. The statistical population consisted of all students of the Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology at Allameh Tabatabai University. Data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire distributed electronically, with 156 out of 450 respondents answering the questionnaire thoroughly. One-sample t-test was used to test hypotheses, supplemented by additional tests such as t-test for two independent samples, ANOVA, Friedman, Levin, and Tukey. The validity of the questionnaire was established through content validity method with a coefficient above 0.76, and reliability was confirmed through Cronbach's test with a coefficient of 0.726.

Results revealed that user satisfaction with accessing online library services, service interface environment, information retrieval, visual effects, and personal library services of Allameh Tabatabai University's digital library were significantly higher than the standard score of 3. However, satisfaction with accessing domestic and international databases was found to be significantly lower than the standard score.

Overall, user satisfaction with Allameh Tabatabai University's digital library services was deemed to be in a good state during the Corona era.

Value: 

This study provides insights into user satisfaction with digital library services during a pandemic, offering valuable perspectives on delivering digital information services during crises.

This study investigates the correlation between bibliometric and altmetrics indices of Iranian JCR (Journal Citation Reports) journals, with a focus on their presence on social media platforms.

The research utilized a scientometric approach to examine all Iranian JCR journals indexed in the Web of Science database in 2022. Initial data retrieval identified 156 Iranian journal titles, with 94 of them being shared at least once on social media, yielding variable scores. Data collection was carried out using the Altmetric.com database, and data analysis was conducted using Pearson's correlation test in the SPSS (v.23) software.

The results indicate that Twitter is the primary platform for sharing scientific research among Iranian JCR journals on social media, with Pinterest and LinkedIn being underutilized. Interestingly, there was no significant relationship found between highly cited Iranian JCR journals and their presence on social media platforms, suggesting that some highly cited journals are not being shared on these platforms.

Although Iranian journals exhibit promise in certain indicators, there is a need for increased utilization in scientific circles. Notably, a positive correlation was observed between journal citations and mentions on virtual social networks, emphasizing the importance of further exploration of this relationship.

Value: 

This study emphasizes the potential for comparing bibliometric and altmetrics indicators to monitor scientific outputs in both traditional and virtual environments.

The objective of this study is to identify the challenges hindering the formation of Knowledge Enterprises.

This research follows a pragmatic approach and combines library research techniques with field methodologies to collect data. It utilizes a descriptive-comparative method, including a Delphi survey. The study involves professors specializing in knowledge and information science from Tehran universities, as well as senior experts in knowledge-based businesses. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 40 participants. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistical measures (mean, percentage) and SPSS 25 software.

The study found that obstacles to establishing Knowledge Enterprises include both internal and external factors. Internal hurdles consist of managerial constraints, operational and structural limitations, and educational barriers. External challenges include environmental, economic, financial, cultural, legal, and administrative constraints.

Organizations and knowledge-based enterprises can address internal obstacles such as managerial constraints, operational and structural limitations, as well as external challenges like environmental, economic, financial, cultural, legal, and administrative barriers. This approach can create a supportive environment for the development of knowledge-based businesses and products.

Value: 

This research offers valuable insights for policymakers in Iran by identifying barriers to establishing Knowledge Enterprises. This information can help in developing strategies to overcome obstacles and promote the production of knowledge-based products.

Public libraries are among the essential pillars of a democratic society, serving as symbols of social progress and civil pride in the pursuit of lifelong learning. As these libraries cater to various segments of society, trained and knowledgeable personnel, referred to as librarians or information specialists, play a crucial role in identifying and meeting users' information needs. In line with their responsibilities towards different societal groups, they must adapt their service delivery methods concurrently with societal advancements. Today, with recent technological advancements, achieving this requires librarians to primarily possess digital literacy.

Given recent technological advancements, it has been established that primarily, librarians must possess digital literacy skills. On the other hand, previous research indicates that most managers believe a precise understanding of personality traits is crucial in management science because individuals' personality structures significantly influence their perception, evaluation, and response to the environment (Rostami et al., 2009). One of the most effective and comprehensive theories proposed regarding personality is the Five-Factor Model by Costa and McCrae (1992). According to this theory, the personality structure comprises hierarchical dimensions of Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness. Conscientiousness, or Dutifulness, is at the highest level and can be broken down into lower-level facets or traits. Additionally, studies show that digital literacy skills correlate with various managerial dimensions, highlighting the significance of identifying the personality structure of human resources, particularly in organizations. According to White (2002), personality traits can be utilized to predict behaviors and job performance of individuals. Since public libraries are among the centers that, in comparison to other types of libraries, serve as crucial informational hubs to various segments of society, they are considered one of the most significant cultural bases. Therefore, in this regard, the personality of librarians can undoubtedly be influential. Their manner of interaction can play a pivotal role in attracting users to libraries. Therefore, this research aims to determine the relationship between personality traits and digital literacy skills among librarians in public libraries of a practical nature, employing a survey method.

