جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "محله های شهری" در نشریات گروه "جغرافیا"

Dynamic urban systems undergo constant change and as a result, certain areas of a city acquire a different appearance over time, bearing the marks of decline and decay. The present challenge lies in identifying these disconnected urban areas that have become inefficient. Therefore, the design of indicators for identification purposes should aim to minimize potential ambiguities by providing a robust assessment measure. This article primarily focused on investigating the introduced indicators for identifying different types of inefficient areas in the neighborhoods of Alavi, Nahzat Abad, and Fatemiyeh in Ahvaz Metropolis and developing applicable indicators (social belonging, social cohesion, social cooperation, social security, and social trust) for them. This research adopted an applied approach and employed a survey research method with a particular emphasis on questionnaires. The statistical population comprised residents of the three mentioned neighborhoods and the sample size was determined to be 377 individuals according to the Cochran formula. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was utilized to examine the normality of data distribution, while the sign test was employed to assess the status of research variables. Furthermore, the variables were weighted using the Shannon entropy model and the neighborhoods were ranked using the MABAK technique. The findings derived from the results of the sign test indicated that the neighborhood of Fatemiyeh exhibited a higher average impact coefficient of 0.23 across the five selected research components compared to the other two neighborhoods. Additionally, the results of ranking the selected social components in the three neighborhoods using the MABAK technique revealed that Fatemiyeh Neighborhood secured the top position with an Si value (component and indicator impact value) of 0.221 followed by Nahzat Abad Neighborhood with 0.127 and Alavi Neighborhood with 0.187 ranking second and third, respectively.

Humanity today with all the scientific advances, has not been very successful in controlling natural hazards. The concept of resilience brings the evolution of risk management in the current decade. Resilience is proposed as a way to strengthen societies by using their capacities. The main goal of this research is to measure and evaluate the economic resilience of the Neighborhoods of the three region of Ardabil city against the risk of earthquake. The research is descriptive-analytical in terms of method and practical in terms of purpose. The method of collecting data and information in the form of a library and a questionnaire that includes three indicators of economic resilience, the severity (amount) of damages, the capacity or ability to compensate for damages and the ability to return to suitable conditions. MEREC method was used to determine the weight of the indicators and CoCoSo method was used to measure and evaluate the resilience of the neighborhoods. The calculation of three strategies (Ka), (Kb) and (Kc) shows; in all three mentioned strategies, neighborhood six has the highest score and neighborhood eight has the lowest score. The amount (K) and the ranking of the ten neighborhoods shows, neighborhood six with a score of 2.87, neighborhood two with a score of 2.80, neighborhood seven with a score of 2.65, neighborhood ten with a score of 2.60, neighborhood Four with a score of 2.46, neighborhood one with a score of 2.23, neighborhood nine with a score of 2/11, neighborhood three with a score of 1.92, neighborhood five with a score of 1.76 and finally neighborhood eight With a score of 1.15, they are ranked first to tenth respectively. Overall, the results show that there is a difference between ten neighborhoods in terms of economic resilience.

The old cities, which are often built based on the pedestrian model, had a favorable walkability level; But with the passage of time, especially after Pahlavi era and with a greater desire to use cars, this desirability started to decline. At the present time, the development of cities is car-oriented, while the walkable city encourages citizens to walk in the city by planning the environmental structure and land use. Based on this, the current research aimed to evaluate and compare the walkablity in developed urban neighborhoods at different periods and with different physical, social and economic characteristics. The research case study of Semnan city has been selected, which consists of three districts, and one neighborhood will be investigated from each district. Pachenar neighborhood is located in District 1 and the historical context of the city and formed the city's core. Golshahr neighborhood is located in the second district of Semnan city, and its formation and development are mostly related to the forties and the second Pahlavi period. Modiran neighborhood, located in the third district, has a new texture, and its formation is due to the development after the revolution and is mainly related to the 80s. The approach used in the research is descriptive-analytical, and the walk score method was used to evaluate the walkability in these three neighborhoods. This method is a valuable tool for quantitative measurement of walking in a specified urban area, which can be done in four steps and calculates the final score based on the distance of a user from her required users. These uses can be classified into five categories. If they are within 400 meters (a quarter of a mile) or less from the center of the neighborhood or the designated origin, they will be given the highest score, and if they are located at a greater distance, a lower score will be given to them. The results of using the walk score method in the research show that the Golshahr neighborhood in the second district is the most walkable among these three options due to the number and variety of activities and its location at an accessible distance for the residents. After Golshahr, the Pachenar neighborhood, in the first district, with its historical context and mainly lack of planning, has the most favorable situation. Finally, the Modiran neighborhood, in the third district, with a primarily residential structure, the least amount of variety of uses, narrow sidewalks, uniform the atmosphere of the neighborhood and the lack of identifying elements are placed in the last priority in terms of the pedestrian condition. On the other hand, according to the results of the research and field investigations, there are suggestions such as improving the condition of the lighting system, improving security, creating greenery on the side of the roads and increasing the visual quality of the roads, paving and improving the condition of the sidewalks, observing the human scale in constructions, increasing mixing Uses, improving the quality of urban furniture and the legibility of the environment (the ability to identify routes) and finally using attractive and diverse facades in buildings in order to improve the pedestrian condition in each of the neighborhoods.

