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The purpose of this study was to present a model of improving jihadi management in Iranian sport with a mixed designs approach. The research method was a two-stage instrumental exploratory combination. In the qualitative section, 16 experts from the field of sport management (selected for identifying the model of jihadi management improvement in Iranian sport) were interviewed and interviewed. , Semi-structured interviews with focus groups (and study of documents). To evaluate the validity and reliability of the study, the evaluation method of Lincoln and Guba was used. Qualitative results showed that causal conditions, factors or incentives, and the process of improving jihadist management in Iranian sport are shown. In the quantitative part, the research method was descriptive-survey. The statistical population consisted of all senior managers of the country (n = 900) who were selected using simple random sampling based on Cochrane table (n = 300). The instrument used in the quantitative section was a researcher-made scale based on the qualitative section based on data base network theory. Formal validity and Cronbach's alpha were confirmed. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data. The results of Mackey's section showed that the respective t-values of each factor had a significant effect and the whole framework of Jihad management improvement model in Iranian sport was approved. The results also showed that the research model has a good fit.

The purpose of this study was model design of solutions to improve the level of wrestling in Kermanshah province from the point of view of the expert. The methodology was mixed (qualitative and quantitative). The Sample in the qualitative section was based on theoretical saturation and we chose 7 people. The population in the quantitative section was all Managers, Coaches, Elite wrestlers and Pioneers of wrestling in Kermanshah province(155 people). According to the hypotheses obtained from the qualitative section, The Sample in the quantitative section was Simple random sampling and we chose 110 people. Instruments of the study were researcher-made questionnaire obtained from the qualitative section The reliability of it was 0.76 using Cronbach's alpha and validity was confirmed by the use of formal validity based on the opinion of 10 sports management specialists.. For data analyze, we utilize to descriptive statistics (mean) and inferential statistics (exploratory factor analysis) by using SPSS Also, LISREL software was used to perform CFA analysis and test hypothesis testing. The results showed that Improvement strategies for Kermanshah province include advancement, management, championship, talent identification, financial, general, social, knowledge, strategy for athlete and coach and The fitting of the model was confirmed using the CFI, NFI, NNFI, IFI, PNFI, RMSEA and χ2 / df indices . Therefore, the officials of the Kermanshah Province wrestling should use of Improvement Solutions to overcome the obstacles and problems of this popular sports field.

The present study examined the effect of juvenile physical plays on shyness of female primary school students. Participants were 33 female students aged between 9 and 11 who were randomly divided into experimental (n=18) and control (n=15) groups. The experimental group participated in selected juvenile physical plays for 8 weeks، 2 sessions per week while the participants of the control group did not take part in any physical plays. Shyness of the participants was measured before and after the intervention. Children''s Shyness Questionnaire (CSQ) (Crozier، 1995) was used to measure shyness. t test was applied for data analysis. Results showed that juvenile physical plays significantly improved shyness of the experimental group (P˂0. 001) while no changes were observed in the shyness score of the control group. The findings suggested that officials of education should use juvenile physical plays as a proper intervention to improve shyness of elementary schools students

The aim of this study was to investigate those factors affecting the quality improvement of training of undergraduate physical education human resources with a job capabilities approach. Quality improvement factors included areas and environmental conditions, inputs, processes, outputs, outcomes and impacts with totally 20 sub-factors. The research method was descriptive, correlation and application in terms of aim which was conducted as a field study. Data were collected by interview and a researcher-made questionnaire. 350 questionnaires were sent to 400 faculty members of physical education and sports sciences faculties and independent groups of Iran state universities. To obtain more sample and better data, 243 questionnaires were selected for final analysis which belonged more to the suggested sample of Morgan table (217). Face and content validity of the questionnaire was evaluated according to the viewpoints of experts and professors as well as a review of the literature. The reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha (α=96.2). The results of multiple regression showed that entrepreneurship (beta ratio 0.360) had the largest contribution to enlightening the changes in job capabilities and then rules and regulations (0.215), monitoring and evaluation (0.208), cultural - sports activities (0.189), structure (- 0.172), practical training (0.153), theoretical training (0.144) and leadership (- 0.89) were placed. For one standard deviation increase in the independent variable of entrepreneurship, 0.360 standard deviations were created in the dependent variable of job capabilities. Finally, 8 remaining variables were able to explain 57% of the job capabilities changes and 43% were related to the variables which were not predicted in this study.