Data collection involved using two questionnaires: the McCrae and Costa personality traits questionnaire and the digital literacy skills questionnaire. The statistical population of this research comprised 170 librarians from public libraries in Kermanshah province, with a sample size of 118, determined using Morgan's table. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the SPSS software.

The correlation coefficient between personality traits and digital literacy skills was positive and equal to 0.48, indicating a moderate correlation between these two variables. Furthermore, the correlation coefficients between the personality traits of Neuroticism, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Openness to Experience, and Conscientiousness with digital literacy skills were positive, and based on the regression line slope in the scatterplot, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism had the greatest to least impact on this relationship, respectively.

The results of the present study revealed that the most influential trait in digital literacy is neuroticism. Perhaps one of the major reasons for the significant relationship between neuroticism and digital literacy is the presence of strong and face-to-face interactions with visitors, high motivation, and attention to career advancement. It's possible that one of the reasons many librarians gravitate towards digital literacy skills is to find relief from obsessive thoughts, anxiety, and life stresses. Another reason could be that the virtual world serves as an escape for librarians from stress, fear, and life difficulties. Therefore, it can be said that personality traits, particularly neuroticism, predict librarians' use or non-use of digital literacy skills. Consequently, individuals high in neuroticism may be attracted to and develop a habit of acquiring digital literacy skills due to the presence of these traits and their inability to cope with such problems, seemingly helping them overcome feelings of loneliness, boredom, and inadequacy.

In conclusion, the findings of this research provide a clear representation of the relationship and role of librarians' personality traits in digital literacy skills. It is essential for librarians to become aware of their weaknesses in terms of digital literacy skills and take the initiative to enhance their knowledge in this area. Digital literacy skills undoubtedly assist librarians in this regard. If librarians lack sufficient digital literacy skills, they will not be able to provide better services to users based on modern search techniques and information retrieval methods.

The importance of this research will be to add more color to the inherent characteristics of the field of information science and epistemology in terms of storing and retrieving information and meeting the information needs of the clients by producing an archive ontology and the role and impact of the information profession in meeting the information needs of the clients.

Since librarians play an intermediary role in the exchange of knowledge. In the new era, their challenges and the scope of their responsibilities have increased significantly so that they are able to be important helpers to control the expanding world of information.
What constitutes the main problem of information science today is the methods of accessing information. If previously the concern of information science specialists was to regularly collect resources and provide bibliographies, now most efforts are focused on providing more information about resources and delivering them to the end user. For these reasons, it can be said that today the traditional structures of libraries have collapsed and the new order has replaced it. In the past, the traditional role of reference department employees of libraries and information centers was to provide bibliographic information to the referents, that is, to provide information about the information, but today their duty is to guide the referents to the same information. Another important thing that happened in the process of the information revolution is the sharing of resources, the creation of information networks using new information technologies made not only the information centers of a country but all the information centers of the world share in each other's resources. (Mahdavi, 1998)
Libraries play an intermediary role in the exchange of knowledge, the emergence of the Internet created the impression that libraries will go away, but the passage of time has shown that this impression only stems from a lack of proper understanding of the position and function of the library (Middleton, 2012)

This research is applied in terms of purpose and sequential combination (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of type. In this way, first by using the library method based on the study of literature and backgrounds related to the subject, the components and characteristics of the dictionary were extracted, then by using the qualitative method (Delphi study) based on the opinions of experts in information science and an in-depth interview was conducted in three stages, the components were extracted by the content analysis method and the lexical circle was determined. After the analysis of quantitative data, the necessity of creating an ontology for radio and television archives became clearer, and in the following, the proposed ontology model of radio and television archives was presented.
In this research, the studied community of archivists of radio and television archives in Tehran, whose number was 120, has been investigated through a census through a digital questionnaire. Also, in order to present the proposed ontology model, the words related to the topics and production programs in the broadcasting organization were collected and a preliminary ontology was prepared for the broadcasting archive as a sample using Protege software. The proposed ontology resulting from the transformation of concepts in the field of radio and television programs, which is available in its archives, was carried out in four stages: collecting concepts, discovering and determining the relationships between concepts, creating a worksheet for each concept and implementing the ontology in the project environment. This proposed model can be useful for producing the ontology of radio and television archives.