Cultural and physical changes are one of the forms of modernization and globalization processes in developed countries, and today the consequences of these processes have increased in the cities of developing countries. These consequences can be examined in several urban scales, including urban neighbourhoods. The following article examines the impact of modernization and globalization in the two neighbourhoods of Amiriyeh and Zafaranieh in Tehran and the reason for their differences in physical structure and cultural identity. The research method is quantitative and its strategy is causal. The research data collection tool is based on library studies, field methods and questionnaire techniques. The sampling method is based on the corrected model of Cochran, in which 60 questionnaires are distributed in each neighbourhood and questions about cultural identity are asked from the residents of the neighbourhood, the municipal officials and the housekeepers of the neighbourhoods, and the examination of the physical structure is based on field observations. Data analysis and comparison are made using Friedman and T statistical tests. The results of this research show that due to the different cultural, social and economic texture and structure of the two neighbourhoods, and since globalization and modernization focus on areas with higher information capabilities and potentials, the Zafaranieh neighbourhood in comparison With the Amirieh neighbourhood, it has been more affected by the processes of modernization and globalization, and their consequences are very evident in the production of the space of this neighbourhood from the point of view of the physical structure and cultural identity

AbstractStrengthening the vitality of urban neighborhoods as the smallest unit of urban management and the geographical center of the formation of local communities is the foundation of a vibrant, dynamic and pioneer city. One of the factors affecting the vitality of urban neighborhoods is social factor, and in various researches the effect of this notion on urban spaces development, social sustainability, local sustainable development, satisfaction of residents and local management has been investigated. Though the effect of social capital and its constructive components on the vitality of urban neighborhoods have been chosen as the main objective of the present study. The research methodology was descriptive-analytical and was practical in the terms of purpose. To this end, in a survey method, 392 questionnaires were completed in Bagh-e-Sheikh and KianAbad neighborhoods of Ahwaz city, and the obtained results were analyzed using one sample t-test and independent t-test in SPSS software and structural equation modeling in Amos graphic software. The results showed that the respondents evaluated the components of social capital (social trust, social participation, social cohesion and social relations) in the studied areas significantly higher than the average, and the amount of the mentioned components had no significant difference in the two mentioned neighborhood. In evaluating the designed structural equation, the value of the indices confirms the fitting of the mentioned equation, hence; the conceptual model of the research was acceptable and the positive and significant impact of the social capital on the vitality of the urban neighborhoods was confirmed. The largest contribution in explaining the social capital structure was related to the social participation, and in case of vitality, it was related to the availability and mobility componentsExtended AbstractIntroductionVitality is one of the qualities of urban spaces that the most important of which is the self-evident presence of citizens in public spaces and the shaping of the vital force of the place. In fact, the vitality or active and passionate presence of people in urban spaces is one of the important and positive characteristics of such spaces that neglecting them causes urban spaces to lose their social function and appear cold and lifeless. Enhancing the vitality of urban neighborhoods as the smallest unit of urban management and the geographical focus of the formation of local communities is the infrastructure of the creation of a vibrant, dynamic and progressive city. Some of the effective factors on the vitality of urban neighborhoods is social factors and in various studies the impact of them on urban spaces development, social sustainability, local sustainable development, residents' satisfaction and local management has been investigated. In this study, however, the impact of social capital and its components on the vitality of urban neighborhoods has been selected as the main objective of the present study and the it seeks to answer the following questions: Do the components of social capital and vitality differ significantly in the studied neighborhoods? How is the impact of social capital on the formation of vitality in neighborhoods?According to the research objectives and questions, the accuracy of the following hypotheses in the study was investigated:- Social capital has a positive and significant impact on neighborhood vitality.- The studied neighborhoods have significant differences in terms of social capital components.