جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « sport competition » در نشریات گروه « تربیت بدنی »

Psychological stresses induced by competition, can cause immune system alternations, which predisposes the athletes to infectious diseases more than common exercises. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of official sports competition on leucocyte, and subsets counts, immunoglobulin A (IgA), G (IgG), and cortisol levels in male karatekas. Ten male karatekas (aged: 22.9±2.6 yr, height 176.4±8.3 cm, and body mass index 21.2±1.5 kg/m2), acceded to final competition of Ilam province, were selected. Blood samples were collected before, immediately and 2 hours after the competition to measure the number of leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophil’s counts and IgA, IgG and cortisol levels. The leucocyte (P=0.001), lymphocyte (P=0.001), and monocyte (P=0.003) counts were significantly increased immediately after the competition but returned to baseline 2h after the competition. Neutrophil and eosinophil counts did not change immediately and 2h after the competition (P>0.05). The serum levels of IgA (P=0.037) and IgG (P=0.04) were decreased significantly immediately after the competition and returned to baseline 2h after the competition. Also, the serum cortisol level was increased significantly immediately after the competition (P=0.0001) but decreased 2h later, compared to before (P=0.01) and immediately (P=0.001) after the competition results. Based on the findings of the present study, official competition can cause transient depression on humoral immunity in young male karatekas. It seems that 2h rest after the competition is sufficient for the recovery of leucocyte subset counts and immunoglobulin changing induced by competitions.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate participants’ behavior in predicting football competitions and marketing quality of the organizations offering this service.
The statistical population was 20000 participants involved in predicting competition in Rasht city out of which 380 samples were chosen randomly according to Morgan sampling table. The method of this research was descriptive - survey.
The results showed that the most majority of the participants were youth and adolescents whose aim of participation was just to entertain. There were significant differences between demographic characteristics (marital status, age, sexuality and education) and levels of behavior among participants. Moreover, from the marketing point of view, it was found that the majority of participants were loyal to these competitions, but the degree of loyalty changed based on external factors. Studying the marketing situation of the responsible organizations showed that all of the factors were used appropriately from participants’ perspective.
Participating in a recreational activity was the main reason for the majority of participants whose participation rate differs among them regarding to their demographic characteristics. Moreover, the Conversancy of the predicting company authorities in using the most effective marketing methods for attracting more customers is considerable. So it's necessary to plan suitably in order to fulfill youth recreational and entertainment needs and inform them about predicting and gambling harms through media to Acculturate valuable and useful activities.