After three rounds of interviews with experts in the field of archives (10 experts in the field of archives and managers of radio and television archives in Tehran) and analysis of the opinions of the participants in the Delphi study panel, it was determined that 15 components were used to measure vocabulary. From these main components, a number of quantitative questions were developed by the researcher. 85 questions were asked from the statistical population. The following results are the results of the analysis of the research questionnaire for the section related to the vocabulary of radio and television archivists:Descriptive statistics indices such as: frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation have been used to examine and analyze the respondents' information. Research hypotheses are also used. The structural equation modeling technique has been tested. In order to get a better understanding of the research community and get more familiar with the research variables, before analyzing the statistical data, it is necessary to describe these data. Therefore, before testing the research hypotheses, the descriptive statistics of the variables used in the research were examined. The average, as one of the central parameters, represents the center of gravity of the society, and in other words, it shows that if the average is placed instead of all the observations of the society, there will be no change in the sum total of the society's data. Also, the maximum shows the highest variable number in the statistical population and the minimum shows the lowest variable number in the statistical population.

Broadcasting archives play a role in program production as the beating heart of programming, since these centers are considered as a center for storing the produced resources, less attention has been paid to their role and influence in the program production process. Radio archivists, since they are educated in information science and science, and professionally, can play an effective role in retrieving information and providing optimal information for producing programs and helping to improve the programming process. Archive ontology and training related to information retrieval and the use of information retrieval tools can play a more colorful role in professional activity. The strength of the relationship between the rich vocabulary and the quality of the information provided by radio archivists has been calculated as 0.74, which shows that there is a favorable correlation between vocabulary and ontology in information delivery. The t-statistic of the test is also 2.14, which is greater than the critical value of t at the 5% error level, i.e. 1.96, and it shows that the observed correlation is significant. Therefore, the hypothesis of the research is confirmed and it can be said that there is a direct relationship between the rich vocabulary and the quality of information provided by radio archivists and the ontology of the archive.
Enhancing their vocabulary, which is one of the main components of the field of information science and epistemology, can help in achieving the goal of providing quality information and retrieving resources in archives and using them in programming. The results of the present research also confirm the opinion that an archivist with a rich vocabulary using archive ontology can be useful in retrieving information and providing information optimally. The proposed ontology resulting from the transformation of concepts in the field of radio and television programs, which is available in its archives, was carried out in four stages: collecting concepts, discovering and determining the relationships between concepts, creating a worksheet for each concept and implementing the ontology in the project environment. This proposed model can be useful for the production of the ontology of radio and television archives.

The aim of this research is to conduct an analysis of qualitative and quantitative studies on applying thesauri to the construction and development of ontologies and the identification of subject domains. We will investigate the approaches and methods used in these studies.

This descriptive-analytical research was conducted following the seven stages of systematic review suggested by Petticrew and Roberts (2008). Data analysis and visualization were facilitated using the DatawRapper software.

The analysis of studies in the area of applying thesauri in the construction and development of ontologies, while identifying and presenting the subject trends of studies, frequency, methods, languages and approaches, showed that the studies in this area include six main topics as follows: applying thesauri in the construction and development of ontologies in connection with multilingual information retrieval, applying thesauri in the construction and development of ontologies to cover a specific subject domain, applying the ISO 25964 standard in the development of ontologies using thesauri, presenting the framework, methods and tools for the use of thesauri in construction and development of ontologies, improving semantic relations and concept mapping using thesauri in the construction and development of ontologies and review studies of thesauri conversion to ontologies. 

Various subject domains, across different time periods, have benefited from applying thesauri for the construction and development of ontologies. Thesauri, as semantic tools, have provided the context for organizing, retrieving and accessing information more accurately and easily for stakeholders and applicants across various domains. Despite these advancements, the lack of a standardized and consensual framework, coupled with the need to update methods, approaches, and tools due to the reliance on natural language processing (NLP) technologies and knowledge engineering, has necessitated further research to mature this field.