- Kianabad neighborhood is significantly more vibrant than Bagh-e-Sheikh neighborhood. MethodologyThe method of this study is analytical quantitative and after library studies the data were collected through questionnaire. To select the sample, two neighborhoods of Ahvaz were selected by clustering method and questionnaires were distributed among the analysis units (households) according to the population of the neighborhoods. The sample size was estimated to be 384 using the Cochran formula according to the sample population that in order to complete not less than 100 questionnaires in each neighborhood, a total of 400 questionnaires were completed by systematically classified method. After refining the completed questionnaires, totally the information of 392 questionnaires including 101 questionnaires in Bagh-e-Sheikh neighborhood and 291 questionnaires in Kianabad neighborhood were analyzed. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics including univariate and independent t-tests in SPSS software and structural equation modeling using Amos Graphic software. Results and discussionThe results showed that, contrary to the third hypothesis, residents' evaluation of the vitality of Bagh-e-Sheikh neighborhood is higher that factors such as neighborhood safety, more use at night, convenient access to nearby locations, and meeting needs through downtown has had a significant impact on this issue. However, it should be noted that the evaluation of vitality in this study was not based on objective factors and residents' evaluation of the components of vitality included presence, attractiveness and satisfaction which is certainly influenced by variables such as rooting and attachment to residence, the case that has not been investigated. Although the mean of the components of vitality was evaluated higher than the average from the viewpoints of residents (and the difference is statistically significant), the score of the attractiveness of the component was lower than the assumed average and the weakness of the studied sample are evident in terms of the presence of meeting spaces and hangouts, the possibility of walking, the presence of traditional and modern markets, and the amusement facilities in the neighborhoods. Considering the social capital with regard to the characteristics and antiquity of Bagh-e-Sheikh neighborhood, it was expected that the stronger social capital would be achieved in this neighborhood. The results show that although the social capital of Bagh-e-Sheikh neighborhood is slightly higher than Kianabad and there is more standard deviation in Kianabad neighborhood, there is no significant difference in social capital and its components in studied neighborhoods. Intervention and the impact of downtown commercial context (adjoining dense context and transferring its traffic passing), population displacement caused by burnout and slow renovation and also the conversion of large-scale neighborhoods into cellar and deserted neighborhoods may be the reason for the decline of the social capital in the neighborhood that has made its social capital not significantly different from the relatively modern Kianabad neighborhood. In Bagh-e-Sheikh neighborhood, the participation and the social cohesion were higher and the social trust was the lowest component, and in particular, institutional trust items in this neighborhood have been evaluated weak as indicating dissatisfaction with the performance of urban managers and the inefficiency of programs in this worn-out and old context of the town. In evaluating the designed structural equation, the value of the indices confirms the fit of the mentioned equation, so the conceptual model of the research is acceptable and the positive and significant impact of the social capital on the vitality of urban neighborhoods is confirmed. The greatest contribution to explaining the structure of the social capital is related to social participation and is case of the vitality is related to the component of presence and mobility. ConclusionThe results show that the respondents evaluated the social capital components (social trust, social participation, social cohesion, and social relations) as significantly higher than the mean in the studied neighborhoods, and the value of the mentioned components was not significantly different in the two studied neighborhoods. Investigating the structural equation of research shows that the stronger the social capital and its components in urban neighborhoods, the more likely to have a vibrant neighborhood. This issue demonstrates the importance of neighborhood social actions in line of enhancing the presence of people in public spaces. Neighborhood social relations are formed in the context of public spaces. The impact of social capital on the development and quality of this space has also been confirmed in previous studies. For example, Rezazadeh et al. (1392) have examined the role of the social capitals in addition to the physical capital in local sustainable development in the investigation of the asset-based approach to the local sustainable development, in which vitality, dynamism, adaptation and diversity considered the principles of the local sustainability and they have endorsed the relationship between the social capitals and the sustainable local development. Consequently, the results of this study are in line with the above research. According to the results of the study, it is recommended that in order to enhance the vitality of the studied neighborhoods, the policy making to enhance participation (the most influential component of the social capital formation) and social trust (the weakest component of social capital in the studied neighborhoods) should be implemented through mechanisms related to various areas of urban management and socio-cultural management to enhance the vitality of neighborhoods through social capital as well.

