جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Function » در نشریات گروه « کتابداری و مدیریت اطلاعات »

Using function notation is very common in science and technology. The vast use of Function notation prompts philosophical analysis to investigate it and brings upon many theories that try to explain this concept. Most of these investigations consider Function notation usage in natural sciences, especially in biology, and they either neglect or disregard this concept in the Technological domain. The main consideration of this paper is Use-plan based function theory (or more commonly known as “ICE Theory”) which is built primarily for the Technical domain. In the beginning, the paper presents a short historical review of the development of function theories. Then, the usual problems of some of these theories in the technology realm are mentioned; and as a result, the motivations for developing a theory of function which is appropriate for the technology domain are described. Origin and foundation of The ICE theory is a theory about Using and Designing of technical artifacts, which is described briefly and suitable for needs of our argument in this article. The main method in this paper and for assessing function theories is, comparing these theories with the intuitions regarding artifacts in particular and technology in general. Then for evaluating function theories, four standards (or four intuitions) are introduced. Moreover, three general technical function theories are introduced. It is shown that each of these theories fails to meet at least one of these criteria. Finally, after presenting a formulation of the ICE theory, it is shown that this theory is consistent with the intuitions presented and has a comparative advantage over the other three theories.

The aim of this article is to analyze the relationship between technology and ethical values, and to demonstrate that technological artifacts are not ethically neutral, but rather can be morally assessed. To do so, it is referred to two Dutch philosophers of technology, namely (Ibo) van de Poel and Peter-Paul Verbeek. According to Poel’s view function and side-effects of artifacts can be related to ethical values, accordingly, artifacts can embody values, and in practice lead to the supervenience of values. On the basis of Verbeek’s opinion, artifacts affect human action and perception. This effect can be ethically assessed, and technological design bringing about virtuous life for human beings can be suggested. At last, with the aid of a critical analysis of what was stated, it is tried to present a consistent proposal, according to which technological artifacts are in a sense good or bad, and design ethics is defensible.

Science, technology and innovation domain can be known as one of the most important and strategic issues in Iran, which considered a lot specially in the recent years. National innovation system, as a comprehensive outlook for players of this area and their relationships, can help us improve it. Innovation intermediaries are an important part of NIS which make coordinative and synergic relationships among different players of NIS (governmental bodies, universities, industries and private part), which worked as isolated islands before. This article, begins first by introducing innovation intermediary bodies as an important part of NIS, then it follows by definition, scientific literature and a comprehensive classification of previous researches in this area. Then we will present an overview of innovation intermediary institutions in Iran in three branches of government, university and industry. By doing interviews and using related documents, we gathered necessary data for this research and by using a grounded theory method with Glaserian approach (emergent and spontaneous) and as the innovation of this research we finally introduce corridor of innovation intermediaries and explain functions of each of them. The result, is shown in a diagram according the growth path of knowledge based firms and their related functions of innovation intermediaries in each level of their growth.