جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « کلانشهر اصفهان » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

Urban expansion leads to the creation of urban heat islands, which can create risks for human health and the environment. Knowledge of the state of vegetation, changes in land use and temperature of each region over time is very important and is used in micro and macro planning. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between temperature and vegetation in creating a thermal island in Isfahan city. In this regard, the use of Landsat ETM satellite images during the period of 1990-2019, LST and NDVI indices, and land use were studied and investigated. The results of the investigations show an increase in the size of the city and a decrease in the size of garden lands and marginal pastures of the city. Areas without vegetation are located in the urban area and residential areas and in the southern and eastern heights of Isfahan city. The maximum NDVI index is also in the western and southeastern areas of Isfahan city. The intensity of heat islands is more than other land uses according to the minimum and maximum level and average temperature in urban land and with the increase in the area of ​​residential uses and urban development, the intensity of heat islands has increased. On the other hand, the lowest temperature intensity of heat islands is observed in irrigated agricultural lands and gardens. In general, it can be said that in the city of Isfahan, the high temperature is mostly in the central core of the city, and the surroundings of the city are covered by the middle temperature layer. Low temperatures have also been observed in agricultural use. Parks and urban green spaces also have medium temperature classes due to their proximity to urban uses and being influenced by them. During the studied period, the largest area was related to average temperature and this trend will continue in the coming years.

One of the influential components on the appearance of cities that plays an active role in the functional and aesthetic dynamics of the city is urban furniture. Urban furniture and beautification is one of the important elements to improve the quality of urban life.

Using Marcos technique, the indicators related to urban furniture and urban beautification in Isfahan metropolis have been analyzed. The research method was Quantitative and its data is adapted from the statistics of Isfahan metropolis in 2019. Using Shannon entropy model, the weight of urban furniture indices has been calculated and these weights have been used in Marcos technique. Using the final score of F (K) of Marcos technique, analyze the indicators studied in Isfahan metropolitan.

The value of Si coefficient for anti ideal (0.151) was obtained and the highest value of this coefficient belonged to region 1 (0.6794). The highest value of K- coefficient (505.4) and the highest value of K + coefficient (0.679) have been obtained, which belongs to region 1 of Isfahan metropolis. The lowest value of these coefficients belonged to 13 Region of Isfahan. Using Marcos technique, the final score of F (K) for Region 1 (0.666), Region 2 (0.283), Region 3 (0.648), Region 4 (0.473), Region 5 (0.503) Region 6 (0.649), Region 7 (0.488), Region 8 (0.465), Region 9 (0.387), Region 10 (0.482), Region 11 (0.397), Region 12 (0.524), region 13 (0.268), region 14 (0.325) and region 15 (0.328) have been obtained.

The final score of Marcos technique for urban furniture indicators in 15 Regions of Isfahan metropolis indicates inequality in the studied indicators.

The expansion of urbanization and the development of urban lands towards orchards and agricultural farms is one of the biggest problems of the country's major cities, and in recent years, this development, along with reduced water resources and a sharp increase in population, has led to the development of urban heat and metropolitan heating. In this study, by examining the situation of the heat island of Isfahan and its surroundings, as well as changes in green spaces and gardens adjacent to the city of Isfahan, the relationship between these two variables was evaluated. The research method is descriptive and correlational and the purpose of this study is to investigate the role of tourism development of garden houses around the city of Isfahan and its role in reducing the effects of the heat island of Isfahan. The results of this study showed that in recent years the temperature of Isfahan and its surroundings has increased between 2.5 to 4 degrees Celsius and this increase has coincided with the development of Isfahan and the destruction of gardens around the city.

 

One of the components that affect the quality of urban life is indicators related to traffic and transportation equipment, and it is impossible to analyze issues related to sustainable development in cities without considering traffic and transportation indicators.

The present study is the analytical-comparative type, and using the multimoora technique has been analyzed indicators related to traffic and transportation equipment in 15 Regions of the Isfahan metropolis. The weights of the indicators related to traffic and transportation equipment in the Isfahan metropolis have been calculated through the Shannon entropy model. These weights have been used in the multimoora technique. Using three approaches of multimoora technique such as ratio system approach, reference point approach, complete multiplication approach, the analysis of indicators related to traffic equipment and transportation in Isfahan metropolis has been undertaken.

In the ratio system approach, the highest y-score belonged to Region 10 of Isfahan (0.4010), and the lowest score belonged to Region 11 of Isfahan (0.0278). The highest score of reference point approach belonged to Region 8 of Isfahan metropolis, and Regions 5, 11, 12 and 14 obtained the lowest score of reference point approach. In the complete multiplication approach, Isfahan metropolitan Region 6 had the highest score and Regions 5, 9, 11, 12, 14 and 15 obtained the lowest score.

Investigating the differences in the scores obtained from the three approaches of multimoora technique, i.e., the ratio system approach, reference point approach, complete multiplication approach, and the combination of these three approaches using the dominance theory indicates the existence of inequality in traffic equipment and transportation in 15 Regions of Isfahan metropolis.