One of the basic and common needs of human beings is the formation of a stable neighborhood system. Because the development of urbanization and the trend of increasing urban population has caused issues such as improper use of resources, environmental pollution, increasing social anomalies and economic and physical problems at the level of urban communities. Since the neighborhoods of Bojnourd city do not show a good situation of sustainability, the present study has been formed with the aim of measuring and comparing the level of sustainability of Bojnourd neighborhoods. To assess the sustainability of the city, indicators related to sustainability in the fields of population, social, economic, cultural and physical were used. Then, in order to evaluate more accurately and reduce the number of indicators, factor analysis was used and the map of neighborhoods in terms of stability and instability was drawn in Arc Map. The results showed that neighborhoods with more unstable levels are located in the northeastern, northwestern, southern and southwestern parts of the city, these neighborhoods with 48% of the city area, about 42% of the population. In contrast, sustainable neighborhoods are mostly formed in the central part of the city, which also covers about 45% of the population with 31% of the area. The neglect of urban management to the considerations of sustainable urban development and the lack of organization of dysfunctional and worn-out structures are the most important reasons for this significant difference.

Smart growth is a proposed method for dispersal correction. Scattered urban development refers to the unplanned and unplanned development of cities, which leads to unbalanced and uneven development of cities. Therefore, the smart growth strategy tries to reshape cities and lead them to a desirable community. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the physical development of the city of Joybar with an intelligent urban growth approach. To achieve this goal, 7 socio-economic, educational, physical, environmental, service, transportation and accessibility indicators have been used. The research method is descriptive-analytical. Preliminary data were collected through library method and statistical data. ARAS method and Holdern model were used to analyze the data. Studies have shown that according to the Holdern model, in the decades 1375 to 1395, about 83% of the growth of the city area was in line with population growth and the remaining 17% had uneven growth. Also, the calculations performed in the ARAS method show that neighborhoods 3, 1, 5 obtained the highest rankings based on smart urban growth indicators and are considered developed neighborhoods, and neighborhoods 6, 9, 8 have the lowest rankings and are considered deprived neighborhoods. Also, neighborhoods 2, 7, 10 and 4 ranked fourth to seventh and are in the middle of development.

The main purpose of this research is qualitative study and modeling the effects of physical structure of urban neighborhoods on mental disorders of citizens. In this research, content analysis method was used. The statistical population of the study was families that living in Moftabad and Mardavij neighborhoods. Based on this, people were selected as the sample who have diversity in terms of living environment. Also, the condition for entering the study was to be over 20 years old, to have lived in the desired neighborhood for at least 3 years, and not to have acute mental disorders. Based on this, 60 people were selected as the sample size. The content analysis method used for this study that included determine and extract the analysis unit, coding the analysis units, summarize and reduce data, use the categorization system, and analyze and report research results Based on the results of the research, the six main variables for the physical structure of urban neighborhoods were extracted such as natural environmental conditions (diversity of vegetation, water spaces and environment temperature), environmental pollution (noise pollution and unhealthy urban environment), streets conditions (walking ability, street lighting at night, smooth traffic in the neighborhood), public spaces (Local Park, urban furniture, sitting spaces in front of the residential complex), local services (local market and retail stores), and urban landscape and image (Environmental readability, proper application of paint in the environment).

Today, achieving sustainable development and proper and sustainable construction density in the cities to improve the quality of life and improve the urban environment is considered as a necessity of urban development. The increasing urban population growth, resource constraints and the rational efficiency of existing facilities increase the importance of paying attention to the density of urban areas. Since demographic and construction densification is one of the most important means of urban planning in order to balance and create order in a complex urban system. Accordingly, the need for a deep and deep view of the topic of urban density and its effects on other urban phenomena is felt more than ever.The present research is analytical-descriptive. In order to collect information for the study of construction density, statistical blocks of 2011 were used. 384 questionnaires were also used to assess the sustainability of urban neighborhoods. In this study, various statistical methods including Kruskal Wallis and binomial test were used. The results of the research showed that there is a significant difference between the groups of construction density and the level of neighborhood stability in the cities of Babolsar is not equal in terms of density. In fact, it can be stated that there is a significant difference between neighborhoods with different construction densities in terms of physical, environmental and economic sustainability. Neighborhoods with average building density in terms of physical, environmental and economic sustainability are better than low-density (construction) and high-density (construction) neighboroods. However, in terms of socio-cultural sustainability between neighborhoods with different construction densities, there is no significant difference and the situation of this aspect of sustainability is not related to the density of construction in the neighborhoods. In general, Babolsar is not in a good position in terms of sustainability.

