جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "محلات فرسوده" در نشریات گروه "جغرافیا"

Since ancient neighborhoods are a symbol of the cultural and historical identity of cities and their destruction and destruction are at the root of the inhabitants' identity, there is a need to address these contexts and recreate them. Of course, the issue of worn-out and inefficient urban neighborhoods and recreation of these neighborhoods is a complex and multidimensional issue, so any issues related to recreational urban texture regeneration should be evaluated in a multidimensional way and a combination of different factors. In this study, systematically and systematically, the key proponents of effective regeneration of worn-out neighborhoods of District 12 of Tehran metropolis have been systematically identified and analyzed. In this study, first, 40 environmental factors were extracted in six different political, economic, socio-cultural, legal, managerial, and physical fields using environmental and Delphi techniques, and then using the Delphi method of managers, the cross-effects matrix of the components Is formed. In the next step, matrix analysis was performed through Miccom software. The results of scattering of variables in the influence axis and factor influencing in the Mickemak software indicate the instability of the system in recreating the study area and accordingly five variables were identified. Finally, given the high score of direct and indirect influence of the factors, ten key factors were identified as key drivers in the future recreation of the area. Among the factors considered, socio-cultural variables had the greatest impact on recreation of the study area and political factors had the least influence.

Always crises, natural and unnatural disasters have threatened the urban life and have led to cities destruction. But many cities shortly after these crises have been able to return to their ordinary life. This return can be called as resistance. Increasing in resistance of the cities against the natural disasters, especially earthquake is effective in reduction of losses and also in the recovery period of the societies. The plan makers and administers the cities, as the most important entities involved in designing the cities, have a key role in increasing the resistance of urban communities against earthquake. Physical resistance is one of the effective aspects of resistance of societies, through which the physical and geographical characteristics of the cities in disasters can be evaluated. This study is a practical, descriptive and analytic study and aims to identify the indicators and factors affecting physical resistance and to quantify and compare the physical resistance sub-criteria in old areas of Bushehr. The population of this study is the residents in old areas of Shanbadi, Aliabad, Mahkboland, and etc. 381 questionnaires consist of general and specific questions, using Liker scale, were handed out among the residents of these areas. The reliability, using Cranach’s alpha, was evaluated for analysis of physical resistance in old areas, ANOVA and T-test have been applied to divide the areas according to physical indicators. In order to obtain the required map in these areas, GIS software was used. Finally, physical resistance indicators (e. g. access, quality of buildings, the access before the earthquake, infrastructural resistance, earthquake, resistance) using multi comparison T-test were studied. The results show that the neighborhoods in these areas are different in terms of their physical resistance indicators.

