جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "تصویر سنتینل-2" در نشریات گروه "جغرافیا"

Landslide is one of the natural hazards in which monitoring the displacements and changes requires the use of special techniques due to its slow, continuous and gradual movements. In this regard, the PSI technique with extensive terrestrial coverage as well as high temporal and spatial resolution, is one of the most accurate and low-cost remote sensing techniques to identify and display displacements. Since the village of Mashayekh in the city of Mamasani in Fars has been facing the problem of landslides for several years, and this phenomenon has caused the gradual destruction of the houses and farms of the villagers, so, this research tries to evaluate and monitor the displacement of the landslide mass using the mentioned technique. For this purpose, 75 radar images of Sentinel 1 were selected during 3 periods from 2014 to 2019 and were processed by PSI method. Based on the obtained results, the maximum displacement rate at the landslide mass from October 2, 2014 to May 31, 2016 at the rate of 1.5 cm per year, during the period of July 18, 2016 to December 28, 2017 at the rate of 5.3 cm per year. And during the period from January 9, 2018 to July 27, 2019, it has reached 5.7 centimeters per year. In addition, the area of landslide mass has been expanded from 3.5 Km2 to 4 Km2. The results of the research indicate a continuous and progressive displacement in this mass in the study area.

Given the importance of surface water for drinking, agriculture, and industry, the protection of these resources against pollution is of great importance for national and regional health.
The integration of satellite imagery to produce data with a higher information level is called image fusion. Fusion methods are generally divided into three categories: pixel-based methods, feature-based methods, and decision-based methods.The main objective of this research is to optimize seasonal zoning of the water quality indices of Karoun River based on two indices of NSFWQI (National Health Foundation Water Quality Index) and IRWQIsc (Iran Surface Water Quality Index for Conventional Pollutants) and therefore, the fusion of Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 images will be evaluated. It is noteworthy that based on our knowledge the evaluation of image fusion methods in the field of qualitative indices zoning has not been conducted yet.

Measured Quality Parameters Seven sampling stations were selected for seasonal measurement of water quality parameters along a part of the Karoun River in 2018. The measured qualitative parameters included chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, fecal coliform, PH, nitrate, phosphate, total hardness, and turbidity.
 NSFWQI NSFWQI was introduced by the US National Health Organization in 1970. In this index, several questionnaires were filled out by experts in the United States, which are the basis for adjusting this index. Based on the answers, a curve was plotted for each parameter to determine the sub-indices of each parameter.
 IRWQIscTo evaluate the quality of rivers and compare their pollution rates in Iran concerning natural conditions and water resources problems, an index (IRWQIsc) was introduced to provide a good perspective about the quality status of water resources in Iran.
 Utilized satellite imageries Four pairs of geometrically and atmospherically corrected Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 images were used to seasonally map the water quality indices in the Karoun River.

Calculation of NSFWQI quality index and its seasonal zoning Using the measured field qualitative parameters and equation, the NSFWQI parameter value was calculated. Next, by calculating the CR value between the input images and this index, optimal regression models based on the maximum CR values were developed to seasonally map the entire region.

Calculating the IRWQIsc and its seasonal zoning: Based on the measured qualitative field parameters, the value of the IRWQIsc index was calculated. Next, by calculating the CR value between the input images and this index, optimal regression models based on the maximum CR values were developed to seasonally map the entire region.

Comparison of the output maps of NSFWQI and IRWQIsc indices showed that Karoun River's quality status is inappropriate during most of the year and in most areas and it is best to use it with water treatment. According to the NSFWQI index in the NSFWQI2 map of the spring, the qualitative status of the study area changes from bad to moderate and to bad again considering north to south direction. In the summer NSFWQI2 map, the quality of the Karoun River changes from bad to moderate. In the autumn, based on the NSFWQI1 map, the qualitative status changes from bad to medium and again to bad. The qualitative status of the river in the winter shows moderate status. A survey of the qualitative status of the study area based on the IRWQIsc index also shows that in the spring, the river status changes from bad to relatively bad and again to bad. The qualitative change of the region in summer based on the IRWQI2 map changes from bad and relatively bad to relatively good and finally to relatively bad. In the autumn, the IRWQI1 map shows the change from bad to relatively bad and again to bad. In winter, according to the IRWQI2 map, the quality of the Karoun River changes from relatively good to relatively bad.