جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "آتش" در نشریات گروه "جغرافیا"

Wildfires are one of the critical environmental issues that cause financial and human losses. This harmful phenomenon endangers the lives of humans and creatures and is one of the factors of global warming. Its quick detection is a key element in controlling such a phenomenon. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the trend of active vegetation fire spots and its relationship with climatic variables using satellite data in Mazandaran province. So, while checking the efficiency of remote sensing data, practical measures can be taken to control and monitor this destructive phenomenon in a precise location and time. Therefore, in this research, meteorological data with daily scale, Brightness temperature 31 (BRIGHT_T31), and Fire Radiative Power (FRP) of MODIS sensors were used in the period from 2001 to 2022. The results showed that the most occurrences of vegetation fires were in the east of Mazandaran in the altitude classes of 0-500 meters and the lowest frequency was related to the altitude classes of 2500-5600 meters. Most of the vegetation fire incidents occurred in the hot and dry months of the year in the eastern strip of Mazandaran. The Petit homogeneity test was used to check the change point of fire. The results of the Petit homogeneity test presented the trend change point in an upward direction in July 2011 for the BRIGHT_T31 profile at the 95% confidence level. Spearman's non-parametric test was used to investigate the correlation between climatic parameters and the number of fires. Correlation results showed a significant relationship between climate parameters with a daily scale (Temperature, Precipitation, Relative Humidity, Sunshine Hours) and FRP and BRIGHT_T31 profiles at the 90% confidence level. So, temperature has been the most effective meteorological component of forest fires. As a result, fire events are strongly related to weather conditions.

Wildfire as a natural hazard is a major problem for forest and rangeland ecosystems of the world. In the Semi-Steppe Rangelands of Ardabil Province, severe wildfires can account for the adverse impacts on the ecosystems. These fires are the result of the combination of weather conditions, dry fuels, and topography effects. The Ghasre Dagh Yeylagh fire is an example of a severe wildfire that occurred with extreme environmental conditions, which was ignited on August 16, 2015, in the Meshgin Shahr municipality. In this study, weather conditions, fuels, and topography factors that strongly affected the fire will be accurately analyzed. The fire spread and behavior data including the observed final fire perimeter and fire arrival to the northern border of the fire perimeter (firefighting point) collected during the event will be also compared with the results of fire simulation obtained by FARSITE model. The average simulation accuracy for the burned area, as measured by the Sorensen coefficient and Cohen Kappa Coefficient was 0.84. Simulation overestimation of flanking fire spread areas was expected and observed, since suppression activities that contained the fire spread were not considered in the model, due to the lake of this information. The main goal of this paper is to thoroughly study the behavior of a recent fire, to learn from it, and lessen the potential mistakes or hazardous fire-fighting operations in similar environmental conditions. Furthermore, a crucial point is to teach the fire crews not to be threatened by severe or abrupt fire behavior under extreme environmental conditions.