جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "توانمند سازی" در نشریات گروه "جغرافیا"

Investigating the relationship between empowerment and improving the quality of life of marginalized citizens in Hemmatabad neighborhood of IsfahanABSTRACTIn recent decades, the development of urbanization has brought with it problems that marginalization has been one of these social issues. The main problem among marginalized people is their low quality of life, which is why urban theorists believe that empowering local residents in urban suburbs can improve their quality of life. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between empowerment and improving the quality of life of citizens in Hemmatabad neighborhood of Isfahan. Fitterman's theory has been used to achieve the research objectives. The present study is based on a quantitative approach of a survey strategy (descriptive-correlation). The statistical population was 15,488 citizens of Hemmatabad neighborhood, of which 371 samples were examined using the Cochran's formula. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire, the validity of which was formalized and its reliability through Cronbach's alpha - quality of life (0.90), sense of competence (0.90), sense of effectiveness (0.72), significance (86). / 0), the right to self-determination (0.70) - has been obtained. Also, Spss24 software was used to analyze the research data and descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the findings. Findings showed that the quality of life of residents of Hemmatabad neighborhood was lower than the average. The results of the research hypotheses indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between empowerment and quality of life (0.68), also a significant difference was observed between education, income and quality of life. The results obtained from the regression model of the study showed that the empowerment variable with beta β = 64 was able to explain 38% of the variance of the quality-of-life variable.key wordsEmpowerment, quality of life, education, income, Hemmatabad

One of the important issues of urban poverty; It is marginal. The intensity of development of suburban areas is due to the migration of villagers to cities, migration from small towns to large cities, as well as poverty, unemployment, cheap property, cheap rents and cheap land in suburban areas. Other neighborhoods have led to low-income families and young couples choosing to live in these areas. Suburban areas should not be left alone, as the release of these areas will lead to the spread of damage to other areas and urban areas. Given the expansion of marginalization, the government alone can not play a role in improving the informal contexts and organizing and assessing their needs. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and its method is descriptive-analytical. Data were collected through a library method consisting of articles, books and documents. The results show that components such as the formation of a strong and effective civil society, promotion of social capital in society and citizen participation in the process of public policy-making (marginalization empowerment) are the most important factors in empowering marginalized residents.

The indicators of the state of water resources and consumption in the agricultural sector indicate the imbalance between supply and demand for water. Through empowerment, Villagers gain more control over their activities and with high power, control over water resources, capacity building and active participation; they are able to properly guide their activities. The present study was conducted to study the position of villager’s empowerment in water resources management and identifying effective indicators in empowerment for sustainable water resources management and grouping of Pakdasht countryside based on water management capability indicators. The statistical population of the study is the villagers of Pakdasht Township. The sample size was 381 and distributed randomly. Data were collected BY using a questionnaire. The result of the review of the average rank of variables showed that the mean of all rankings is higher than the average, which indicates the desired status of research indicators among respondents. The results of one sample t-test also confirmed the mean of the variables. In order to rank components, the coefficient of variation was used that index of decrease of immigration ranked first and production efficiency increase in on farms, gardens and greenhouses ranked the last. In order to group the effect of empowerment on the indices, the fracture technique was used by using coefficient of variation were used and finally, villages were grouped according to the degree of homogeneity in water resource management via cluster analysis.

According to development experts, disregarding the empowerment and participation of villagers will create many challenges in the process of rural development. However, in many countries villagers’ participation has been neglected for various reasons. This study aimed to determine the role of facilitators to villagers’ participation in the process of development. In this descriptive- analytical study, 291 households from 18 rural settlements in Tarom area were selected by random sampling method. Indicators used to measure the level of development consisted of 111 indicators in four criteria including environmental, social, economic, and physical as dependent components. In addition, 76 indicators in six criteria including educating and informing, knowledge and information, socio-cultural, economic, physical, policymaking and decision-making, based on the characteristics of the study area, were measured as independent components. The findings showed that all six indicators of villagers’ empowerment and participation had a positive effect, but not properly, on the improvement of rural development. So, it is suggested to improve the villagers’ empowerment in order to their broader participation by improving the facilitators to villagers’ empowerment and participation such as educating and informing, knowledge and skills, and their involvement in decision-making and participation in social and economic activities.

With the increasing development of global governance in the last century, organizations of various sizes to offer a host of educational and social services in urban areas pay. One example of these organizations , faith-based organizations that are recognized as organizations. These types of organizations that are active based on faith Already has millions of members worldwide and because of his faith in the efficacy of additional capacity compared to other organizations. And because of his faith in the efficacyof additional capacity compared to other organizations. On the other hand, due to the inner motivations and their faith in a double capacity to implement such policies in line Empower and reduce poverty in urban neighborhoods . The study of area is mainly in the neighborhoods of Tehran, with a population of 439,467 people constitute a Among them 10 neighborhood organizations, faith-based, with 255 sample through questionnaires, interviews and observation using SPSS software have been assessed. Most important The results of the study are as follows: 1. Faith-based organizations in selected neighborhoods in the city of Tehran is to strengthen the sustainable development community
2. empower organizations to strengthen and reduce problems caused by poor urban neighborhoods have the most important function directly
3. These organizations to provide social services, education, particularly basic needs of the residents are also involved
faith-based organizations are a kind of social capital The management and sustainable development in the region, a neighborhood in Tehran Important role in providing a variety of social and economic services to their residents This position reduces the problems of poverty in the region .

