جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « gaze » در نشریات گروه « تربیت بدنی »

The goal of this study is to compare the effect of fatigue on decision-making and visual search behavior of novice and expert soccer players. Participants were 14 male novice soccer players (mean age= 22.5 years) and 14 experts (mean age= 27.4 years). Both groups watched films of 1 Vs. 1 attack situations. Then they announced their decision to move left, right, or shoot in two circumstances of not fatigue and fatigue. The results of t-test showed that there was no significant difference between the scores of decision making of both groups in pre-test and posttest. (P>0.05).The number and duration of fixation were evaluated by ANOVA. The results of the number of fixations showed that the main effect of skill level was significant (P<0.05), but the main effect of the test stages was not significant (P>0.05). Also, the interactive effect of skill level at the gaze points, skill interaction with the test stages, interaction between the gaze areas with the test stages and interaction between the level of skill in the gaze areas of the test stages were not significant (P>0.05). The results of fixation time showed that the main effect of skill level and test stages was not significant (P>0.05). The interactive effect of skill level in the test stages and interaction of skill level, gaze points in the test stages were significant (P<0.05). It is suggested that players to be trained to pay attention to critical points of opponents body in fatigue situations.

The effect of pressure condition on sport performance has always been one of the major issues of research and Anxiety’s influence on performance and its underlining mechanisms continues to be one of the main research interests for sport psychologists. The purpose of current study was to examine the effect of state-competitive anxiety on anticipation accuracy and gaze indicators of football goalkeeper with two levels of skill. Two groups of 10 Expert and novice goalkeepers were required to anticipate penalty kicks presented on temporally occluded video in two counterbalanced experimental conditions. During anticipation, gaze behaviors (duration and number of fixations) were recorded using Pupil binocular mobile eye tracker. Gaze information were extracted using add-ons of pupil player software and then anticipation accuracy and gaze data analyzed using Mixed ANOVA and paired t test. Increased anxiety led to decreased processing efficiency (increased number of fixations and decreased duration of fixations) for both skill level groups whereas Anxiety influenced performance efficiency (decreased the accuracy of anticipation) just in novice group, and had no effects on performance in expert goalkeepers. Generally, effects of anxiety in expert group is a support for ACT prediction and showed that anxiety decreased processing efficiency and no effects on performance efficiency. In novice group, Further future research needs to have clear insight

Successful anticipation is a key factor for success in saving soccer penalty kick for goalkeepers and introducing optimal interventions to enhance this ability can be useful for improving the level of performance. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of quiet eye training on anticipation of penalty kick by expert goalkeepers and their gaze behaviors during this anticipation. Participants were 20 expert goalkeepers working in Tehran pro league matches who were randomly assigned to training and placebo groups and passed tests and training interventions. Gaze data were registered using Pupil eye tracker and penalty kick anticipation was recorded using temporal occlusion paradigm. 30 videos of real penalty kicks by expert soccer players were recorded and ball-foot contact moments were occluded so that goalkeepers could anticipate the direction of ball kicking in those videos. Results of 2*4 mixed ANOVA showed that despite of homogeneity of training and placebo groups in pretest (P>0.05), training group had advantage in other phases and this advantage was maintained under pressure (P<0.05). The training enhanced successful anticipation and changed gaze behaviors proportional to successful anticipation and these changes were sustained during 72 hours of retention and transfer test under pressure. Training interventions based on quiet eye can be used as a training package along with physical training and skills of soccer goalkeepers and therefore help them to improve perceptual capabilities and to optimally use visual signs.

The mechanisms involved in expertise in the last decade have received a great deal of attention of researchers. They try to understand how performers are able to deal with complex tasks and overcome limitations to become highly skilled. The aim of this study was to compare gaze behaviors and decision making skill among skilled (n=12) and novice (n=12) football players. 24 male football players (age range: 19-25 years old) took part in the study and were divided into two groups of experts and novices. Participants watched images of different situations and provided their prediction of the desired kicks by choosing the right key in the shortest time possible. The number and duration of fixations and the accuracy and speed of decision making were recorded using Eye Tracking and Reaction Time device. The results of ANOVA on decision making skill showed a significant difference between the two groups in their decision making speed and accuracy, but the results of the gaze behaviors showed no significant difference in the number and duration of fixations between the two groups. These results showed that expert players are able to select the appropriate signs of the screen based on a considerable amount of perception. In addition, the results of this study showed that expert players show higher perception of vision and better decision making than novice players.