Today, different approaches and concepts have been proposed to solve the problem of cities, which is livability is one of the concepts discussed in connection with urban planning. The current approach to the present study is based on the applied purpose and based on the descriptive-analytical nature. The sample size has been determined using the Cochran formula of 384 people, which was added to the assurance of a further 10 people. The 5-level Likert spectrum technique was used to explain the effective factors on the livability. The model of structural equations was used to understand the relationship between variables and in order to fit the overall model, the chi-square, GFI, and AGFI indices, and the remaining root mean square (which is one of the most important indicators) was used. In this study, the relationship between independent variable (physical livability index) and dependent variable (economic, social, environmental and social indicators) has been investigated. The physical characteristics of the 15 areas of the city of Isfahan have been considered, so that from the regions, 3 regions and from each region 2 neighborhoods were examined and approximately 65 questionnaires filled in each area. The physical index has an impact on the economic and environmental .the results show that the physical indices have a significant impact on economic viability and that beta is 0.62 significantly related and that the physical index affects environmental impacts and has meaningful relation with beta is 0.32, but this index has an effective role on social, identity and housing.

Although population growth is the primary reason for the rapid expansion of cities, the irrational dispersion has undesirable effects on the natural and cultural environment of societies. Efforts have been made to address the negative impacts of urban dispersal, most notably the smart growth strategy as one of the solutions to the dispersion of urban development, which is, in fact, the development of intelligent alternatives to dispersion. The main objective of this research is to investigate and analyze urban intelligent growth on urban development dispersion in Behshahr city. To achieve this, five indicators (educational, physical, service, environmental and transportation) have been used. The research method is descriptive-analytic. Primary information was collected through the documentary method (library search) and statistical data through the municipality of Behshahr. For data analysis, quantitative programming models, such as Topsis multi-criteria decision, Shannon entropy and Hellendian have been used. Based on the Entropy model and Shannon, in the decades of 1355-1385, about 60 percent of the city's growth was consistent with population growth, and the remaining 40 percent had a sporadic, horizontal, and sparse urban growth. But based on the calculations done in the multi-criteria decision making model, the topisiation suggests that in the educational index, neighborhood 2, in the physical index, neighborhoods 1, 4, and 5, in terms of environmental index, 1, 3, 4, and 5, in the transport index, neighborhood The first one has the highest rank, but in terms of service index, all neighborhoods in Behshahr are deprived of services and amenities.

There is a consensus among researchers that the need to turn urban historic neighborhoods into places for better collective life is a consideration of the aspects of social sustainability in these neighborhoods. The significance of this issue is to the extent that it can be said that the most important aspect of the protection of historical neighborhoods in the process of sustainable urban development is to return to its social component. Therefore, measuring the dimensions of social sustainability in urban historical contexts was the main objective of this study, which was done by studying the six neighborhoods of the historical context of Ardabil city. The research method used in this study was descriptive-analytic and the sample consisted of 384 residents of Ardebil's historical context, who were selected by simple random sampling. The research measures were implemented based on theoretical framework of the research in a researcher-made questionnaire with 10 main components and 68 questions Including: Social security, social participation, social trust, collective identity, vitality, social interaction, sense of belonging, quality of housing, economic benefit, and spatial justice. The results showed that the rate of social sustainability in the historical context of Ardebil is generally low. But some of the components of social sustainability such as crime security, social participation, social interaction, and sense of belonging were more favorable than other components. However, the instability in the economic situation of residents and the low quality of physical condition of this area associated with inadequate access of residents to public services is a major factor in the escalation of social instability in the historical context of Ardebil. Also there are significant spatial differences in the level of social sustainability among the neighborhoods.. The results of this study highlight the social dimension of sustainable development in improving the quality of historical textures. An important point to be made as a conclusion from the analyses is that by reinforcing the social aspects of historical areas, their physical inadequacies can be largely achieved and reduced to habitat and activity. The results of this study emphasize the importance of assessing the social sustainability of urban areas, highlighting the social dimension of sustainable development in improving the quality of historical textures.