Marginalization or informal settlements in present terms, the result of rapid urbanization and industrialization, and the urbanization transition to the socio-economic paradigm, the paradigm is the dominant socio-economic and parallel transmission. This phenomenon continues to spread in recent decades with the advent of the information society and if there is no obligation to survive and reproduce. Since the 1980s, empowerment strategies and reform the World Bank initiative to organize informal settlements, people living in these settlements as a problem, but as an asset looks and improve their socio-economic role of facilitator lead the government they have their commitment and empowerment to replace the culture of entitlement and the culture of poverty. The methodology of this study, "analytical", which has been collecting data based on field studies; therefore, the application of strategic analysis, SWOT, TOP empowerment strategies and crisis management in the communities in informal settlements presented Eslamshahr Is. And also can be said with integrated management and efficient with careful planning in the neighborhoods, to prevent it and the consequences of its destructive somewhat reduced. At the end of the research priorities for action and proposed solutions from the municipal administration, and how to take advantage of popular groups and NGOs, organizing and empowering communities in informal settlements presented. The results show the user the current status of residential neighborhoods to improve informal settlements in the city Eslamshahr in relation to reducing the damage caused by the earthquake, And other crises, implementation of the modernization, improvement and empowerment in older tissues, Monitoring bodies active in the construction of urban and raising awareness of residents in the use of durable materials, the most important strategies, which are the top priorities for action.

The problems of unofficial settlements in urban areas are one of the characteristics in developing countries. According to the official data and information this problem is growing rapidly more than ever. For the solution and regularity management of this problem it is needed a special devices and planning. This paper is an investigation about impacts of regularity management and planning of urbanism in the unofficial settlement wards in Khorramabad. The results shows that only consider to one dimensions of this problem are not sufficient for solution of this problem. Slum areas in urban areas demonstrate national poverty in the region. Basically inefficient spatial planning in Iran is clearly reflected in the problems of an unofficial settlement in Khorramabad that، in this case the role and effects of urban management was ignored and less attention has paid to it. In order To minimize the problem in this city، the best solution، if it is to be effective، is to prioritize the regeneration policy on the spot، as the an emphasis on a strategy which can help the people living in these areas improve capabilities

Marginalization or as today interpretation informal settlement is the outcome of rapid urbanization and transition to socio – economic paradigm of industrialization while urbanization is the prominent spatial form and parallel with socio – economical aspec of this paradigm. In the past decades from the beginning of information society this phenomenon is so developed as if there is a commitment to its eternity and reproduction. In the past decades along with doing programs and plans of functionalistic and linear socio – economic development, with liberalist sight, everybody expected to resolve problems through hidden hand of market and laissez fair and in this periods specially in 1950 and 1960 decades damage strategy or transition to public house was considered. With critique of this strategy in the late 1960 and early 1970 decade the strategy of site and service was uttered by some bodies such as Terner by neglecting local community subjects such as social and physical capital of settlers this plan also failed and caused the colony transition of poverty and marginalization. Theoretical bases: From the 1980 decade through the agency of world bank for the purpose of regularization of informal settlements sees people settled in this settlements not as a problem but as asset and upgrading of their socio – economic situation has become their own lesponsibbility while the government makes it easier for them so that empowerment replaces the entitlement and poverty culture. Mashhad has a special characteristic between the world and Irans cities. This characteristic has made it as the first religious metropolitan in the world. It is the largest city in east of the country with the highest population rate and highest ratio of Iran tourism in all of the country. Mashhad with a population of 2.427 million in 2006 has been the largest metropolitan of the country after Tehran. This city during 1976 to 2006 has the highest rate of population growth between countries metropolitan after Karaj while the great share of this growth has restricted to its margin. That has 200 km2 spaces; it has six hundred and fifty thousand populations in seven city quarter and two hundred and thirteen villages. Golshahr, placed on east north of Mashhad with 34650, population (2006) which were matly Afghans is one of this marginalization quarter of the city. Although it is placed inside the comprehensive plan from 1993, its socio- economic and physical indices are not in a good condition. Using of SWOT method this article analyzed the capabilities of empowerment strategy in regularization of the mentioned area. It has analyzed the strengths and weakness as well as treats and opportunities of structural factors in physical, cultural- social, economical and bioenvironmental dimensions. The results show indicative that this strategy with emphasis on potentials and cababilities of settlers acts better than the other strategies especially in protectivy human dignity. Suggestions: Article’s suggestions are demonstrated at two levels as physical empowerment of informal settlements and socio – economic empowerment.

This article studying informal habitation and formation of informal settlements inAzadshahr City (Gholam Tape Bazi district). After studying the necessary variantscontained in the questionnaires completed by 187 heads of family residing in informalsettlements of Gholam Tape district. It is argued that the cause of this problematicphenomenon is uncontrolled immigration on one side, and financial problems, absenceof unified and coordinated management in solving financial problems and also theabsence of unified and coordinated management of immigration and settlement issueson the other side. Data analysis carried out by factor analysis method and the use of"SPSS" software load the social and economic indicators as the first and secondpriorities, hygienic - environmental and anatomical – physical indicators as the thirdand the fourth priorities, servicing and managerial indicators as the fifth and sixthpriorities for Improvement and Organization of Gholam Tape Bazi district. At theend, proportionate to the research finding, appropriate strategies are proposed.

Informal settling is one of the phenomena that have been created because of financial and social problems in the rapid growth of the cities and migration of rural settlers to cities mostly in the third world countries. Informal settling, as a result has turned to be not a local, but a national issue, and the related policies should work in a national level. This article has studied the theoretical approach of the issue and the formation of informal settling in Iran, and the town of Tohid in Bandar Abbas. It then suggests the ways and proposals for treating the issue. The research method is descriptive analytic and its findings are:1- The adjustment of informal settling needs national related policies.2- The settling of the issue in each region and area needs local policies and priorities that have been experienced in many regions.3- The rate of success of the above mentioned policies needs the support of the government and urban management.