جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "الگوی سفر" در نشریات گروه "جغرافیا"

Many experts and regional planners believe that multicenter development can create a balance between growth, dispersion, and compression, and while protecting land, reduce greenhouse gas emissions by reducing motor vehicle trips. Based on this, this article seeks to strengthen the decision makers' understanding of its application by examining the relationship between polycentricity or monocentricity in 31 country provinces, the travel pattern and scattered behaviour. Thus, the logic of the current research is comparative and based on descriptive and correlational methods. First, using two criteria of city size distribution and spatial distribution of centres, the degree of polycentricity of the country's provinces was determined. Then, using Pearson's correlation, the relationship between the spatial structure indicators and topographically dispersed variables and travel patterns at the level of the country's provinces was investigated. The results show that more polycentric provinces generate more trips per person (personal and public). Also, there is a positive and significant link (0.825) between the spatial distribution of cities, the degree of polycentricity of provinces and energy consumption caused by transportation. Although, at first glance, the increase in the share of trips by private car can appear as a threat in multi-centred areas, but according to the travel demand, it can be an economic justification for strengthening public transportation and an opportunity to reduce pollution, especially in multi-centred metropolitan areas. In addition, there is an inverse relationship between the size distribution of cities, and the number and area of building permits (respectively, -0.37 and -0.36), which can indicate the weakening of economic incentives for urban sprawl. Finally, it seems that the polycentric-intensive model can be a more suitable structure for sustainable development.

The change in the composition of the household consumption basket is one of the effects of decreased purchasing power. Tourism sector is one of the sectors that will be most affected by this change. But the different nature of the “tourism product” from other economic goods, as well as regional differences in the type of tourist spending, overshadows how household spending in the tourism sector is affected. This study aimed to investigate the change in household behavior in tourism expenditures that are affected by various factors such as changes in household purchasing power, and for this purpose has used the spatial data panel model during the period 2011-2019 for 31 provinces of Iran. The results has shown that household purchasing power has a negative effect on the share of household tourism expenditures. Results also examining the effects of some of the most important variables of household budget, it can be analyzed that the change in household purchasing power does not directly reduce the number of trips or the tourists’ length of stay, but it affects the type of travel and the change in the household travel pattern. It also leads to changes in choice of destinations.

Today, many researchers talking about relying on private vehicle to carry out intra-city trips as one of the main challenges facing the country's urban system. This way of traveling in cities has caused to be reduced the quality of urban environments day by day. And in the end, cities face with a lot of problems, such as increasing living costs, air pollution, increasing accidents, increasing fossil fuel consumption, and, in a word of decline, living conditions degradation and, consequently, a decline in quality of life.The choice of private vehicle as a means of intra-city trips itself is influenced by various factors such as (economic, physical, cultural factors).One of the physical factor of this article is how to locate land use in the transit network that has been investigated in this research. Due to studies in this area, it is possible to estimate the possible effects of land use deployment on the choice of means of citizen's travel.It will be clear that how to distribute the land use, if necessary, to reduce the car dependency and promote green travel practices such as walking, cycling and using of public transport. Therefore, the district Seven of Qom metropolis has been studied.The research process is descriptive-analytic, and library studies have been carried out using snippets and field studies using traffic impressions. Data analysis was done by using the GIS geographical system software and the depth map. The findings of the research showed a significant correlation between spatial alignment indicators, the degree of user focus and the speed of car-based trips.The findings of the research showed a significant correlation between spatial syntax indicators, the degree of land use focus and the frequency of car-based trips.Accordingly, it is necessary during the studies of the Comprehensive Transport and Traffic Master Plan and the Comprehensive Plan as the main documents of the urban development management to pay special attention to explaining the impact of the factors related to land use on the selection of the means of travel from the point of view of space syntax.

Introduction Despite the many tourist attractions of Shiraz, the city lacks efficient transportation facilities for foreign tourists in order to easeing their movement through the urban area or outside destinations. It is required to discover efficient transport modes which comply with the tastes and demands of tourists. Also it is important to understand the factors affecting the modal choice. This study investigates the movement patterns of foreign tourists and the factors influencing their modal choice. The purpose of this study is to identify the overall image of behavioral patterns of foreign tourists in order to an efficient planning for tourism in the city of Shiraz. 2- Methodology This cross-sectional study is based on a field study. The required information was collected through the questionnaire filled by tourists who visited the city landmarks, including the tomb of Saadi, Hafez mausoleum, Vakil Bazaar, etc. A sample of 100 is taken. The behavior of tourists in selecting a mode is taken as the dependent variable. The independent variables include the type of trip, how to access tourist attractions, quality of roads and vehicles, security, safety, punctuality, number of partners, distance, hotel quality (star), familiarity with the Persian language and travel expense. Two analytical methods were applied: a) the descriptive analysis of the general characteristics of tourists; b) statistical analysis including multi-nominal logistic regression, Chi-square test, and Cramer's coefficient. Therefore both casual and correlation analyses are applied to investigate the relationships between dependent and independent variables. 3– Discussion Based on the sampling carried out, 60 percent of these people have traveled by plane to Shiraz and 28 percent were via bus to the city, while about 10 percent by car (car rental) and 2 percent have traveled by train to Shiraz. According to the survey result, most of the tourists were satisfied with the security, safety and attitude, and least satisfied with the quality of vehicles, roads and punctuality. The correlation test results indicate that the choice of travel was associated with a number of factors such as the type of journey, how access to tourist attractions, quality roads, security, safety, punctuality, number of partners, distance, hotel quality, familiarity with the Persian language and travel costs. Also the number of partners showed to be an important factor. In fact, those who travel alone, have more freedom in choosing a mode. The hotel features which is reflected in its number of stars also played an important role in the choice of travel by tourists. High quality hotels offered more movment facilities including rentl cars or vans available for guests. The majority of trips made by car were though the rental cars which are offered by hosting hotels. Furthermore, proficiency in Persian had been a signifact factor in choosing a travel mode by tourists. In fact, since most tourists were not familiar with the Persian language, they preferred rent a car or tour bus which had the driver as a tour leader. Punctuality or predictablity in travel time and waiting time had a significant relationship with the choice of vehicle. According to tourists’ opinion, punctuality and timely movement of vehicles and less waiting time help tourists to have a better visiting plan and to speed up the process of their journey. 4– Conclusion In this study, the general travel behaviour of 100 tourists in Shiraz was studied. The survey showed that the majority of tourists arrived to this city by plane. The correlation between modal choice and a number of variables such as the type of journey, how access to tourist attractions, road quality, vehicle quality, safety, security, punctuality, number of partners, travel distance, hotel quality, familarity with Persian language, and the cost of travel was studied. The results of this study can be used to make policy recommendations in hope of reducing negative aspects of hospititality. Some of recomondations include: creating a network of semi-public transport for tourists which is independent from the current public transport network; providing more options for tourism travel; increasing the quality of current vehicles and improving the percieved security in urban areas for encouraging tourists to walk around. According to feel and experience of tourists in car use (taxi, rental cars), it is necessary for tourist taxis that serve specific routes to provide sufficient facilities. It is necessary to taxi drivers to be mastered at least one foreign language, learn how to deal with the tourists and obey timetables. Also by the creation of bicycle paths in touristic areas the use of cars can be reduced. Moreover, with increasing legibility of urban areas and sufficient lightening, the readability of city for tourists will be improved.