Sustainable urban development, a large-scale and complex ideas that affect the growth and development of cities, economic, social, environment-focused on environmental and ecological development. What is important today is the awareness of the strengths and weaknesses of the social, economic, environmental-environmental and ecological development. The present study examined Mahabad’s municipality districts and neighborhoods, based on indicators of social, economic, environmental, and physical services to identify the community's level of sustainability. This research with regard to its type is applied research and, with respect to the method deployed, it is descriptive research. The model was analyzed utilizing the ELECTRE and AHP and Expert Choice software and Arc GIS in order to determine the stable neighborhoods. The overall results indicate that the studied districts of Mahabad were clearly ranked upon the characteristics under investigation. These municipality areas are ranked and explained in further details in this study.

The realization of good urban governance in urban management of metropolitans in Iran, including Tehran, requires the realization of citizens’ participation in a variety of dimensions. This emphasizes on the concepts such as justice-orientation, legality, transparency, consensus-orientation, participation, efficiency and effectiveness, accountability and responsibility. Due to the fact that the management of the district 9 like other urban districts of Tehran is at a low level, it seems that this district requires a new and more dynamic management system to be improved.
In this research, the neighborhoods of the 9th district of Tehran have been considered in terms of important indicators of urban good governance. Using the VIKOR ranking technique, we have studied the position of these indicators. Therefore, the main goal of this study is to evaluate the eight neighborhoods of district 9 and prioritize neighborhoods based on urban good governance indicators. For this purpose, firstly, using the available literature on urban governance, various dimensions of the subject are described with emphasis on urban neighborhoods, and then, on this basis, appropriate indicators for measuring urban good governance are extracted. In the following, a suitable tool for gathering proportionate data with the indicators has been designed. As the field study has been carried out, the resulted data are analyzed using VIKOR model.
2.

The general approach of the research is a quantitative method. It is based on documentation and field study (questionnaire) in terms of data gathering. First, related studies are used to identify urban good governance indicators. Accordingly, eight important indicators were identified in this field and considered for designing the questionnaire as the main tool of research in the field study.
To increase the validity, the content and visual validity methods have been used. In this regard, the validity of the research tool was confirmed by a number of experts in this field. Then, Cronbach's alpha technique was used to measure the reliability of research tool. The number of 0.835 was obtained, which indicates the appropriate reliability of the research tool. According to Cochran's formula, 384 questionnaires in eight neighborhoods of 9th district of Tehran were distributed by stratified random sampling. Finally, the VIKOR decision model was used to analyze the collected data derived from field surveys.
3.

This research aims to measure urban good governance indicators in Tehran's neighborhoods. In this regard, based on the available survey literature in the field of urban good governance, 39 items in the form of eight indicators of urban good governance including participation, justice-oriented, consensus-oriented, efficiency and effectiveness, transparency, legality, accountability and responsibility have been examined in an analysis framework of VIKOR model.
The results show that the neighborhoods of the 9th district of Tehran have a different situation in terms of urban good governance indicators. As Table 12 shows, these indicators have generally a better status in Dr Hooshyar and Ostad Moein with the coefficients of 0.093 and 0.252, respectively. Fatah neighborhood is in the worst status with the coefficient of 0.810. This indicates a significant difference between the neighborhoods in terms of urban good governance. And the rest of other neighborhoods of 9th district of Tehran have a coefficient between 0.3 and 0.7.
4.