Polarization and social duality is a complex phenomenon that has affected large cities and contemporary metropolises. This phenomenon has emerged under the capitalist system influence and the centralist policies of governments. Iranian cities have been affected by this phenomenon due to peripheral and quasi-capitalist policies. It have caused the country's metropolises to become a heterogeneous city in terms of social environment due to increasing social and economic distance and unequal distribution of facilities and services. As a result, urban society is deeply polarized. Thus, economic polarization and social polarization have intensified. In the meantime, the metropolis of Isfahan has not been deprived of this economic and social polarization. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development (2019), about 23.35% of population, live in dysfunctional textures with rural backgrounds, informal settlement, middle contexts and historically dysfunctional textures, which is equivalent to 436,453 people. These textures have prominent characteristics such as inefficient infrastructure, low services, low-strength buildings, high social damage, etc. Also, according to the reports of the Parliamentary Research Center, the poverty rate of this city has been announced as 11.95%. In fact, the clustering of social differentiation and thus the formation of social polarization has intensified and class distance and duality in urban space have become geographical and spatial. Continuation of this situation will cause the metropolis of Isfahan to be swallowed up by the marginalized and poor population. If no precautionary measures are taken, the text of the city will soon be digested in the stomachs of the suburbs and its poor. Accordingly, the aim of the present study is zoning and spatial analysis of social polarization at the level of statistical blocks of Isfahan metropolis.

The present article is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of this research is the statistical blocks of Isfahan metropolis in 2016. The research data has prepared from the statistical blocks (2016) of the Statistics Center of Iran. AHP and Topsis models have been used to data analysis, compilation of indicators and final social polarization index extraction. Also, exploratory methods, ie Hotspot model, have been used for measurement of cluster or random social polarization in Isfahan metropolis. Arc / GIS software has been used for indexing and mapping.

Findings has show that major indicators have the greatest impact on social polarization in the city of Isfahan, which are literacy, household in housing unit, marital status, women's employment and place of birth. The impact coefficients of these indicators are 0.299, 0.254, 0.166, 0.147 and 0.134, respectively. Also, the situation of neighborhoods in terms of social polarization indicators is as follows: 24 neighborhoods (12.5%) good quality, 57 neighborhoods (29.69%) relatively good quality, 46 neighborhoods (23.96%) average, 40 neighborhoods ( 20.8%) relatively unsuitable and finally 25 neighborhoods equivalent to 13% unsuitable. In fact, more than 33% of the city's neighborhoods are socially unacceptable. Therefore, most of the neighborhoods of Isfahan metropolis are in average and unfavorable condition (more than 55% in total) and a kind of social differentiation has been created in this city in terms of space. As a result, social polarization in the metropolis has found a geographical or spatial dimension.Neighborhoods with higher than average values are located in the center and to some extent in the north of the city and neighborhoods with lower than average values are located in the east of Isfahan metropolis.

According to the results of the present study, about 33% of neighborhoods in the metropolis of Isfahan are in poor condition in terms of social indicators and more than 55% of neighborhoods in this city are average and unsuitable. Thus, the city is faced with a kind of social differentiation, social differentiation and duality, which eventually has manifests itself in the form of social polarization. In fact, social polarization has manifested itself spatially. Thus, the city is faced with a kind of social differentiation, social differentiation and duality, which eventually manifests itself in the form of social polarization. In fact, social polarization has manifested itself spatially.In fact, social polarization has emerged as a geographical manifestation of social inequality and differentiation. It also means unbalanced and unbalanced distribution of a set of social indicators in the metropolis of Isfahan. So that, the results of spatial analysis have confirmed the inequality and social differentiation in the metropolis of Isfahan. In fact, the center and the northern part of Isfahan are in a favorable situation in terms of social indicators, and in contrast, the eastern neighborhoods are located in an unfavorable situation. The results of the present study are consistent with the background. According to the results of research by Lustig et al. (2013), Mukhopadhyay & Urzainqui (2018) and Tarmizi et al. (2014), the existence of social inequality, spatial and social differentiation, geographical gap and social polarization has confirmed in Latin American cities, including Brazil, Approved in Argentina, Mexico and Asian cities such as India and Malaysia. Also, the results of the researches of Gholamipour and Kalantari (2017), Latifi and Babagoli (2015) and Safarloui et al. (2014) have confirmed the duality and spatial inequality in the cities of Mahshahr, Tehran and Urmia.

Existence of urban green space is one of the prerequisites for achieving sustainable urban development and plays a key role in improving the quality of life of urban dwellers. The research is practical and quantitative in terms of purpose and nature and is of analytical-comparative type and using Preference selection index and multi-moora technique has been analyzed green space indicators in Isfahan metropolis. The research data is adapted from the statistics of Isfahan metropolis in 2019. The results of the preference selection index for the analysis of green space indicators in the metropolis of Isfahan show that the highest score belonged to regions 4, 6, 10 and 8. The lowest scores of the preference selection index were assigned to regions 2, 11 and 15. The results of applying the three approaches of multi-moora technique for the analysis of urban green space indicators show imbalance and inequality in 15 Regions of Isfahan metropolis. The highest score of the Ratio system approach was compared to region 10 and the lowest score of the Ratio system approach was assigned to region 11. The highest score of the Reference point approach belonged to region 14 and regions 11 and 3 obtained the lowest score of the Reference point approach. In the Complete multiplication approach, region 8 of Isfahan metropolis has the highest score and regions 11, 1, 2 and 14 have the lowest score. The difference between the scores obtained in the preference selection index and the three approaches of Multi Moora technique indicates the existence of inequality in the field of urban green space indicators in the fifteen Regions of Isfahan metropolis.