Introduction Communities around the world are increasingly affected by disasters caused by natural hazards, conflicts and humanitarian emergencies or man created disasters. These disasters often happen in unexpected forms, intensity and places which, in practice, makes any prevention impossible. Many people around the world lose their life because of the natural disasters, while the survivors will remember these bitter experiences. In this sense, our country is among the ten vulnerable countries in the world. During the past 90 years, 12,000 people in the country have lost their lives as a result of disasters and the highest number of casualties (76 percent) has been caused by earthquake. The old areas of the city are vulnerable places. On the one hand, in terms of environmental hazards, specially earthquake, and functional, environmental, social and economic abnormalities on the other hand; and requires detailed, comprehensive, informed and planned intervention to organize them.Increasing the Resilience of cities against natural disasters, especially earthquake, is effective in reducing losses and in the recovery period of the communities. Physical Resilience is one of the influencing factors in the resilience of communities, through which influencing physical and geographical features of societies can be evaluated during disasters. Bushehr is a seismic area, because it is located in the Zagros region, on the edge of Zagros; and also Zagros fault passes Bushehr and it is near to Borazjan. There are some faults which are active and sometimes cause damage. There are some areas in the old regions of Bushehr with high vulnerability against natural disasters (particularly earthquake) which lead to increased vulnerability of their residents when catastrophe occurs. Low quality of the buildings leads to little Resilience against natural disasters, which increases the vulnerability of these areas. In fact this question is posed: how are the physical sub-criteria in old areas of Bushehr? As the old areas of Bushehr are vulnerable, Resilience is a factor in risk reduction and enhancing capacity in these areas. This study aims to identify effective factors in physical Resilience, and to quantify and compare physical sub-criteria in Resilience factor in the old areas of Bushehr.
Material and Methods This study is a descriptive-analytic one and its data collection tool was a questionnaire. Here, first the conception of Resilience according to the library studies (articles and books) and then physical indicators are introduced. The characteristics of this study are: availability, Resilience, quality of the buildings, and outdoor areas. Cochran formula was used to determine the sample size. 381 questionnaires, consisting of general and specific Likert-scale questions, were handed out among the residents of these areas. The reliability was calculated by Cronbach’s alpha and it was .81 which is high. To analyze the information related to resiliency of old areas, structural equation modeling and statistical analysis methods were used. They were calculated by AMOS software. To get the required map, GIS software was applied.
The Scope of the Study Bushehr is in the south of Iran. Its neighboring provinces on the north are Khozestan and parts of Kuhgiloye & Buierahmad. It is a coastal city on the north and east of the Persian Gulf, and its eastern neighboring province is Fars. It has a 625 kilometer water border with the Persian Gulf. Its population in 1390 census was over 195,222 (General census of population and housing, 1390). The total area in legal lands is 8289 hectares, 1880 hectares of which is urban area. The rest of the land is for metropolis applications (City planning consulting engineers, 1383). Bushehr is about 25359 square kilometers which contains 5.1 percent of the country and is the seventeenth big province in our country. Its population includes people in old areas of Dehdashti, Kutis, Behbahanis, Shanbadi and old neighborhoods of Aliabad, and Jafari. In addition to local residents in the old areas, there are also Afghan refugees.
Results and Discussion To examine the hypothesis, the status of physical Resilience in old areas of Bushehr was investigated based on the results of structural equation modeling analysis. Regression analysis of most physical indicators showed a fairly appropriate significant level and also the ratio of critical point and standard error were low. It was shown that the quality of buildings had the most significant effect on physical Resilience against earthquake, among other physical indicators of old areas in Bushehr. According to the results, infrastructure Resilience indicator had the strongest effect on physical Resilience (75 percent). Therefore, the above mentioned hypothesis was rejected.
Conclusion Physical Resilience is one of the effective factors in the resilience of societies, through which the status of the societies in physical and geographical aspects can be evaluated during disasters. The method used in this study was descriptive analytic approach; therefore, library studies and field surveys were utilized. The population of this study was residents of old areas in Bushehr. 381 questionnaires were handed out in these areas and the variables were analyzed through SPSS and AMOS software. The required maps were obtained through GIS software. It was hypothesized that among the physical indicators of old areas in Bushehr, the quality of buildings has the greatest effect on physical Resilience against earthquake. However, the results showed that infrastructure Resilience indicator had the greatest effect (75 percent). The results showed that the status of the Resilience in old areas of Bushehr is not good in terms of physical indicators.
To increase the Resilience in these old areas, the following points are recommended: Identifying the scope and intensity of inherent challenges which make our city vulnerable to natural disasters Identifying a set of small pieces of lands in old areas in order to make parks, to increase the access to open areas Identifying some big parks in the city in order to create central rescue stations and to equip them Widening the narrow pathways to prevent increasing urban density along the narrow pathways Applying rules for retrofitting old buildings and increasing the safety of new buildings

One of the factors affecting crime rates and social damage, and location of the tumor mass. Crime and social deviance is unique in space and time Which makes culpability in the same place, Spatial distribution is not uniform. The main purpose of this study to identify factors influencing the formation of social ills is worn in places. The aim of the present study, applied and the type of documents is athletics.Surrey old neighborhoods in three cities selected as the study area for this study, In this study, the sample size was calculated using the formula 320 Cochran, who were selected by random sampling. Data with the software BhrhGyry Spss, Excel tests using Pearson's correlation coefficient, fi - Kramer and chi-square test were analyzed. Research results show that Between the crime and the physical characteristics of the crime scene And socioeconomic characteristics of the local residents, there is a high correlation And the place looks run down areas prone to rise and growth of crime and social damage(Drug use, theft and robbery, conflict, migration, poverty, cultural, sexual perversion, insecurity, women and children, suicide and unfamiliar faces) Be considered.Research results show that Between the crime and the physical characteristics of the crime scene And socioeconomic characteristics of the local residents, there is a high correlation And the place looks run down areas prone to rise and growth of crime and social damage(Drug use, theft and robbery, conflict, migration, poverty, cultural, sexual perversion, insecurity, women and children, suicide and unfamiliar faces) Be considered.