According to the findings, the centralized and top-down management of authorities and urban managers in the studied neighborhoods, vertical relations and hierarchy, lack of attention to local and civil institutions, discrimination in laws and regulations, and finally, lack of attention to the strategy of community development as the basis and participatory development foundation are remarkable in these neighborhoods. The goal of participatory development foundation is to pay attention to a citizen as a responsible and active member in the urban society to encourage collaboration for promoting standards of the life.
The strategy of urban good governance aims to create a democratic process for flourishing a foundation for social life based on more participation of people, collective responsibility and the delegation of authority to the local community in order to improve the quality of life. In addition, focusing on the ability of the local community and their direct role in the development process, this strategy seeks to find a type of management based on the local community through collaboration of government and nongovernmental organizations, while unfortunately, these indicators are not considered comprehensively in the studied neighborhoods, and “the right of human development and places” has been ignored.
Also, the indicator of accountability was lower than the average, indicating that the respondents did not consider this indicator in desirable status in their district. They believe that the authorities and urban (district) managers should be responsible and accountable to their results, decisions and activities and should be responsive about their decisions to the urban (district) residents. They did not consider their authorities responsive to accomplished or accomplishing activities. This status is not observed in studied neighborhoods.

Today, many urban problems, more show the need for sustainable urban development. But in order to overcome these problems, it is necessary to measure differences in the level of development of the sustainable development and improvement of the proposed solutions. This study aimed to measure sustainable development in urban neighborhoods with Fuzzy Logic and GIS have been done thus, the analytical method of the study is descriptive and analytical. Because fuzzy logic in GIS has potential for sustainability assessment of complex systems such as cities, So twenty-four indicators were selected for assessing the sustainability of the urban neighborhoods(district) in the city of Yazd, with using fuzzy logic in GIS have been studied. The results indicate that the stability of the central neighborhoods of the city and region 2 is better urban fringes neighborhoods in terms of indicators that studied, the situation is less stable and urban fringes neighborhoods, particularly the south, east and north of city are in the situation unstable.

The neighborhoods of Tehran Metropolis are one of the most fundamental social – physical elements and are considered as important communication links between the citizens. One of the key issues in city regions is spatial identityand ignoring this matter causes the citizens do not feel like belonging to their place of residence. Consequently, the unsustainable neighborhood is formed. The present study aims to assess and analyze spatial identity of Sanglaj as one of the old regions of Tehran in the 12th zone. The research method is descriptive-analytic and required data were collected through a survey using a questionnaire. The research population consisted of all citizens over 18 years old in Sanglaj, among whom 115 were sellected as participants throughnon-probabilistic sampling method.The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software.The results showed that there is a significant positive correletion between place-belonging, sociability, comfort, and access to service variables. In addition, it was found that there is a meaningful relationship between age and local identity as well as a significant difference between local identity and period of residence; that is those whose period of residence was longer, have evaluated the spatial identity of region better. Generally, it was found that, according to the participants, the residents’ spatial identification was not desirable in this study.

Although the concept of social investment is a new and emerging field of urban studies, this concept is rooted in the social relations of mankind. Human naturally engages and interacts with others and satisfy their needs as living creatures. The effects of these interactions and their roles is complex; it is social capital avenue and it can be studied by various researchers.In this paper, by adopting a comparative approach to the evaluation components of social capital metrics awareness, participation and social trust among different communities, three regions of Qazvin had been paid attention. The research is undertaken using descriptive - analytical, qualitative data deploying a model designed to quantify and measure. Assessment model creating value tree and AHP method (AHP) and is designed with four levels .The findings of the study showed significant differences across social capital and its components.

Necessary to achieve sustainable urban development in modern cities، municipal services and facilities accessible to all segments of society، or in other words balanced and equal distribution of resources among the urban population in the social dimension - Space is. In recent years we have witnessed a rapid growth and spontaneous urban inequality، a kind of economic، social and environmental dimensions of urban space has been created. Residential areas adjacent to urban industries because of the problems in these areas are not really attractive segments of the urban elite and wealthy. Why inject capital facilities in the urban areas، absent in most of these places are poor and live in urban infra. Thus، urban planners in recent years much attention to balance living conditions in urban areas has to be able to provide sustainable urban development. The present study aimed to assess the living conditions of nearby residents in urban industries، which is assumed to be urban poor areas، to study has been discussed. This research method was descriptive - analytical and data collection was carried out using 382 questionnaires. Data analysis using one-sample T-test results show that the total average of all measured variables، quality of life is lower than average - The physical structure of the city (2. 86)، Health Care Quality - Environmental (2. 63)، Security (2. 71)، Social - Cultural (2. 71)، Economic status (2. 67)، Psycho - Relax (2. 82). Regression analysis revealed that psychological variables Relax with a beta of 0. 234، the greatest impact on satisfaction and quality of life for residents of the study area.