جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "کودکان پیش دبستانی" در نشریات گروه "تربیت بدنی"

Preschool is a sensitive period for the development of motor and cognitive skills and the child must reach sufficient ‎physical maturity and cognition to enter school. Given the importance of pre-school preparation and the prevalence ‎of drawing and writing problems in primary school children. The purpose of this study is to develop a motor-‎cognitive inventory to help identify drawing and writing problems in preschool children.‎

 In this study, 40 preschool children aged five to seven years volunteered of Mashhad. After completing the consent ‎form, Bandar-Gestalt and MABC-2 tests were performed as criteria tests and motor-cognitive inventory designed ‎by researchers, which included 42 items. After three weeks, these tests were repeated and the data were analyzed by ‎Kendall correlation coefficient at the significant level of P≤0.05.‎

The motor-cognitive inventory showed the ability to evaluate the components before writing at a significant level ‎‎(P≤0.05). Also, there was a significant relationship between the results of the evaluation of the locomotor ‎components of the motor-cognitive inventory with the MABC-2 criterion test and the results of the evaluation of ‎the performance of the cognitive components of the motor-cognitive inventory with the Bandar-Gestalt criterion ‎test (P≤0.05).‎

According to the findings of the study and the level of significance between motor-cognitive inventory and tests of ‎criteria and components, it seems that to identify drawing and writing problems in preschool children can be used ‎from the motor -Cognitive Inventory.

The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of motor skills in preschool children based on the type of birth (normal - cesarean section)

The statistical population of this study was children aged 4-6 years old who were in education in preschools in Boroujerd city in 2017. To this end, 50 boys of this age were studied and evaluated. 25 children born to cesarean section and 25 natural born children of Borujerd city were selected through available sampling. The study was of causal-comparative type and a Bruninx-Oseretsky test was made in 1978 used to collect information from the research. Statistical analysis of multiple and one-way variance analysis was used to analyze the components of motor skill in children born in cesarean section and normal.

The results of multiple analysis of variance analysis showed that there was no significant difference in all the components of motor skill in experimental group (P = 0.735).

Post-birth and education factors seem to be responsible for motor development.Keywords: cesarean section, motor skills, normal, preschool children, type of birth.

The growth of all aspects of the child's existential origins arises. Environmental affordances are considered as a provocative factor to exploit opportunities and promote developmental change. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of play in two space, natural outdoor and indoor space on the social and perceptual development of preschool children. For this purpose, semi-experimental research design with pretest–posttest design and two homogeneous groups was used by convenient method. Statistical sample of research were 30 pre-school children aged 4/5-6/5 that 15 of them at the Natural School (natural outdoor space) and 15 in kindergarten (indoor space) registered. To measure social development, the Vineland Social Maturity Scale and to assess perceptual development, the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration was used. Results of mixed ANOVA showed that activity in outdoor and indoor, had a positive and significant effect on the social and perceptual development of children, but playing in nature had a greater effect on the social and perceptual development of children than indoor space. So that 84% of changes in social age and 88% of changes in their visual-motor Integration were due to outdoor activities. Therefore, the natural environment has a greater improvement in the social and perceptual development of children.

This study aimed at examining the effect of local games on motor development and aggressive behavior in preschool children. In a semi-experimental study, 40 children (6 years old) were selected randomly from preschools in Ahwaz city. Pretest was conducted using Ulrich Gross Motor Skills test and Aggression Scale. Based on their pretest scores, subjects were divided into two equal groups: local games and preschool common activities. Local games group participated in local games program for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week while the other group had their preschool common activities. Then, all subjects participated in a posttest. After ensuring normal data distribution using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, paired and independent t tests were used for intergroup and intra-group comparisons. Paired t test analysis showed the significant effect of both programs on motor development and reduction in aggression in preschool children. But intergroup comparison showed the advantage of local games over the preschool common activities (P=0.001). It is suggested that preschools should use local games to enhance motor development and to reduce aggressive behaviors in children.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of constant and variable practices on retention and transfer of the accuracy of overhand throwing. Thirty-six right-handed children (girls and boys) volunteered and divided into 3 groups: constant, blocked variable, and random variable, based on their pre-test grades. The constant group practiced overhand throwing with target has dimension of 60×60 cm, while the other groups practiced with targets having dimensions of 30×30, 60×60, and 90×90 cm. Participants performed 6 blocks of 6 acquisition trials in 2 days. The retention test was performed after 24 hours and the transfer test was performed 10 minutes after retention test by changing the target dimensions. Data were analyzed using factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tuckey's post hoc tests (α<0.05). There was no significant difference in retention test between the experimental groups, but in transfer test the random variable group performed better than the other groups (p=0.033). The result showed that the application of variable practices, especially those with random variable can effectively affect on transfer of the overhand throwing accuracy in children

as an individual limitation, visual disorder can cause a lack of adequate visual perception and affect on all aspects of child development. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a development appropriate program -based on Gallahue model- on locomotor movement skills in boys with low vision. The population has been consisted of all preschool boys with low vision in the course of preparation in Karaj city at 2013, 2014. Due to the low volume, using available sampling 30 children with low vision were selected. After ullrich2000 pretest, they were randomly classified in two groups of development appropriate program and daily routine activities. The first group participated for 8 weeks- 3 sessions in each week which each lasted 45 minutes- in special exercises of movement skills based on Gallahue model including pre-control, control, application, and efficiency. The second group performed their own daily activities in this period. the results of the covariance analysis (ANCOVA) showed that there is significant difference between the mean of subjects’ displacement scores in terms of group membership (P<0.01). The rate of this effect for the displacement skills development in development appropriate program group was 0.41. by increasing the levels of motivation and enjoyment of physical activity, the purposeful movements and specialized training related to basic skills develop children. This will lead to their participation in organized sports activities in the future.

Psychological and educational findings show that preschool years play a very important role in educating and developing children. One of the dimensions of development is motor development. The survey of motor performance with respect to anthropometric characteristic is of utmost importance. Thus, the aim of this study was to survey the relationship between dimensional anthropometric characteristic and motor performance and to determine the difference in motor performance in all preschool children from Shiraz city (157 boys and girls aged between 3 and 6). The method of this research was analytical descriptive. Demographic information form, (AC) recording sheet and motor performance test were used to collect data. One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and t test were used to analyze the data. The results showed significant differences between girls and boys in vertical jump (F=25.47, df=2, P≤0.000) and horizontal jump (F=14.15, df=2, P≤0.000). 5-year-old subjects were stronger in vertical jump and 4-year-old subjects in horizontal jump. Also, boys were better in vertical jump (t=1.70, df=155, P≤0.008) and ball throwing (t=1.98, df=155, P≥0.030). In investigation of the relationship between dimensional AC and motor performance, weight and length dimension showed the highest relationship. The results showed the gradual increment of muscular strength parallel with age. Gender difference observed in some variables necessitates more research. It is suggested that other samples and tools be used in anthropometric characteristics.