The population of Isfahan has increased ten times over the past six decades. The rapid urbanization of the historical city of Isfahan has had a great environmental impact. At the same time, drying of Zayandeh Rood, increasing the air temperature, decreasing rain has brought the city to a critical environmental situation. The emergence of the urban heat island is only one of the consequences of the environmental changes of the past decades. Urban heat island has consequences for the health of citizens and it affects the consumption of water and energy. In this study, MODIS Aqua/LST data was used for night and day from 1379 to 1395. By using this data, the background climate of the metropolis of Isfahan was identified with the distance-azimuth (DA) charts. Then the representative pixel within the city and the representative pixel of the background climate were identified. Based on the time series of LST over these two pixels SUHI index of Isfahan metropolis was calculated. Studies show that the Isfahan metropolitan area is colder than the suburbs during the day and it is warmer than its surroundings during the night. The magnitude of the SUHI is maximal in January and is weaker in the summer. Regarding the temporal and spatial behavior of the SUHI, it seems that the changes made by the city in humidity, albedo, and composition of the atmosphere have played an important role in the emergence of the SUHI. Zayandeh Rood has played a major role in modulating the land surface temperature in the metropolitan area of Isfahan, and its drying has had environmental consequences.

The Esfahan metropolitan area due to increased population, immigration, tourism potentials, air stagnation at half the days of the year, drought in recent years, locating in the north-south corridor, despite the heavy industry and mining town of privacy, is faced with the problem of air pollution recently. Hence, the present study, in addition to evaluate the air component of the Esfahan metropolitan area, based on the green city criteria, provide green strategies for the realization of the Esfahan metropolitan area's air component. This study is applied project in terms of goal and in terms of the nature and method is analytical. The study sample consisted of two levels, the elites of the urban environment and the citizens of Esfahan Metropolis. Data collection with library, athletics and questionnaires were used. In this study, a set of indicators of green air component with Delphi and combining two models of PSR, TOPSIS to check the status of the air component of the Esfahan metropolis, in the context of a green approach and develop strategies to achieve green city of the air component in a comprehensive framework, including the use of matrix IFE, EFE, SWOT, IE and QSPM, are taken. The results showed that the air component of the metropolitan green city under the approach is not desirable So that, during the years 1387 to 1391 and 1391 to 1388 respectively, ranking first and last were allocated. In this context, the internal and external factors leading metropolis of the air component imply and the superiority of weaknesses to strengths and as well as threats to opportunities. Therefore, to achieve green metropolis of the air component, it is essential to adopt defensive strategies and priorities as defensive strategies, priorities, strategies to maintain continuity and green belt development and conservation priorities in the East and North East, Balanced and proportionate development of integrated public transport infrastructure and also Supply of gas power plants and industries in the metropolitan boundaries of ESFAHAN.

Despite the formation of the largest production and processing of stone in the Isfahan metropolitan region in recent decades (including: Mahmmoudabad, Najafabad, Dolatabad, and Khomeinishahr industrial clusters), less detailed studies have been done about clustering, especially in relation to their role in the regional development of industrial areas. This study attempts to cover this gap by cluster analysis of the stone industrial of Isfahan metropolitan region impact on regional development in term of its intensity and desirability. A Mixed research paradigm (involving the mixed case study in quantitative and qualitative research methods) has been used. In this way, at first, the literature about “industrial clusters” and “the role of industrial clusters on the regional development” were reviewed to determin indexes. The second stage, the questionnaire was provided based on selected measures and multi stage sampling method (stratified random sampling for determiantion of sampling population and systematic sampling methods for sampling frame). Then, 223 persons who work in the selected industrial were selected among 1115 workers base on the clustering sample in order to complete the questionnaire and collect data. The third stage, the obtained data were entered into the SPSS software in which confirmatory factor analysis and linear scaling transformation technique were used for measuring selected clusters in term of its intensity and desirability, respectively. The results show that despite the potential influence of Mahmmoudabad, Najafabad, Dolatabad, and Khomeinishahr stone industrial clusters on the Isfahan metropolitan development in term of its intensity, the selected industrial clusters have not still a very desirable economic, social and physical impacts. Also, clusters have more impact on social regional development, internal relation of firm improvement, preventing management migration and increasing physical capital in comparison with to economic regional development, external relation of firm improvement, preventing staff migration and increasing human capital. Thus, stone industrial clusters in the Isfahan metropolitan region are stil in the embryonic stage of development and they are far from the theoretical industrial clusters which have high-intensity and desirable impact for their regions.